{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T18:14:50Z","timestamp":1790532890723,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"PeerJ","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]],"date-time":"2020-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577923200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Physiological sagittal spinal curvatures play an important role in health and performance in sports. For that reason, several scientific studies have assessed spinal morphology in young athletes. However, to our knowledge, no study has assessed the implications of Inline Hockey (IH) practice on sagittal integrative spinal morphotype in adolescent players.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aims of the present study were to describe habitual sagittal spinal posture in young federated IH players and its relationship with training load and to determine the sagittal integrative spinal morphotype in these players.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An observational analysis was developed to describe the sagittal spinal morphotype in young federated IH players. A total of 74 IH players from the Technification Plan organized by the Skating Federation of the Valencian Community (aged from 8 to 15 years) participated in the study. Thoracic and lumbar curvatures of the spine were measured in a relaxed standing position (SP), in a slump sitting position (SSP) and in maximum flexion of the trunk (MFT) to determine the \u201cSagittal Integrative Morphotype\u201d of all players. An unilevel inclinometer was used to quantify the sagittal spinal curvatures. The Hip Joint Angle test was used to quantify the Lumbo-Horizontal angle in flexion (L-H fx) of all participants with a goniometer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>When thoracic curvature was analyzed according to normality references, it was found that 64.9% of IH players had thoracic hyperkyphosis in a SSP, while 60.8% and 74.3% of players were classified as normal in a SP and in MFT, respectively. As for the lumbar curve, 89.2% in a SP and 55.4% in MFT were normal, whereas 68.9% of IH players presented lumbar hyperkyphosis in a SSP. Regarding the \u201cSagittal Integrative Morphotype,\u201d only 17.6% of players were classified as \u201cNormal\u201d in the three measured positions for the thoracic curve, while 37.8% had \u201cThoracic Hyperkyphosis\u201d and 41.8% presented \u201cFunctional Thoracic Hyperkyphosis.\u201d As for the \u201cSagittal Integrative Lumbar Morphotype,\u201d only 23% of athletes had a normal curve in the three positions, whereas 66.2% presented \u201cFunctional Lumbar Hyperkyphosis.\u201d When the L-H fx was evaluated, the results showed that only 16.2% of the athletes were classified as normal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Federative IH practice seems to cause specific adaptations in spinal sagittal morphotype. Taking into account the \u201cSagittal Integrative Morphotype\u201d only 17.6% IH players presented \u201cNormal Morphotype\u201d with a normal thoracic kyphosis in the three measured positions, while only 23% IH players presented \u201cNormal Morphotype\u201d with a normal lumbar curvature in the three assessed positions. Furthermore, only 16.2% of IH players showed normal pelvic tilt. Exercise programs to prevent or rehabilitate these imbalances in young IH players are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.8229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]],"date-time":"2020-01-02T04:23:25Z","timestamp":1577939005000},"page":"e8229","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Sagittal spinal morphotype assessment in 8 to 15 years old Inline Hockey players"],"prefix":"10.7717","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Pilar","family":"Sainz de Baranda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity and Sport\/Faculty of Sport Sciences\/Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Cejudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity and Sport\/Faculty of Sport Sciences\/Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor Jesus","family":"Moreno-Alcaraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity and Sport\/Faculty of Sport Sciences\/Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Martinez-Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity and Sport\/Faculty of Sport Sciences\/Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1655-4169","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alba","family":"Aparicio-Sarmiento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity and Sport\/Faculty of Sport Sciences\/Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3593-3287","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fernando","family":"Santonja-Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cVirgen de la Arrixaca\u201d University Hospital\/Faculty of Medicine\/Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4443","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.04.041","article-title":"Effect of passive stretch on reproducibility of hip range of motion measurements","volume":"86","author":"Aalto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-2","volume-title":"A applied anatomy and biomechanics in sport","author":"Ackland","year":"2009"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.12965\/jer.150255","article-title":"Spinal alignment, mobility of the hip and thoracic spine and prevalence of low back pain in young elite cross-country skiers","volume":"12","author":"Alricsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2006.06.003","article-title":"Young elite cross-country skiers and low back pain\u2014a 5-year study","volume":"7","author":"Alricsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Physical Therapy in Sport"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/S1888-7546(13)70046-7","article-title":"Pruebas angulares de estimaci\u00f3n de la flexibilidad isquiosural: descripci\u00f3n de los