{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T14:32:35Z","timestamp":1786372355505,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769644800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Spark Scientific Research Project of The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University","award":["No. XH202514"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. XH202514"]}]},{"name":"Medical Science Research Project of Hebei","award":["No. 20250372"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 20250372"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Urological complications following renal transplantation (RT) remain a significant clinical challenge. The role of ureteral stents in mitigating these complications is a subject of ongoing debate. This study aimed to assess whether ureteral stents improve clinical outcomes in RT, comparing stented and non-stented anastomosis techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An extensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System from inception to November 26, 2025, following the PRISMA and AMSTAR standards. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024557423). The primary outcomes were urological mechanical complications (UMCs) and urinary tract infections (UTIs), whereas the secondary outcomes included hematuria, graft rejection, renal function, cost-effectiveness, stent-related complications, and quality of life (QOL). The Mantel-Haenszel test was used to calculate pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixteen RCTs involving 2,486 patients met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis revealed that the stent group had a significantly lower incidence of urine leakage (RR = 0.25, 95% CI [0.13\u20130.47]) and ureteral obstruction or stricture (RR = 0.42, 95% CI [0.25\u20130.71]) compared to the non-stent group. However, the incidence of UTIs was higher in the stent group (RR = 1.41, 95% CI [1.08\u20131.84]). No significant differences were observed in hematuria, graft rejection, or renal function between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Routine ureteral stent placement in RT significantly reduces the incidence of UMCs despite potentially increasing the risk of UTIs. This balance between benefits and risks supports the continued use of ureteral stents in RT, pending further high-quality studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.20665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T08:18:21Z","timestamp":1769674701000},"page":"e20665","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Do ureteral stents improve clinical outcomes in renal transplantation? A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing stented and non-stented anastomosis techniques"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shengnan","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Qinghe People Hospital, Qinghe, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxiong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.16799","article-title":"Robot-assisted vs open kidney transplantation from deceased donors","volume":"136","author":"Afferi","year":"2025","journal-title":"BJU International"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.12301","article-title":"Ureterovesical anastomotic techniques for kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Alberts","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transplant International"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-017-0553-2","article-title":"Renal association clinical practice guideline in post-operative care in the kidney transplant recipient","volume":"18","author":"Baker","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Nephrology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-4","first-page":"2593","article-title":"Renal transplantation using ureteral stents","volume":"27","author":"Bassiri","year":"1995","journal-title":"Transplantation Proceedings"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)65647-7","article-title":"Insertion of a double pigtail ureteral stent for the prevention of urological complications in renal transplantation: a prospective randomized study","volume":"156","author":"Benoit","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal D Urologie"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1177\/15533506211007268","article-title":"Isiris\u2122 for ureteric stent removal in renal transplantation: an initial single-centre experience of 150 cases","volume":"28","author":"Doherty","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surgical Innovation"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200008270-00011","article-title":"Is routine ureteric stenting needed in kidney transplantation? A randomized trial","volume":"70","author":"Dominguez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-8","first-page":"540","article-title":"Routine ureteric stenting in kidney transplantation, a randomized trial (Chinese)","volume":"17","author":"Dong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Urology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-9","first-page":"101","article-title":"The double J stent: its impact on the urological complications in live-related renal transplantation","volume":"14","author":"Guleria","year":"1998","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Urology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2010.04.016","article-title":"Kidney transplant ureteroneocystostomy techniques and complications: review of the literature","volume":"42","author":"Kayler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transplantation Proceedings"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.MESOT2018.P14","article-title":"Incidence of urinary complications with double J stents in kidney transplantation","volume":"17","author":"K\u0131rnap","year":"2019","journal-title":"Experimental and Clinical Transplantation"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2995","DOI":"10.1016\/s0041-1345(98)00902-6","article-title":"Significance of routine JJ stenting in living related renal transplantation: a prospective randomised study","volume":"30","author":"Kumar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transplantation Proceedings"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764167","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2021.764167","article-title":"Developments in ureteral stent technology","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Surgery"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13491","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13491","article-title":"Antibiotic