{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:25:09Z","timestamp":1790882709375,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research and the College of Applied Medical Sciences Research Center at King Saud University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Assessment of eye parameters such as the white-to-white (WTW) corneal diameter, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and anterior chamber angle (ACA) are essential for preoperative evaluation of refractive surgery and diagnosing and managing some ocular diseases.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To report the distribution and association between white-to-white corneal diameter and anterior chamber parameters in the Saudi adult population.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Cross-sectional prospective study consisting of 82 Saudi adults. White-to-white corneal diameter, anterior chamber angle, anterior chamber depth, and axial length were collected from healthy subjects using the Pentacam AXL Wave in a tertiary eye care setting.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Mean white-to-white corneal diameter, anterior chamber angle, anterior chamber depth, and axial length were 11.95 \u00b1 0.39 mm, 37.94 \u00b1 5.01\u00b0, 2.97 \u00b1 0.31 mm and 23.93 \u00b1 0.97 mm, respectively. A significant moderate correlation was found between white-to-white corneal diameter and anterior chamber angle (r = 0.31, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.01), anterior chamber depth (r = 0.49, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.01), and axial length (r = 0.50, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.01) and between anterior chamber angle and anterior chamber depth (r = 0.71, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.01). Furthermore, age was moderately correlated with anterior chamber angle (r = 0.44, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> 0.01) and anterior chamber depth (r = 0.39, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> 0.01) and weakly correlated with white-to-white corneal diameter (r =0.17, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.12). Males had a significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) higher white-to-white corneal diameter (12.12 \u00b1 0.38 mm) than females (11.84 \u00b1 0.36.mm).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Reference values for white-to-white corneal diameter and anterior chamber parameters would help eye care professionals choose the right lenses for cataract and refractive surgeries as well as in diagnosing glaucoma and corneal disorders.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.19227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T09:49:04Z","timestamp":1743500944000},"page":"e19227","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Measurements of white-to-white corneal diameter and anterior chamber parameters using the Pentacam AXL wave and their correlations in the adult Saudi population"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Wafa 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