{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T02:45:49Z","timestamp":1776998749821,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720483200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82102636"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82102636"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82272552"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82272552"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2022A1515012557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515012557"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023A1515030001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515030001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023A1515010403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A1515010403"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","award":["A2023009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A2023009"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010256","name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["202103000053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202103000053"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010256","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010256","name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023A04J0500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A04J0500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010256","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010256","name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024A04J3697"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A04J3697"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010256","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010256","name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024A04J10010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A04J10010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010256","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) in low back pain (LBP) patients are multiples. In this study, we attempt to investigate whether melatonergic system plays a potential role in IVDD patients with LBP by analyzing their clinical specimens. The fucus will be given to the correlation between the melatonin receptor expression and intervertebral disc tissue apoptosis.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In this clinical study, 107 lumbar intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus (NP) specimens from patients with LBP were collected with patients\u2019 consents. The disc height (DH) discrepancy ratio, range of motion and sagittal parameters of the pathological plane were measured and Pfirrmann grade was used to classified the grades of IVDD level. Discs at grades 1\u20133 were served as normal control and grades 4\u20135 were considered as IVDD. The expression levels of melatonin receptor 1A (MT1) and 1B (MT2) were measured by immunohistochemistry. The apoptosis of NP was assessed using TUNEL staining. Their potential associations among MT1\/2, DH, apoptosis, sagittal parameters with IVDD and LBP were evaluated with statistical analysis.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The incidence of IVDD was positively associated with age and negatively related to VAS scores for LBP (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Patients with higher degree of IVDD also have higher DH discrepancy ratio (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), higher prevalence of lumbar instability (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003) and higher cell apoptosis compared to the control. Nevertheless, no statistically significant correlation was identified between Pfirrmann grade and lumbar sagittal parameters. MT1 and MT2 both were highly expressed in the NP tissues. Importantly, MT1 expression but not MT2 was significantly increased in the intervertebral disc tissue of patients with IVDD and its level correlated well with cell apoptosis level and the severity of IVDD as well as lower VAS scores for LBP.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The highly elevated MT1 expression was found in NP tissues of patients with IVDD and LBP compared to the control. This phenomenon probably reflects the compensating response of the body to the pathological alteration of the IVDD and LBP. Therefore, these findings provide the novel information to use selective agonists of MT1 to target IVDD and LBP clinically.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.17464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T07:10:41Z","timestamp":1720509041000},"page":"e17464","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The role of melatonergic system in intervertebral disc degeneration and its association with low back pain: a clinical study"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Chong","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People\u2019s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zongyuan","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People\u2019s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengran","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People\u2019s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yifan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People\u2019s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People\u2019s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changxiang","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People\u2019s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongyu","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People\u2019s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongxiong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People\u2019s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 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