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In human-modified landscapes, habitat disturbance modifies trophic interactions and intraspecific niche variation, impacting population persistence. Here, we investigated the relationship of sex, ontogeny, and habitat factors with the trophic niche of<jats:italic>Caiman crocodilus<\/jats:italic>in an agricultural landscape. We evaluated temporal variation in the trophic niche parameters using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis from different body tissues. We found that caimans exploit the same carbon and nitrogen pools through time, with low isotopic variability between seasons, partly due to the slow isotope turnover rates of tissues in crocodilians. Conversely, the trophic niche of caimans varied across habitats, but with no evidence of a difference between natural and anthropogenic habitats. It apparently results from the influence of habitat suitability, connectivity, and caiman movements during the foraging. Our findings highlight the broader niches of juvenile caimans relative to adults, possibly in response of territorialism and opportunistic foraging strategy. Although using similar resources, females had a larger niche than males, probably associated with foraging strategies during nesting. Considering the sex and body size categories, caimans occupied distinct isotopic regions in some habitats, indicating apparent niche segregation. Ontogenetic trophic shifts in the isotopes (<jats:italic>\u03b4<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C and<jats:italic>\u03b4<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N) depended on sex, leading to resource partitioning that can potentially reduce intraspecific competition. Decision-makers and stakeholders should consider the trophic dynamics of sex and body size groups for the sustainable management and conservation of caiman populations, which implies in the maintenance of wetland habitats and landscape heterogeneity in the Formoso River floodplain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.15915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T07:40:58Z","timestamp":1693381258000},"page":"e15915","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sources of intraspecific variation in the isotopic niche of a semi-aquatic predator in a human-modified landscape"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4432-7163","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andr\u00e9 Costa","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade de Bras\u00edlia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade de Bras\u00edlia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8062-7417","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gabriela Bielefeld","family":"Nardoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade de Bras\u00edlia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2628-5652","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guarino Rinaldi","family":"Colli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade de Bras\u00edlia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.7717\/peerj.15915\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0197159","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197159","article-title":"Estuarine crocodiles in a tropical coastal floodplain obtain nutrition from terrestrial prey","volume":"13","author":"Adame","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15915\/ref-2","article-title":"Ecologia da nidifica\u00e7\u00e3o de jacar\u00e9-a\u00e7u (Melanosuchus niger) na \u00c1rea de Prote\u00e7\u00e3o Ambiental Meandros do Araguaia\/GO-MT","volume-title":"IV Congresso Brasileiro de Herpetologia","author":"Andrade","year":"2009"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.7717\/peerj.15915\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2011.01662.x","article-title":"The ecological causes of individual specialisation","volume":"14","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ecology Letters"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.15915\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0706.2009.17768.x","article-title":"Food web structure and body size: trophic position and resource acquisition","volume":"119","author":"Arim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15915\/ref-5","first-page":"7","article-title":"Ecologia del caiman de anteojos o baba (Caiman crocodilus L.) en los Llanos de Apure (Venezuela)","volume":"10","author":"Ayarzaguena","year":"1983","journal-title":"Do\u00f1ana Acta Vertebrata"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.15915\/ref-6","first-page":"65","article-title":"Nest attendance influences the diet of nesting female spectacled caiman (Caiman crocodilus) in Central Amazonia, Brazil","volume":"26","author":"Bar\u00e3o-N\u00f3brega","year":"2016","journal-title":"Herpetological Journal"},{"article-title":"MuMIn: Multi-model inference. 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