{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T09:07:36Z","timestamp":1780304856870,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sports Culture Development Center of the General Administration of Sport of China","award":["24BSE07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24BSE07"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children and adolescent football players are at increased risk of sports-related injuries due to ongoing physical and neuromuscular development. Although various injury prevention programs have been proposed, evidence regarding their effectiveness in these populations remains limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of structured injury prevention programs in reducing overall and site-specific injury incidence among youth football players.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted across Cochrane Library, PubMed, EBSCO, Embase, and Web of Science. Eligible studies included football players aged 3\u201318 years receiving structured injury prevention interventions. The primary outcome was overall injury incidence, and secondary outcomes included lower-limb, knee, ankle, muscle, hip\/groin, contact, and non-contact injuries. Pooled estimates were calculated as incidence rate ratios (IRRs) based on exposure hours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nine RCTs involving 16,636 participants and 1,248,381 exposure hours were included. Injury prevention programs significantly reduced overall injury incidence (IRR = 0.62, 95.0% CI [0.49\u20130.78];\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a080.0%). Significant reductions were also observed for lower-limb (IRR = 0.68), knee (IRR = 0.67), and ankle injuries (IRR = 0.72). Muscle (IRR = 0.62) and hip\/groin injuries (IRR = 0.51) showed lower incidence rates, although the latter was not statistically significant. Reductions were also observed for contact (IRR = 0.71) and non-contact injuries (IRR = 0.73). Subgroup analysis indicated a stronger effect among children (IRR = 0.54) compared with adolescents (IRR = 0.68).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Injury prevention programs are associated with reduced overall and several site-specific injury risks in youth football players. However, evidence for less frequently reported outcomes remains limited and should be interpreted cautiously. Further high-quality, long-term trials are needed to improve the precision of these findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.21319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T08:34:36Z","timestamp":1780302876000},"page":"e21319","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness of sports injury prevention programs for adolescent and children football players: a meta-analysis and systematic review"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"HongYu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Football, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianming","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, 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