{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T08:48:43Z","timestamp":1782290923211,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emerging evidence suggests a strong pathophysiological link between osteoporosis (OP), characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD), and cardiovascular disease. Biomarkers such as the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, while primarily linked to cardiovascular risk, may also reflect the metabolic dysregulation seen in OP. Similarly, inflammatory markers including neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and neutrophil-monocyte ratio (NMR), along with ratios like lymphocyte\/HDL-C, monocyte\/HDL-C, and granulocyte\/HDL-C have been suggested as potential diagnostic tools. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic discrimination of these accessible biomarkers for postmenopausal OP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis was performed on 387 postmenopausal women who underwent bone densitometry between 2021 and 2025. Data on body mass index (BMI), T-scores, age, menopause duration, and relevant laboratory parameters were collected. Inflammatory and biochemical indices were calculated using established formulas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Age and menopause duration were significantly higher in the OP group compared to the normal and osteopenia groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). Conversely, the median femoral neck T-score (FN-T) was significantly lower in the OP group. Among the biomarkers, only the monocyte\/HDL-C ratio was significantly lower in the OP group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated poor diagnostic discrimination for the monocyte\/HDL-C ratio (AUC: 0.608), while all other biomarkers were non-significant (AUC\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.6).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Even the statistically significant monocyte\/HDL-C ratio failed to achieve clinically acceptable discriminatory ability. Consequently, these biomarkers cannot be recommended as standalone screening tools for postmenopausal osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.21311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T08:20:23Z","timestamp":1782289223000},"page":"e21311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of inflammatory and cardiovascular-related indices as potential markers for postmenopausal osteoporosis\u2014a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Alihan","family":"Tigli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Band\u0131rma Onyedi Eyl\u00fcl University,  Band\u0131rma, Bal\u0131kesir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yakup","family":"Baykus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Band\u0131rma Onyedi Eyl\u00fcl University,  Band\u0131rma, Bal\u0131kesir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazli","family":"Sener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Band\u0131rma Onyedi Eyl\u00fcl University,  Band\u0131rma, Bal\u0131kesir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasemin Ercan","family":"De\u00adgirmenci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Band\u0131rma Onyedi Eyl\u00fcl University,  Band\u0131rma, Bal\u0131kesir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guzide Ece","family":"Akinci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic, Band\u0131rma Training and Research Hospital, Band\u0131rma, Bal\u0131kesir, 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