{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T02:03:45Z","timestamp":1781143425641,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756425600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Jiande Science and Technology Program Development Project","award":["No. 2023SJZX31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2023SJZX31"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This study analyzed the risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic> bloodstream infections and co-occurring renal insufficiency. A nomogram prediction model was constructed to aid in clinical diagnosis and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Data were retrospectively collected from patients admitted to the First People\u2019s Hospital of Jiande with positive blood culture results of <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic> combined with renal insufficiency. Patients were divided into survival and death groups according to clinical outcome, and independent risk factors for poor prognosis were screened using a multifactorial logistic regression analysis. A nomogram was subsequently established and validated.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The following risk factors and conditions were significantly associated with a higher patient mortality rate: male sex; admission to the ICU; comorbidity with shock, respiratory failure, coma, pneumonia, or leukaemia; the presence of <jats:italic> carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic> (CRE) organisms; anaemia; thrombocytopenia; elevated D-dimer; hypo-proteinaemia; and hypocalcaemia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis suggested that shock, respiratory failure, and CRE bacterial bloodstream infection were independent risk factors for mortality in these patients.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This study established a nomogram prediction model of risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with renal insufficiency combined with <jats:italic> Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic> bloodstream infection. This tool can assist clinicians in assessing patient prognosis at an early stage and, therefore, allow for more efficient intervention measures to reduce patient morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.19993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T08:54:33Z","timestamp":1756457673000},"page":"e19993","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Analysis of risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with renal insufficiency combined with <i>Enterobacteriaceae<\/i> bloodstream infection: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yunpeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People\u2019s Hospital of Jiande, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jijing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory 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