{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T12:35:26Z","timestamp":1790944526549,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707177600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Low physical activity (PA) levels and low physical fitness (PF) have been reported in subjects with temporality-based chronic pain; however, it is unknown whether there are differences in subjects with nociplastic pain (NP) compared with subjects with non-nociplastic pain (NNP).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The aim was to compare the levels of PA and PF in patients with chronic, nociplastic, and non-nociplastic musculoskeletal pain.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This is an analytical, cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 30 patients receiving ambulatory physiotherapy treatment. Pain was classified as NP or NNP according to the International Association for the Study of Pain categorization system. The PA level was measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire\u2013Short Form, and the PF level was measured with the hand grip strength test (HGS) to assess upper limb strength, the five Repetition Sit-to-Stand Test (5R-SRTS) to assess lower limb strength and power, and the YMCA 3 Min Step Test (YMCA-3MST) to estimate peak VO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. The results were compared with independent samples t-tests (with <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05 considered significant). Cohen\u2019s d was calculated to determine the effect size.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The NP group reported a significantly lower PA level than the NNP group, specifically the vigorous PA (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.0009), moderate PA (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.0002), and total PA (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.005) dimensions. The NP group also showed significantly lower 5R-STS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.000) and HGS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.002) results compared with the NNP group. There were no significant differences in the YMCA-3MST between the NP and NNP groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.635).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>It is possible that the neurophysiological and neuromuscular changes related to NP are associated with a reduced ability to perform vigorous PA. Clinicians should identify the presence of NP comorbidities in conjunction with the diagnosis when establishing the therapeutic goals.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.16880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T08:23:55Z","timestamp":1707207835000},"page":"e16880","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Physical activity level and physical fitness in subjects with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Rojas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Master in Clinical Exercise Physiology, School of Kinesiology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Metropolitana, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Maule, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Orozco-Chavez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Maule, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.16880\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73395-4","article-title":"Relation between leg extension power and 30-s sit-to-stand muscle power in older adults: validation and translation to functional performance","volume":"10","author":"Alcazar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.16880\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2018.08.006","article-title":"The sit-to-stand muscle power test: an easy, inexpensive and portable procedure to assess muscle power in older people","volume":"112","author":"Alcazar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Experimental Gerontology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.16880\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8244","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44664-8","article-title":"The association between physical activity and low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"9","author":"Alzahrani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.7717\/peerj.16880\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmclc.2019.08.002","article-title":"DOLOR CR\u00d3NICO EN CHILE","volume":"30","author":"Bilbeny","year":"2019","journal-title":"Revista M\u00e9dica Cl\u00ednica Las Condes"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.16880\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1002\/msc.1191","article-title":"Exercise for chronic musculoskeletal pain: a biopsychosocial approach","volume":"15","author":"Booth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Musculoskeletal Care"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.16880\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933483","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2022.933483","article-title":"Treatments for kinesiophobia in people with chronic pain: a scoping review","volume":"16","author":"Bordeleau","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.16880\/ref-7","first-page":"126","article-title":"Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research","volume":"100","author":"Caspersen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Public Health Reports"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.7717\/peerj.16880\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzy030","article-title":"A mechanism-based approach to physical therapist management of pain","volume":"98","author":"Chimenti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.7717\/peerj.16880\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10770","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182010770","article-title":"Association between relative handgrip strength and chronic lower back pain: a nationwide cross-sectional analysis of the korea national health and nutrition examination survey","volume":"18","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.16880\/ref-10","volume-title":"Development of physical fitness center model. 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