{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T18:16:17Z","timestamp":1784916977728,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716854400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation","award":["2021-NCRC-CXJJ-PY-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-NCRC-CXJJ-PY-20"]}]},{"name":"The Dual Professor Cooperation Program \u201cDiagnosis of Knee Osteoarthritis Based on Deep Learning Measurement of Cartilage Thickness\u201d from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University"},{"name":"The Supported Project for \u201cNew Era Long Jiang Excellent Master\u2019s and Doctoral Thesis\u201d","award":["LJYXL2022-071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LJYXL2022-071"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease requiring additional research. This study compared gene expression and immune infiltration between lesioned and preserved subchondral bone. The results were validated using multiple tissue datasets and experiments.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the lesioned and preserved tibial plateaus of OA patients were identified in the <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/geo\/query\/acc.cgi?acc=GSE51588\">GSE51588<\/jats:ext-link> dataset. Moreover, functional annotation and protein\u2013protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were performed on the lesioned and preserved sides to explore potential therapeutic targets in OA subchondral bones. In addition, multiple tissues were used to screen coexpressed genes, and the expression levels of identified candidate DEGs in OA were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Finally, an immune infiltration analysis was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A total of 1,010 DEGs were identified, 423 upregulated and 587 downregulated. The biological process (BP) terms enriched in the upregulated genes included \u201cskeletal system development\u201d, \u201csister chromatid cohesion\u201d, and \u201cossification\u201d. Pathways were enriched in \u201cWnt signaling pathway\u201d and \u201cproteoglycans in cancer\u201d. The BP terms enriched in the downregulated genes included \u201cinflammatory response\u201d, \u201cxenobiotic metabolic process\u201d, and \u201cpositive regulation of inflammatory response\u201d. The enriched pathways included \u201cneuroactive ligand\u2013receptor interaction\u201d and \u201cAMP-activated protein kinase signaling\u201d. JUN, tumor necrosis factor <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, and interleukin-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> were the hub genes in the PPI network. Collagen XI A1 and leucine-rich repeat-containing 15 were screened from multiple datasets and experimentally validated. Immune infiltration analyses showed fewer infiltrating adipocytes and endothelial cells in the lesioned versus preserved samples.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Our findings provide valuable information for future studies on the pathogenic mechanism of OA and potential therapeutic and diagnostic targets.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.17417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T07:41:34Z","timestamp":1716882094000},"page":"e17417","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Gene expression and immune infiltration analysis comparing lesioned and preserved subchondral bone in osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Gang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Orthopedics 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rilige","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Big Data Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of PLA General Hospital,  Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17417\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106612","article-title":"Imperatorin suppresses IL-1\u03b2-induced iNOS expression via inhibiting ERK-MAPK\/AP1 signaling in primary human OA 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