{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T13:01:35Z","timestamp":1791810095663,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723420800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Clinical Medicine Talents Training Program of Hebei Provincial Government","award":["361029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["361029"]}]},{"name":"Innovative Experiment Program for College Students of Hebei Medical University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The imbalance of oral microbiota can contribute to various oral disorders and potentially impact general health. Chronic alcohol consumption beyond a certain threshold has been implicated in influencing both the onset and progression of periodontitis. However, the mechanism by which chronic alcohol consumption affects periodontitis and its association with changes in the oral microbial community remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to examine the dynamic changes in the oral microbial community of rats with periodontitis influenced by chronic alcohol consumption.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to either a periodontitis (P) or periodontitis + alcohol (PA) group. The PA group had unrestricted access to alcohol for 10 weeks, while the P group had access to water only. Four weeks later, both groups developed periodontitis. After 10 weeks, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the rats\u2019 serum were measured. The oral swabs were obtained from rats, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted. Alveolar bone status was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin staining and micro-computed tomography.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Rats in the PA group exhibited more severe periodontal tissue damage compared to those in the periodontitis group. Although oral microbial diversity remained stable, the relative abundance of certain microbial communities differed significantly between the two groups. <jats:italic>Actinobacteriota<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Desulfobacterota<\/jats:italic> were more prevalent at the phylum level in the PA group. At the genus level, <jats:italic>Cutibacterium, Tissierella, Romboutsia, Actinomyces, Lawsonella, Anaerococcus,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1<\/jats:italic> were significantly more abundant in the PA group, while <jats:italic>Haemophilus<\/jats:italic> was significantly less abundant. Additionally, functional prediction using Tax4Fun revealed a significant enrichment of carbohydrate metabolism in the PA group.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Chronic alcohol consumption exacerbated periodontitis in rats and influenced the composition and functional characteristics of their oral microbiota, as indicated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing results. These microbial alterations may contribute to the exacerbation of periodontitis in rats due to chronic alcohol consumption.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.17795","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T09:33:09Z","timestamp":1723455189000},"page":"e17795","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of chronic alcohol consumption on oral microbiota in rats with periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Zirui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanqing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhui","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuanning","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2012.174","article-title":"The subgingival microbiome in health and periodontitis and its relationship with community biomass and inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Abusleme","year":"2013","journal-title":"The ISME Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02079-3","article-title":"Inflammatory bacteriome featuring Fusobacterium nucleatum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa identified in association with oral squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Al-Hebshi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13099-019-0341-6","article-title":"Microbial imbalance in inflammatory bowel disease patients at different taxonomic levels","volume":"12","author":"Alam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut Pathogens"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12062216","article-title":"The Firmicutes\/Bacteroidetes ratio as a risk factor of breast cancer","volume":"12","author":"An","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-023-00963-6","article-title":"The oral microbiome: diversity, biogeography and human health","volume":"22","author":"Baker","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Microbiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2771","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-021-04253-4","article-title":"Microbiome differences in periodontal, peri-implant, and healthy sites: a cross-sectional pilot study","volume":"26","author":"Barbagallo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clinical Oral Investigations"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2929","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.001122","article-title":"Lawsonella clevelandensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the suborder Corynebacterineae isolated from human abscesses","volume":"66","author":"Bell","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-021-00247-y","article-title":"Periodontitis associates with species-specific gene expression of the oral microbiota","volume":"7","author":"Belstr\u00f8m","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v8.i27.1128","article-title":"Implication of the intestinal microbiome in complications of cirrhosis","volume":"8","author":"Bhat","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Journal of Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e53028","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053028","article-title":"Metagenomic analyses of alcohol induced pathogenic alterations in the intestinal microbiome and the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG treatment","volume":"8","author":"Bull-Otterson","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"9_suppl","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110s","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034515576052","article-title":"Oral lactobacilli and dental caries: a model for niche adaptation in humans","volume":"94","author":"Caufield","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-818731-9.00065-3","article-title":"Infections caused by anaerobic microorganisms","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Infection and Immunity","author":"Cobo","year":"2022"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02061-17","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02061-17","article-title":"Insights into the evolution of host association through the isolation and characterization of a novel human periodontal pathobiont, Desulfobulbus oralis","volume":"9","author":"Cross","year":"2018","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12296","article-title":"The role of the microbiota in periodontal disease","volume":"83","author":"Curtis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0232731","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232731","article-title":"Chronic consumption of alcohol increases alveolar bone loss","volume":"15","author":"de Almeida","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5142","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23095142","article-title":"Impact of oral microbiome in periodontal health and periodontitis: a critical review on prevention and treatment","volume":"23","author":"Di Stefano","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-017-0359-2","article-title":"Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease","volume":"5","author":"Dubinkina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0448-x","article-title":"Drinking alcohol is associated with variation in the human oral microbiome in a large study of American adults","volume":"6","author":"Fan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-309595","article-title":"Tumour-associated and non-tumour-associated microbiota in colorectal cancer","volume":"66","author":"Flemer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.3389\/fragi.2022.916336","article-title":"Impact of alcohol-induced intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in a rodent model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Frausto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Aging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32152","article-title":"Periodontal pathogens are a risk factor of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, independent of tobacco and alcohol and human papillomavirus","volume":"145","author":"Ganly","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"suppl_2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S98","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ072","article-title":"Lactobacillus species: taxonomic complexity and controversial susceptibilities","volume":"60","author":"Goldstein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.20-0192","article-title":"Alcoholic beverage consumption, smoking habits, and periodontitis: a cross-sectional investigation of the NutriNet-Sant\u00e9 study","volume":"92","author":"Hamdi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.3109\/00016357.2013.770163","article-title":"Detection of sulphate-reducing bacteria in human saliva","volume":"71","author":"Heggendorn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Odontologica Scandinavica"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-022-03256-8","article-title":"High