{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:41:33Z","timestamp":1790304093206,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]],"date-time":"2018-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536537600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Burnout is defined as a prolonged state of physical and psychological exhaustion. Doctors, due to the demanding nature of their job, are susceptible to facing burnout, which has far reaching implications on their productivity and motivation. It affects the quality of care they provide to patients, thus eroding the doctor\u2013patient relationship which embodies patient centeredness and autonomy. The study aims at addressing the stressors leading to burnout and its effect on the doctor\u2013patient relationship.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A descriptive, cross-sectional study design with convenience (non-probability) sampling technique was employed in six major hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 600 doctors were approached for the study which included house officers or \u201cHOs\u201d (recent graduates doing their 1 year long internship) and post-graduate trainees or \u201cPGRs\u201d (residents for 4\u20135 years in their specialties). Burnout was measured using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventor (CBI) while attitudes towards the doctor\u2013patient relationship was measured using the Patient Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS), which measures two components of the relationship: power sharing and patient caring. Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data via SPSS v.21.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A total of 515 doctors consented to take part in the study (response rate 85.83%). The final sample consisted of 487 doctors. The burnout score was not associated with the total and caring domain scores of PPOS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05). However, it was associated with the power sharing sub-scale of PPOS. Multiple linear regression analysis yielded a significant model, by virtue of which CBI scores were positively associated with factors such as female gender, feeling of burn out, scoring high on sharing domain of PPOS and a lack of personal control while CBI scores were negatively associated with private medical college education, having a significant other, accommodation away from home and a sense of never ending competition. Burnout levels varied significantly between house officers and post graduate trainees. Twenty-three percent of the participants (mostly house officers) had high\/very high burnout levels on the CBI (Kristenson\u2019s burnout scoring). Both groups showed significant differences with respect to working hours, smoking status and income.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>\n            <jats:sec>\n               <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Although burnout showed no significant association with total and caring domain scores of PPOS (scale used to assess doctor\u2013patient relationship), it showed a significant association with the power sharing domain of PPOS suggesting some impact on the overall delivery of patient care. Thus, it necessitates the monitoring of stressors in order to provide an atmosphere where patient autonomy can be practiced.<\/jats:p>\n            <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.5519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]],"date-time":"2018-09-10T07:03:02Z","timestamp":1536562982000},"page":"e5519","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Association of burnout with doctor\u2013patient relationship and common stressors among postgraduate trainees and house officers in Lahore\u2014a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Waqas","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huma","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afnan","family":"Talat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleena Ahmad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ammad Anwar","family":"Baig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iqra","family":"Zia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zohak","family":"Sarfraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hifsa","family":"Sajid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marium","family":"Tahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Usman","family":"Sadiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hira","family":"Imtiaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.5519\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1050","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.1050","article-title":"Attitudes of medical students in Lahore, Pakistan towards the doctor\u2013patient relationship","volume":"3","author":"Ahmad","year":"2015","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.5519\/ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/137620","article-title":"Emotional burnout, perceived sources of job stress, professional fulfillment, and engagement among medical residents in Malaysia","volume":"2013","author":"Al-Dubai","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Scientific World Journal"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.5519\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.154.12.1365","article-title":"The doctor\u2013patient relationship and malpractice. 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