{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T12:39:12Z","timestamp":1791463152942,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687737600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"President Foundation of Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan) of Southern Medical University","award":["2021A001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A001"]}]},{"name":"Oral Infectious Disease Mechanism Research and Clinical Translation Application Innovation team of Guangdong Province of China","award":["2021KCXTD033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021KCXTD033"]}]},{"name":"Chinese Stomatological Association Dental caries prevention and treatment capacity improvement program","award":["CSA-ICP2022-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSA-ICP2022-03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Human microbiome dysbiosis is related to various human diseases, and identifying robust and consistent biomarkers that apply in different populations is a key challenge. This challenge arises when identifying key microbial markers of childhood caries.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We analyzed unstimulated saliva and supragingival plaque samples from children of different ages and sexes, performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and sought to identify whether consistent markers exist among subpopulations by using a multivariate linear regression model.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We found that <jats:italic>Acinetobacter<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Clostridiales<\/jats:italic> bacterial taxa were associated with caries in plaque and saliva, respectively, while <jats:italic>Firmicutes<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Clostridia<\/jats:italic> were found in plaque isolated from children of different ages in preschool and school. These identified bacterial markers largely differ between different populations, leaving only <jats:italic>Saccharibacteria<\/jats:italic> as a significant caries-associated phylum in children. <jats:italic>Saccharibacteria<\/jats:italic> is a newly identified phylum, and our taxonomic assignment database could not be used to identify its specific genus.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our data indicated that, in a South China population, oral microbial signatures for dental caries show age and sex differences, but <jats:italic>Saccharibacteria<\/jats:italic> might be a consistent signal and worth further investigation, considering the lack of research on this microbe.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.15605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T08:16:59Z","timestamp":1687767419000},"page":"e15605","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["<i>Saccharibacteria (TM7)<\/i>, but not other bacterial taxa, are associated with childhood caries regardless of age in a South China population"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5257-2922","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yang","family":"You","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, ShenZhen, GuangDong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meixiang","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, ShenZhen, 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