{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T19:42:57Z","timestamp":1789760577740,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Northwest Normal University Graduate Research Grant Program","award":["2023KYZZ\u2014B036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023KYZZ\u2014B036"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Previous studies have shown that intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder (OCD) are closely interrelated. This reliance on scale totals to measure symptom severity obscures the distinctions and connections between different symptoms. In the present study, we explored the relationships between different components of IU and symptoms of OCD.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We recruited 1,616 participants and retained 1,529 pieces of valid data. Components of IU were measured by the Chinese version of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Short Form, and symptoms of OCD were measured by the Chinese version of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised. The present study employs network analysis to examine both core and bridging symptoms within the context of the IU and OCD networks.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In the overall network, the nodes with the highest expected influence (EI) were OCD3 (\u201cI get upset if things don\u2019t work out\u201d), IU6 (\u201cI can\u2019t stand being taken by surprise\u201d), and OCD6 (\u201cIt\u2019s hard for me to control my thoughts\u201d). The nodes with the highest bridge expected influence (BEI) were OCD3 (\u201cI get upset if things don\u2019t work out\u201d), OCD9 (\u201cI get upset when people change my plans\u201d), and IU12 (\u201cI must get away from all uncertain situations\u201d). Within the IU community, the strongest edge was between IU1 (\u201cUnforeseen events upset me greatly\u201d) and IU2 (\u201cIt frustrates me not having all the information I need\u201d). Within the OCD community, the strongest edge was between OCD10 (\u201cI force myself to repeat certain numbers\u201d) and OCD11 (\u201cSometimes, I force myself to bathe or wash myself because I feel dirty\u201d). The strongest edge connecting the IU and OCD communities was between IU10 (\u201cWhen I am uncertain I can\u2019t function very well\u201d) and OCD6 (\u201cIt\u2019s hard for me to control my thoughts\u201d). No significant gender differences were found in the network structure.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This study revealed specific component\u2013symptom patterns between different facets of intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and various obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Understanding how distinct components of IU\u2014an assumed risk factor\u2014relate to specific OCD symptoms may inform targeted prevention and intervention strategies. For example, interventions aimed at OCD3, IU6, OCD9, and IU12 may effectively reduce the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms among Chinese university students, enhance their ability to cope with uncertainty, and help disrupt the reciprocal influence between IU components and OCD symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.19791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T08:47:39Z","timestamp":1753951659000},"page":"e19791","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Relationships between different components of intolerance of uncertainty and symptoms of obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: a network analysis"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"XiaoBin","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"},{"name":"Mental Health Education Centre, Nanchong Vocational and Technical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Teacher Education, Nanchong Vocational and Technical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ShuChan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JingYi","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"},{"name":"School of Architecture, Chengdu Jincheng College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, The Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China"},{"name":"School of Education, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.19791\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102354","article-title":"The OCI-4: An ultra-brief screening scale for obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"78","author":"Abramovitch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"9688","key":"10.7717\/peerj.19791\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60240-3","article-title":"Obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"374","author":"Abramowitz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.19791\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.05.061","article-title":"Network analysis of depression, anxiety, insomnia and quality of life among Macau residents during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"311","author":"Bai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.7717\/peerj.19791\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713003243","article-title":"The global burden of anxiety disorders in 2010","volume":"44","author":"Baxter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.19791\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2008.04.007","article-title":"Intolerance of uncertainty and social anxiety","volume":"23","author":"Boelen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.19791\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20375","article-title":"A network theory of mental disorders","volume":"16","author":"Borsboom","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.19791\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2020.102293","article-title":"What is the internal structure of intolerance of uncertainty? 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