{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:23:10Z","timestamp":1786116190753,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central China Normal Universities","award":["CCNU24XJ029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCNU24XJ029"]}]},{"name":"The Natural Science Foundation Innovation Development Joint Fund of Hubei Provincial","award":["No. 2025AFD665"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2025AFD665"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a prevalent spinal deformity that impairs physical function and quality of life. While supervised exercise is recommended for moderate cases, its effectiveness remains debated. This meta-analysis evaluates the impact of exercise therapy on Cobb angle, trunk rotation (ATR), and quality of life (QoL) in AIS patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases from inception to October 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating exercise in AIS. Study quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. Data synthesis involved pooling effect sizes, conducting subgroup analyses, and assessing publication bias using Stata 18.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 26 studies (21 RCT and five controlled trials) were included in the meta-analysis. The exercise intervention demonstrated statistically significant improvements across multiple functional domains: reduced the Cobb angle (\n                      <jats:italic>Hedge\u2019s<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1.22, 95% CI [0.90\u20131.53]), improved the ATR (\n                      <jats:italic>Hedge\u2019s<\/jats:italic>\n                      systematically searched 1.25, 95% CI [0.74\u20131.76]), and enhanced QoL (\n                      <jats:italic>Hedge\u2019s<\/jats:italic>\n                      systematically searched 0.73, 95% CI [0.38\u20131.09]). Subgroup analyses further indicated that Schroth-based training (\n                      <jats:italic>Hedge\u2019s<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1.304) and combined approaches (\n                      <jats:italic>e.g.<\/jats:italic>\n                      , exercise with orthotic management) yielded the most favorable outcomes. Importantly, both short-term (\u226412 weeks, 1\u20132 sessions\/week) and long-term (\u226525 weeks, \u22655 sessions\/week) intervention durations demonstrated significant clinical efficacy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exercise therapy demonstrates significant potential as a fundamental conservative intervention for improving spinal morphology, function, and quality of life in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. The current evidence supports its integration into primary clinical management protocols. Future research should focus on conducting multi-center randomized controlled trials to validate long-term efficacy and to establish optimal, individualized intervention protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.21355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T08:05:01Z","timestamp":1786003501000},"page":"e21355","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of exercise interventions on adolescents with mild to moderate scoliosis: a meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Qing","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengli","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenxu","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Academy of Fine Arts, Shijiazhuang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tenghao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21355\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-261","article-title":"CONTRAIS: CONservative TReatment for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: a randomised controlled trial protocol","volume":"14","author":"Abbott","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21355\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200301010-00015","article-title":"The reliability and concurrent validity of the scoliosis research society-22 patient questionnaire for idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"28","author":"Asher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21355\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd010663","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010663.pub2","article-title":"Surgical versus non-surgical interventions in people with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"2015","author":"Bettany-Saltikov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21355\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2014.01.020","article-title":"Improving the measurement of health-related quality of life in adolescent with idiopathic scoliosis: the SRS-7, a Rasch-developed short form of the SRS-22 questionnaire","volume":"35","author":"Caronni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21355\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.23.07654-2","article-title":"The effectiveness of Schroth method in Cobb angle, quality of life and trunk rotation angle in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Ceballos-Laita","year":"2023","journal-title":"European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21355\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e582\u2013e589","DOI":"10.5546\/aap.2018.eng.e582","article-title":"Effects of corrective, therapeutic exercise techniques on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. 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