{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T15:32:20Z","timestamp":1789659140432,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National funds through the Foundation for Science and Technology, under the project UID\/04923","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/053528t47","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Human balance and body orientation are regulated by the postural control system, which plays a critical role in stability, particularly with advancing age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study examined the effects of a sensorimotor training program on postural control in older adults (55\u201380 years), investigating how targeted exercise may influence postural regulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 86 community-dwelling individuals aged 55 and 80 years participated in the study and were randomly assigned to a Control Group (CG,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a043; average age: 73.50\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.08 years) and an Experimental Group (EG,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a043; average age: 72.40\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.03 years). The intervention lasted six months, with sessions twice a week, and consisted of six exercise circuits focused on sensorimotor stimulation. Each circuit included eight physical exercises, progressively adjusted in difficulty over time, according to predefined performance-based criteria and under the supervision of a trained instructor to ensure appropriate individual adaptation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) analyses adjusted for baseline values revealed selective between-group differences. Approximate Entropy (ApEn) showed a significant effect in mediolateral sway under eyes-open conditions (ApEn_ML_OE:\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a08.7,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.004,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.10). Lyapunov Exponent (LyE) showed significant effects under eyes-closed conditions in both anteroposterior and mediolateral directions (LyE_AP_CE:\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a04.0,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.049; LyE_ML_CE:\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a013.6,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.001), indicating improved local dynamic stability. No significant between-group differences were observed for Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA). Substantial inter-individual variability was observed across participants.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sensorimotor training was associated with selective changes in nonlinear postural control measures, particularly under reduced visual input. However, responses were heterogeneous, indicating that effects were not uniform across individuals. These findings suggest that targeted exercise interventions may modulate specific aspects of postural control in older adults, with potential relevance for balance regulation and fall prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.21706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T08:00:22Z","timestamp":1789632022000},"page":"e21706","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of postural control through nonlinear methods in older adults: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Carolina A.","family":"Cabo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Desporto e Sa\u00fade, Escola de Sa\u00fade e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Escola Superior de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Polit\u00e9cnica de Set\u00fabal, Set\u00fabal, Portugal"},{"name":"Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (SPRINT), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Santar\u00e9m, Rio Maior, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio C.","family":"Espada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Escola Superior de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Polit\u00e9cnica de Set\u00fabal, Set\u00fabal, Portugal"},{"name":"Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (SPRINT), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Santar\u00e9m, Rio Maior, Portugal"},{"name":"Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), Universidade Polit\u00e9cnica de Set\u00fabal, Set\u00fabal, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro Interdisciplinar para o Estudo da Performance Humana (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose A.","family":"Parraca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Desporto e Sa\u00fade, Escola de Sa\u00fade e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Fit Generation Research Institute,  Andorra la Vella, Andorra"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Desporto e Sa\u00fade, Escola de Sa\u00fade e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Fisioterapia, Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Desporto e Sa\u00fade, Escola de Sa\u00fade e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orlando","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Desporto e Sa\u00fade, Escola de Sa\u00fade e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.110032","article-title":"Using nonlinear dynamic analysis to differentiate fall status in older women","volume":"124","author":"Amirpourabasi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Gait & Posture"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-4-12","article-title":"Fractal time series analysis of postural stability in elderly and control subjects","volume":"4","author":"Amoud","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1590\/1809-2950\/14362423012016","article-title":"Impacto do treinamento sens\u00f3rio-motor com plataforma vibrat\u00f3ria no equil\u00edbrio e na mobilidade funcional de um indiv\u00edduo idoso com sequela de acidente vascular encef\u00e1lico: Relato de caso","volume":"23","author":"Bacha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fisioterapia e Pesquisa"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11010086","article-title":"An active retirement programme, a randomized controlled trial of a sensorimotor training programme for older adults: a study protocol","volume":"11","author":"Cabo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1007\/s11332-026-01686-w","article-title":"Effects of sensorimotor training on postural sway during quiet standing in healthy older adults: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Cabo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sport Sciences for Health"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-6","volume-title":"Introduction to the new statistics: estimation, open science, and beyond (1st edition)","author":"Calin-Jageman","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-4-42","article-title":"Approximate entropy detects the effect of a secondary cognitive task on postural control in healthy young adults: a methodological report","volume":"4","author":"Cavanaugh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(02)00107-9","article-title":"Stabilometric parameters are affected by anthropometry and foot placement","volume":"17","author":"Chiari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical Biomechanics"},{"issue":"9868","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62167-9","article-title":"Frailty in elderly people","volume":"381","author":"Clegg","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-10","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd edition)","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-11","first-page":"485","article-title":"Efeitos do circuito de equil\u00edbrio sobre o equil\u00edbrio funcional e a possibilidade de quedas em idosas","volume":"8","author":"Costa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Motricidade"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-008-1521-7","article-title":"Complexity of human postural control in young and older adults during prolonged standing","volume":"191","author":"Duarte","year":"2008","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2018.04.011","article-title":"Nonlinear analysis is the most suitable method to detect changes in heart autonomic control after exercise of different durations","volume":"97","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Computers in Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2006.10.077","article-title":"Revisiting sample entropy analysis","volume":"376","author":"Govindan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20080130","article-title":"Movement variability and the use of nonlinear tools: principles to guide physical therapist practice","volume":"89","author":"Harbourne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2015.2436344","article-title":"A correlation-based framework for evaluating postural control stochastic dynamics","volume":"24","author":"Hernandez","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1123\/jmld.2021-0004","article-title":"Postural control in older adults during and following a 12-week balance training intervention with attentional focus