{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T05:16:20Z","timestamp":1740546980205,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740441600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud-Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social","award":["FIS\/IMSS\/PROT\/G16\/1573","FIS\/IMSS\/PROT\/PRIO\/13\/027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS\/IMSS\/PROT\/G16\/1573","FIS\/IMSS\/PROT\/PRIO\/13\/027"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study analyzed the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) effect on gastric cancer (GC) tumor samples from 21 Mexican patients, including diffuse (DGC) and intestinal (IGC) subtypes, as well as non-atrophic gastritis (NAG, control). Whole-genome high-density arrays were performed, and LOH regions were identified among the tissue samples. The differences in affected chromosomes were established among groups, with chromosomes 6 and 8 primarily affected in DGC and chromosomes 3, 16, and 17 in IGC. Functional pathway analysis revealed involvement in cancer-associated processes, such as signal transduction, immune response, and cellular metabolism. Five LOH-genes (IRAK1, IKBKG, PAK3, TKTL1, PRPS1) shared between GC and NAG suggest an early role in carcinogenesis. Specific genes were highlighted for Hallmarks of Cancer NAG-related genes (PTPRJ and NDUFS) were linked to cell proliferation and growth; IGC genes (GNAI2, RHOA, MAPKAPK3, MST1R) to genomic instability, metastasis, and arrest of cell death; and DGC genes to energy metabolism and immune evasion. These findings emphasize the role of LOH in GC pathogenesis and underscore the need for further research to understand LOH-affected genes and their diagnostic or evolution potential in cancer management. Portions of this text were previously published as part of a preprint (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2024.07.29.24311063v1\">https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2024.07.29.24311063v1<\/jats:ext-link>).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.18928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T08:09:32Z","timestamp":1740470972000},"page":"e18928","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of biopsies of gastric cancer, intestinal and diffuse, and non-atrophic gastritis: an overview of loss of heterozygosity in Mexican patients"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Violeta","family":"Larios-Serrato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biotecnolog\u00eda y Bioinform\u00e1tica Gen\u00f3mica\/Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hilda A.","family":"Valdez-Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias\/Unidad M\u00e9dica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Pediatr\u00eda \u2018Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund\u2019\/Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias\/Unidad M\u00e9dica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Pediatr\u00eda \u2018Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund\u2019\/Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Camorlinga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias\/Unidad M\u00e9dica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Pediatr\u00eda \u2018Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund\u2019\/Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Pi\u00f1a-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Enfermedades Oncol\u00f3gicas\/Unidad M\u00e9dica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Oncolog\u00eda\/Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Minauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Gen\u00e9tica Humana\/Unidad M\u00e9dica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Pediatr\u00eda \u2018Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund\u2019\/Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martha-Eugenia","family":"Ruiz-Tachiqu\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Enfermedades Oncol\u00f3gicas\/Unidad M\u00e9dica de Alta Especialidad-Hospital de Oncolog\u00eda\/Centro M\u00e9dico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, 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