{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:24:30Z","timestamp":1791415470151,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699401600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["821MS127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["821MS127"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Naringenin is a flavonoid extracted from the seed coat of <jats:italic>Anacardiaceae<\/jats:italic> plants. Increasing evidence indicates that it has several properties of biological significance, such as anti-infection, sterilization, anti-allergy, antioxidant free radical, and anti-tumor. However, its effect on osteoarthritis has not been elucidated properly. In this study, the treatment of primary chondrocytes with interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2 was found to increase the secretions of IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Further, the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase ((MMP)3, MMP9, and MMP13), the protein expression of Recombinant A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase With Thrombospondin 5 (ADAMTS5), and cell apoptosis increased; the protein expression of Collagen II decreased. The injury of primary chondrocytes induced by IL-1\u03b2 was reversed under the intervention of naringenin; this reversal was dose-dependent. The mechanistic study showed that naringenin inhibited the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)\/TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)\/NF-\u03baB pathway in IL-1\u03b2-stimulated primary cells, and LPS, a TLR4 activator, reversed this inhibitory effect. In addition, a mouse model of osteoarthritis was established and treated with naringenin. The results revealed that naringenin alleviated the pathological symptoms of osteoarthritis in mice, reduced the expression of TLR4 and TRAF6, and the phosphorylation of NF-\u03baB in knee cartilage tissue. It also inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors, reduced extracellular matrix degradation, and decreased the protein expression of cleaved caspase3. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that naringenin may be a potential option for the treatment of osteoarthritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.16307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T08:59:10Z","timestamp":1699433950000},"page":"e16307","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Naringenin attenuates inflammation and apoptosis of osteoarthritic chondrocytes via the TLR4\/TRAF6\/NF-\u03baB pathway"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hand Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengzhao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Surgery, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 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