{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T00:22:22Z","timestamp":1793060542487,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686268800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP18K17719"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18K17719"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Psychological dysfunction is one of the considerable health-related outcomes among critically-ill patients and their informal caregivers. Follow-up of intensive care unit (ICU) survivors has been conducted in a variety of different ways, with different timing after discharge, targets of interest (physical, psychological, social) and measures used. Of diverse ICU follow-up, the effects of follow-ups which focused on psychological interventions are unknown. Our research question was whether follow-up with patients and their informal caregivers after ICU discharge improved mental health compared to usual care. We published a protocol for this systematic review and meta-analysis in\n https:\/\/www.protocols.io\/<\/jats:ext-link>\n (\n https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.17504\/protocols.io.bvjwn4pe<\/jats:ext-link>\n ). We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycInfo from their inception to May 2022. We included randomized controlled trials for follow-ups after ICU discharge and focused on psychological intervention for critically ill adult patients and their informal caregivers. We synthesized primary outcomes, including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and adverse events using the random-effects method. We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to rate the certainty of evidence. From the 10,471 records, we identified 13 studies (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a03,\u00a0366) focusing on patients and four (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0538) focusing on informal caregivers. ICU follow-up for patients resulted in little to no difference in the prevalence of depression (RR 0.89, 95% CI [0.59\u20131.34]; low-certainty evidence) and PTSD (RR 0.84, 95% CI [0.55\u20131.30]; low-certainty evidence) among patients; however, it increased the prevalence of depression (RR 1.58 95% CI [1.01\u20132.46]; very low-certainty evidence), PTSD (RR 1.36, 95% CI [0.91\u20132.03]; very low-certainty evidence) among informal caregivers. The evidence for the effect of ICU follow-up on adverse events among patients was insufficient. Eligible studies for informal caregivers did not define any adverse event. The effect of follow-ups after ICU discharge that focused on psychological intervention should be uncertain.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.15260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T03:54:14Z","timestamp":1686282854000},"page":"e15260","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Follow-up focused on psychological intervention initiated after intensive care unit in adult patients and informal caregivers: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shodai","family":"Yoshihiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunsuke","family":"Taito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rehabilitation, Department of Clinical Practice and Support, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan"},{"name":"Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG), Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kota","family":"Yamauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rehabilitation, Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunsuke","family":"Kina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rehabilitation, Nakagami Hospital, Okinawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takero","family":"Terayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Tsutsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG), Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, National Hospital Organization Mito Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Kataoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG), Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto Min-iren Asukai Hospital, Kyoto, Japan"},{"name":"Section of Clinical Epidemiology Section, Department of Community Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Unoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acute and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, Sapporo City University, Sapporo, 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