{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T21:45:15Z","timestamp":1792619115314,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760918400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>To elucidate the relative efficacy of diverse exercise modalities for migraine and quantify the optimal therapeutic dosage.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A systematic search was conducted across four electronic databases from their inception to May 2025. Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and risk of bias assessment. A multilevel network meta-analysis (ML-NMA) integrated with a dose-response analysis was employed to comprehensively compare these interventions.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Twenty-seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01,611) were included. The most effective interventions were combined aerobic+resistance exercise (<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0\u2212\u00a01.85, 95% credible interval (CrI): [\u22122.53 to \u22121.18]; surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) = 0.91), followed by resistance exercise (<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0\u2212\u00a01.45, 95% CrI [\u22121.79 to \u22121.10]; SUCRA = 0.81), yoga (<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0\u2212\u00a00.35, 95% CrI [\u22120.63 to \u22120.06]; SUCRA = 0.49), and tai chi (<jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0\u2212\u00a00.48, 95% CrI [\u22120.91 to \u22120.05]; SUCRA = 0.46). The dose-response analysis identified an optimal therapeutic window of 300-600 metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-min\/week, an intensity of 4.5\u20135.5 METs, and a duration of 8\u201310 weeks. The overall certainty of evidence was rated from very low to low.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Combined aerobic+resistance exercise, resistance exercise, tai chi, and yoga represent promising therapeutic options for migraine. The optimal dose was identified as approximately 70\u2013135 minutes of moderate-intensity or 45\u201390 minutes of vigorous-intensity activity weekly, for 8\u201310 weeks. These findings, however, must be interpreted with caution due to the low quality of the underlying evidence.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.20254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T08:56:01Z","timestamp":1760950561000},"page":"e20254","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Efficacy and optimal dosage of various exercises for migraine: a multilevel network and dose-response meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yupeng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, China University of Mining Technology, Beijing, 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