prophylaxis for ureteral stent removal after kidney transplantation","volume":"33","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clinical Transplantation"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.53350\/pjmhs22164353","article-title":"Comparison of outcome of renal transplant with and without double J stenting","volume":"16","author":"Majeed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2005.01.083","article-title":"Effect of routine insertion of a double-J stent after living related renal transplantation","volume":"37","author":"Moray","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplantation Proceedings"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-17","first-page":"1063","article-title":"Can the double-J ureteric stent be dispensed? A prospective randomized study in renal transplant recipients","volume":"4","author":"Murthy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Austin Journal of Nephrology and Hypertension"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.13638","article-title":"Stenting the ureteroneocystostomy reduces urological complications in kidney transplantation: a noninferiority randomized controlled trial, SPLINT trial","volume":"33","author":"Ooms","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transplant International"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2004.11.050","article-title":"Routine insertion of ureteral stent in live-donor renal transplantation: is it worthwhile?","volume":"65","author":"Osman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-21","first-page":"1091","article-title":"Urologic complications after renal transplantation: a prospective randomized trial comparing different techniques of ureteric anastomosis and the use of prophylactic ureteric stents","volume":"27","author":"Pleass","year":"1995","journal-title":"Transplantation Proceedings"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2005.08.006","article-title":"Comparing Taguchi and Lich-Gregoir ureterovesical reimplantation techniques for kidney transplants","volume":"168","author":"Secin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal D Urologie"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"j4008","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j4008","article-title":"AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both","volume":"358","author":"Shea","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2006.01597.x","article-title":"Cold ischemia time and allograft outcomes in live donor renal transplantation: is live donor organ transport feasible?","volume":"7","author":"Simpkins","year":"2007","journal-title":"American Journal of Transplantation"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11081456","article-title":"A current review of the etiology, clinical features, and diagnosis of urinary tract infection in renal transplant patients","volume":"11","author":"Su\u00e1rez\u00a0Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.01.152","article-title":"Impact of stents on urological complications and health care expenditure in renal transplant recipients: results of a prospective, randomized clinical trial","volume":"177","author":"Tavakoli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal D Urologie"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2024.12.005","article-title":"Robot-assisted kidney transplantation: the 8-year European experience","volume":"87","author":"Territo","year":"2025","journal-title":"European Urology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11061620","article-title":"The impact of cold ischaemia time on outcomes of living donor kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Van\u00a0de Laar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.4103\/ijot.ijot_16_25","article-title":"Prospective randomized analysis of stented versus nonstented ureterovesical anastomosis in patients undergoing kidney transplant","volume":"19","author":"Vinayak","year":"2025","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Transplantation"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8050689","article-title":"Timing of ureteric stent removal and occurrence of urological complications after kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Visser","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-31","first-page":"1813","article-title":"Clinical observation of routine placement of double-J stents in 50 cases of renal transplantation surgery (Chinese)","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chongqing Medicine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2024.113916","article-title":"Recent developments in ureteral stent: substrate material, coating polymer and technology, therapeutic function","volume":"238","author":"Wen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD004925","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004925.pub3","article-title":"Routine intraoperative ureteric stenting for kidney transplant recipients","volume":"6","author":"Wilson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-34","first-page":"1207","article-title":"Urological complications with and without double J stenting renal transplant patients\u2014a single center experience","volume":"4","author":"Zaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"PJMHS"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.7717\/peerj.20665\/ref-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34516","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000034516","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of tralokinumab in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"102","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicine"}],"container-title":["PeerJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/20665.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/20665.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/20665.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/20665.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T08:18:25Z","timestamp":1769674705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/20665"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["10.7717\/peerj.20665"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.20665","archive":["CLOCKSS","LOCKSS","Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2167-8359"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2167-8359","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"article-number":"e20665"}}