{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T19:21:51Z","timestamp":1792264911463,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722297600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"The National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No. U2004202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. U2004202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a hazardous metallic compound commonly used in industrial processes. The liver, responsible for metabolism and detoxification, is the main target organ of Cr(VI). Toxicity experiments were performed to investigate the impacts of low-dose exposure to Cr(VI) on rat livers. It was revealed that exposure of 0.05 mg\/kg potassium dichromate (K<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cr<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>) and 0.25 mg\/kg K<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cr<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub> notably increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the expressions of P-AMPK, P-ULK, PINK1, P-Parkin, and LC3II\/LC3I, and significantly reduced SOD activity and P-mTOR and P62 expression levels in liver. Electron microscopy showed that CR(VI) exposure significantly increased mitophagy and the destruction of mitochondrial structure. This study simulates the respiratory exposure mode of CR(VI) workers through intratracheal instillation of CR(VI) in rats. It confirms that autophagy in hepatocytes is induced by low concentrations of CR(VI) and suggest that the liver damage caused by CR(VI) may be associated with the AMPK-related PINK\/Parkin signaling pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.17837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T07:14:59Z","timestamp":1722323699000},"page":"e17837","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Low-dose hexavalent chromium induces mitophagy in rat liver via the AMPK-related PINK1\/Parkin signaling pathway"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ningning","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third People\u2019s Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanfa","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.7717\/peerj.17837\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327116680275","article-title":"S-Allyl cysteine alleviates inflammation by modulating the expression of NF- \u03baB during chromium (VI)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats","volume":"36","author":"Anandasadagopan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Human and Experimental Toxicology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17837\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105097","article-title":"Investigating mitochondrial autophagy by routine transmission electron microscopy: seeing is believing?","volume":"160","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacological Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17837\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113119","article-title":"Mechanism of chromium-induced toxicity in lungs, liver, and kidney and their ameliorative agents","volume":"151","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.17837\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2021.105045","article-title":"Occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium. 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