{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T15:19:54Z","timestamp":1787843994011,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":148,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Jiangsu Forestry Science and Technology Innovation and Promotion Project","award":["LYKJ [2021] 02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LYKJ [2021] 02"]}]},{"name":"The Scientific Research Project of the Education Department of Anhui Province","award":["2025AHGXSK50068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025AHGXSK50068"]}]},{"name":"The Scientific Research Projects in Higher Education Institutions in Anhui Province","award":["2022AH051339"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022AH051339"]}]},{"name":"The \u201cJBGS\u201d Project of Seed Industry Revitalization in Jiangsu Province","award":["JBGS [2021] 091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JBGS [2021] 091"]}]},{"name":"The Special Fund for Basic Research Funds of Public Welfare Research Institutes of the Central Government","award":["1630062023009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1630062023009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Rosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, as one of the most economically and ornamentally valuable flower groups worldwide, not only occupy a core position in the horticultural industry but also possess long-term substantial value for breeding applications. However, their production systems rely heavily on disease management. The persistent threats of fungal diseases, including black spot, powdery mildew, and gray mold, have severely impaired the ornamental quality and commercial value of rose plants, constituting a major constraint on the stable development of the rose industry. Compared with conventional hybrid breeding, molecular breeding allows targeted modification of specific heritable traits and plays a pivotal role in the development of disease-resistant rose cultivars. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of genomics, transcriptomics, and functional genomics, a growing number of gene resources and regulatory mechanisms associated with disease resistance in\n                    <jats:italic>Rosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    species have been progressively elucidated. This review systematically summarizes the pathogen characteristics, disease symptoms, and damage patterns of major fungal diseases affecting\n                    <jats:italic>Rosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, with a particular focus on research progress in disease-resistance-related transcription factors (\n                    <jats:italic>e.g<\/jats:italic>\n                    ., WRKY, MYB, and bZIP), resistance genes (\n                    <jats:italic>e.g<\/jats:italic>\n                    ., Rdr, MLO, and CPR), and key gene families identified from\n                    <jats:italic>Rosa chinensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Rosa hybrida<\/jats:italic>\n                    materials. In addition, by integrating research evidence from model plants and major crops, this review comparatively analyzes the functional evolution of different regulatory factors and their underlying disease resistance mechanisms, thereby improving the understanding of the molecular regulatory network governing disease resistance in\n                    <jats:italic>Rosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. Furthermore, this review outlines the current applications and future potential of emerging molecular breeding technologies, such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)\/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9), in the functional dissection of resistance genes and precise genetic improvement of roses. By systematically synthesizing major research achievements in the disease resistance of\n                    <jats:italic>Rosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, this review summarizes the current progress and existing challenges in relevant research and proposes future research directions for resistance gene mining, molecular regulatory network elucidation, and molecular design breeding. This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of disease resistance and the breeding of new highly resistant cultivars of\n                    <jats:italic>Rosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    species.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.21666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:45:43Z","timestamp":1787841943000},"page":"e21666","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Advances and prospects in fungal disease resistance breeding of roses"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xudong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Funan Rural Revitalization Collaborative Technology Service Center, Fuyang, Anhui, China"},{"name":"Characteristic Flower Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyue","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Funan Rural Revitalization Collaborative Technology Service Center, Fuyang, Anhui, China"},{"name":"Characteristic Flower Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1731-2746","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xueduo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Funan Rural Revitalization Collaborative Technology Service Center, Fuyang, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Funan Rural Revitalization Collaborative Technology Service Center, Fuyang, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Characteristic Flower Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China"},{"name":"Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Funan Rural Revitalization Collaborative Technology Service Center, Fuyang, Anhui, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changbing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Characteristic Flower Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China"},{"name":"Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21666\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.12049","article-title":"A mutation in the expansin-like A2 gene enhances resistance to necrotrophic fungi and hypersensitivity to abiotic stress in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"14","author":"Abuqamar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Molecular Plant Pathology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21666\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9319","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07188-7","article-title":"The powdery 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