instructions","volume":"9","author":"Higgins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Motor Learning and Development"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physd.2008.06.005","article-title":"The effect of time delay on Approximate & Sample Entropy calculations","volume":"237","author":"Kaffashi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4825(88)90041-8","article-title":"Fractals and the analysis of waveforms","volume":"18","author":"Katz","year":"1988","journal-title":"Computers in Biology and Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1002\/esp.3290080415","article-title":"The fractal geometry of nature. Benoit B. Mandelbrot. W. H. Freeman and co., San Francisco, 1982. No. of pages: 460. Price: \u00a322.75 (hardback)","volume":"8","author":"Kirkby","year":"1983","journal-title":"Earth Surface Processes and LandForms"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.3390\/e22121357","article-title":"Nonlinear measures to evaluate upright postural stability: a systematic review","volume":"22","author":"K\u0119dziorek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Entropy"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e41914","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.41914","article-title":"Innovative approaches and therapies to enhance neuroplasticity and promote recovery in patients with neurological disorders: a narrative review","volume":"15","author":"Kumar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1080\/00140130802567079","article-title":"Differentiating fall-prone and healthy adults using local dynamic stability","volume":"51","author":"Lockhart","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0193460","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193460","article-title":"On the effects of signal processing on sample entropy for postural control","volume":"13","author":"Lubetzky","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M72","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/49.2.M72","article-title":"A prospective study of postural balance and risk of falling in an ambulatory and independent elderly population","volume":"49","author":"Maki","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Gerontology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-26","first-page":"239","article-title":"The relevance of clinical balance assessment tools to differentiate balance deficits","volume":"46","author":"Mancini","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00390.2010","article-title":"Physiological complexity and system adaptability: evidence from postural control dynamics of older adults","volume":"109","author":"Manor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.5152\/npa.2016.18056","article-title":"Sensorimotor integration during motor learning: transcranial magnetic stimulation studies","volume":"54","author":"Matur","year":"2017","journal-title":"N\u00f6ro Psikiyatri Ar\u015fivi"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2017.12.016","article-title":"The largest Lyapunov exponent of gait in young and elderly individuals: a systematic review","volume":"60","author":"Mehdizadeh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gait & Posture"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/83.7.631","article-title":"Screening, education, and associated behavioral responses to reduce risk for falls among people over age 65 years attending a community health fair","volume":"83","author":"Ness","year":"2003","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-7-38","article-title":"Physical activity and functional limitations in older adults: a systematic review related to Canada\u2019s physical activity guidelines","volume":"7","author":"Paterson","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.01045","article-title":"Implementation of a central sensorimotor integration test for characterization of human balance control during stance","volume":"9","author":"Peterka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00333","article-title":"Fractal analysis of human gait variability via stride interval time series","volume":"11","author":"Phinyomark","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1109\/10.532130","article-title":"Measures of postural steadiness: differences between healthy young and elderly adults","volume":"43","author":"Prieto","year":"1996","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2015.02.004","article-title":"Center\u2013of\u2013pressure based postural sway measures: reliability and ability to distinguish between age, fear of falling and fall history","volume":"47","author":"Qiu","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.15067","article-title":"A review of center of pressure (COP) variables to quantify standing balance in elderly people: algorithms and open-access code*","volume":"9","author":"Quijoux","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiological Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-51502012000200009","article-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o dos efeitos de um programa sens\u00f3rio-motor no padr\u00e3o da marcha de idosas","volume":"25","author":"Rezende","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fisioterapia em Movimento"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1123\/mc.2017-0089","article-title":"Postural control entropy is increased when adopting an external focus of attention","volume":"23","author":"Rhea","year":"2019","journal-title":"Motor Control"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17696","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017696","article-title":"Noise and complexity in human postural control: interpreting the different estimations of entropy","volume":"6","author":"Rhea","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1080\/00222890209601934","article-title":"Variability and determinism in motor behavior","volume":"34","author":"Riley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Motor Behavior"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2010.04.005","article-title":"Center-of-pressure regularity as a marker for attentional investment in postural control: a comparison between sitting and standing postures","volume":"30","author":"Roerdink","year":"2011","journal-title":"Human Movement Science"},{"issue":"suppl_2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ii37","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afl084","article-title":"Falls in older people: epidemiology, risk factors and strategies for prevention","volume":"35","author":"Rubenstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Age and Ageing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05455-7","article-title":"Postural control among older adults with fear of falling and chronic low back pain","volume":"24","author":"Sarvari","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Geriatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012424.pub2","article-title":"Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community","volume":"2019","author":"Sherrington","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584952","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.584952","article-title":"Linear and non-linear dynamic methods toward investigating proprioception impairment in non-specific low back pain patients","volume":"8","author":"Shokouhyan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2011.06.002","article-title":"Human movement variability, nonlinear dynamics, and pathology: is there a connection?","volume":"30","author":"Stergiou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Human Movement Science"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9259","DOI":"10.3390\/app13169259","article-title":"Approximate entropy and velocity of center of pressure to determine postural stability: a pilot study","volume":"13","author":"Tipton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Applied Sciences"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-48","author":"World Health\u00a0Organization","year":"2020","journal-title":"WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour: at a glance"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.21706\/ref-49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-012-0668-3","article-title":"The appropriate use of approximate entropy and sample entropy with short data sets","volume":"41","author":"Yentes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering"}],"container-title":["PeerJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/21706.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/21706.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/21706.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/21706.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T08:00:26Z","timestamp":1789632026000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/21706"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["10.7717\/peerj.21706"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.21706","archive":["CLOCKSS","LOCKSS","Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2167-8359"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2167-8359","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"article-number":"e21706"}}