abundance of Lachnospiraceae in the human gut microbiome is related to high immunoscores in advanced colorectal cancer","volume":"72","author":"Hexun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-020-00524-w","article-title":"Microbiome composition comparison in oral and atherosclerotic plaque from patients with and without periodontitis","volume":"109","author":"Isoshima","year":"2021","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722495","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2021.722495","article-title":"Oral dysbiosis in severe forms of periodontitis is associated with gut dysbiosis and correlated with salivary inflammatory mediators: a preliminary study","volume":"2","author":"Kawamoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Oral Health"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11081041","article-title":"Genomic and phenotypic characterization of Cutibacterium acnes bacteriophages isolated from acne patients","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2024.107233","article-title":"The role of decision-making and impulsivity in beverage consumption","volume":"195","author":"Kulbida","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082347","article-title":"Sulfate-reducing bacteria of the oral cavity and their relation with periodontitis-recent advances","volume":"9","author":"Kushkevych","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0273523","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0273523","article-title":"Differences in the subgingival microbiome according to stage of periodontitis: a comparison of two geographic regions","volume":"17","author":"Lafaurie","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943427","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.943427","article-title":"Gut microbiota composition in prediabetes and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of observational studies","volume":"12","author":"Letchumanan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5729","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19095729","article-title":"The effects of alcohol drinking on oral microbiota in the chinese population","volume":"19","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-020-0006-7","article-title":"The effects of cigarettes and alcohol on intestinal microbiota in healthy men","volume":"58","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Microbiology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121399","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1121399","article-title":"Oral microbial dysbiosis in patients with periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051474","article-title":"The Firmicutes\/Bacteroidetes ratio: a relevant marker of gut dysbiosis in obese patients?","volume":"12","author":"Magne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11090977","article-title":"Bacteraemia caused by probiotic strains of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus-case studies highlighting the need for careful thought before using microbes for health benefits","volume":"11","author":"Mikucka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13129","article-title":"A safe level of alcohol consumption: the right answer demands the right question","volume":"288","author":"Mukamal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"10100","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2146160","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2146160","article-title":"Global prevalence of periodontal disease and lack of its surveillance","volume":"2020","author":"Nazir","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Scientific World Journal"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.965159","article-title":"Oral microbiota and periodontitis severity among Hispanic adults","volume":"12","author":"Ortiz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S173","DOI":"10.1002\/jper.17-0721","article-title":"Periodontitis: consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 world workshop on the classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions","volume":"89","author":"Papapanou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850s","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.3.850S","article-title":"Probiotic bacteria: legislative framework--requirements to evidence basis","volume":"137","author":"Pineiro","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Journal of Nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2078031","DOI":"10.1080\/20002297.2022.2078031","article-title":"The role of oral microbiome in periodontitis under diabetes mellitus","volume":"14","author":"Qin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Oral Microbiology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.593734","article-title":"Firmicutes levels in the mouth reflect the gut condition with respect to obesity and early childhood caries","volume":"11","author":"Rizzardi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103419","article-title":"Alcohol\u2019s impact on the cardiovascular system","volume":"13","author":"Roerecke","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000340","article-title":"Alcohol consumption and risk of liver cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"114","author":"Roerecke","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42818","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42818","article-title":"Distinct signatures of dental plaque metabolic byproducts dictated by periodontal inflammatory status","volume":"7","author":"Sakanaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12393","article-title":"The oral microbiome: role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease","volume":"87","author":"Sedghi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11071772","article-title":"Desulfovibrio in the gut: the enemy within?","volume":"11","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-30120-9_217","article-title":"The family Peptostreptococcaceae","volume-title":"The Prokaryotes","author":"Slobodkin","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-811079-9.00007-0","article-title":"Chapter 7-Gordonia and related genera as opportunistic human pathogens causing infections of skin, soft tissues, and bones","volume-title":"The Microbiology of Skin, Soft Tissue, Bone and Joint Infections","author":"Sowani","year":"2017"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12436","article-title":"Chronic alcohol consumption alters periodontal health in rats","volume":"38","author":"Surkin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13769","article-title":"Prevalence of periodontitis in dentate people between 2011 and 2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies","volume":"50","author":"Trindade","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Periodontology"},{"issue":"6596","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abn1890","article-title":"The effects of oral microbiota on health","volume":"376","author":"Tuganbaev","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2015.08.018","article-title":"Prevalence of Actinomyces spp. in patients with chronic periodontitis","volume":"305","author":"Vielkind","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13537","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13601-y","article-title":"Gut microbiome alterations in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Vogt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237r","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00092","article-title":"A uniquely altered oral microbiome composition was observed in pregnant rats with porphyromonas gingivalis induced periodontal disease","volume":"10","author":"Walkenhorst","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959416","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.959416","article-title":"Integrated analysis of the salivary microbiome and metabolome in chronic and aggressive periodontitis: a pilot study","volume":"13","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Microbiology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2228544","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.28544","article-title":"Association between changes in alcohol consumption and cancer risk","volume":"5","author":"Yoo","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19872","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76784-x","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the effect of binge drinking on the oral microbiome and its relation to Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"Yussof","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17795\/ref-61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1883382","DOI":"10.1080\/20002297.2021.1883382","article-title":"Differences in the oral and intestinal microbiotas in pregnant women varying in periodontitis and gestational diabetes mellitus conditions","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Oral Microbiology"}],"container-title":["PeerJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/17795.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/17795.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/17795.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/17795.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T09:33:21Z","timestamp":1723455201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/17795"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["10.7717\/peerj.17795"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.17795","archive":["CLOCKSS","LOCKSS","Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2167-8359"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2167-8359","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]]},"article-number":"e17795"}}