{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T23:33:12Z","timestamp":1768519992779,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Down syndrome is associated with muscular hypotonia and feeding problems. The aim was to assess whether postural alterations during mastication had an impact on body composition, food intake and consumption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Descriptive cross-sectional study with 48 participants (8\u201345 years). The OMES-E protocol, anthropometric measurements of body composition and 72 h\/3 days intake recording were used.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 35.4% of participants reported being overweight or obese. Statistically significant differences were found in body mass index (BMI) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.022) and body fat percentage (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.005), both being lower in those participants with postural alteration during mastication. Likewise, a significant relationship was observed between saturated fat intake and postural alteration (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.008). Vitamin D intake was lower than the recommended levels in 77.1% of the participants and vitamin E in 95.8%. Phosphorus (P), iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) were consumed in excess by more than 50% of the sample, especially among those with postural alteration during mastication (58.3%, 45.8% and 45.8%, respectively). As for the food groups, significant differences were recorded in beef consumption, with higher intake in the group with postural alteration.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals with Down syndrome tend to present obesity and\/or overweight. Those with a lower BMI and fat percentage presented postural alterations during mastication, associated with a lower overall intake than those without postural alterations. A higher intake of proteins, fats, and B-group vitamins was shown, which points to dietary behaviors that warrant closer attention due to their potential health implications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.20597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T08:35:34Z","timestamp":1768466134000},"page":"e20597","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of posture during mastication on body composition and nutritional intake in individuals with Down syndrome"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sonia","family":"Ca\u00f1izares Prado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology \u201cJos\u00e9 Mat\u00e1ix\u201d, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Down Syndrome Association of Granada, Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2516-5226","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jorge","family":"Molina-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology \u201cJos\u00e9 Mat\u00e1ix\u201d, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Trinidad","family":"Moya Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Down Syndrome Association of Granada, Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Planells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology \u201cJos\u00e9 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