procedimientos exploratorios y valores de referencia","volume":"6","author":"Ayala","year":"2013","journal-title":"Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2004.07.036","article-title":"Effects of prolonged sitting on the passive flexion stiffness of the in vivo lumbar spine","volume":"5","author":"Beach","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1080\/15438627.2015.1005297","article-title":"Effects of athletic training on the spinal curvature in child athletes","volume":"23","author":"Betsch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Research in Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(00)00063-2","article-title":"Intervertebral disc herniation: studies on a porcine model exposed to highly repetitive flexion\/extension motion with compressive force","volume":"16","author":"Callaghan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clinical Biomechanics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-9","volume-title":"Deporte y flexibilidad: rendimiento deportivo sin riesgo de lesi\u00f3n","author":"Cejudo","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(95)80604-0","article-title":"Postural aberrations in low back pain","volume":"76","author":"Christie","year":"1995","journal-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000149074.21550.32","article-title":"The evolution of sagittal segmental alignment of the spine during childhood","volume":"30","author":"Cil","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-12","article-title":"Morfotipos sagitales del raquis en poblaci\u00f3n escolar en la regi\u00f3n de murcia","author":"Collazo","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-13","article-title":"Valoraci\u00f3n de la movilidad de la columna en el plano sagital y extensibilidad de la musculatura isquiosural en gimnasia est\u00e9tica de grupo","author":"Conesa Ros","year":"2015"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2005.03.011","article-title":"Intrinsic and imposed hamstring length influence posterior pelvic rotation during hip flexion","volume":"20","author":"Congdon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical Biomechanics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-15","first-page":"39","article-title":"High performance gymnasts during the period of growth","volume":"2","author":"Falter","year":"1982","journal-title":"Morphologia Medica"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2012-0489","article-title":"Postural characterization of adolescent federation basketball players","volume":"11","author":"Ferreira-Guedes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Physical Activity and Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504267349","article-title":"American collegiate men\u2019s ice hockey: an analysis of injuries","volume":"33","author":"Flik","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1038762","article-title":"Climber\u2019s back\u2014form and mobility of the thoracolumbar spine leading to postural adaptations in male high ability rock climbers","volume":"30","author":"F\u00f6rster","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2018-0247","article-title":"Sagittal spinal morphotype assessment in dressage and show jumping riders","author":"Gin\u00e9s-D\u00edaz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Sport Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.2478\/v10101-012-0014-0","article-title":"Body posture of young female basketball players","volume":"4","author":"Grabara","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomedical Human Kinetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-130423","article-title":"A comparison of the posture between young female handball players and non-training peers","volume":"27","author":"Grabara","year":"2014a","journal-title":"Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-140475","article-title":"Anteroposterior curvatures of the spine in adolescent athletes","volume":"27","author":"Grabara","year":"2014b","journal-title":"Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.5604\/20831862.1127286","article-title":"Comparison of posture among adolescent male volleyball players and non-athletes","volume":"32","author":"Grabara","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biology of Sport"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1515\/bhk-2016-0002","article-title":"Could hatha yoga be a health-related physical activity?","volume":"8","author":"Grabara","year":"2016a","journal-title":"Biomedical Human Kinetics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scispo.2016.01.010","article-title":"Sagittal spinal curvatures in adolescent male basketball players and non-training individuals: a two-year study","volume":"31","author":"Grabara","year":"2016b","journal-title":"Science & Sports"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.2478\/v10101-009-0017-7","article-title":"Postural variables in girls practicing volleyball","volume":"1","author":"Grabara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomedical Human Kinetics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-27","article-title":"Estudio sagital del raquis en bailarinas de danza cl\u00e1sica y danza espa\u00f1ola","author":"G\u00f3mez-Lozano","year":"2007"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-28","first-page":"19","article-title":"Estudio descriptivo del morfotipo raqu\u00eddeo sagital en bailarinas de flamenco","volume":"6","author":"G\u00f3mez-Lozano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Revista Del Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Flamenco Telethusa"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200207000-00004","article-title":"Low-back stiffness is altered with warm-up and bench rest: implications for athletes","volume":"34","author":"Green","year":"2002","journal-title":"Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-004-0734-0","article-title":"Anterior thoracic posture increases thoracolumbar disc loading","volume":"14","author":"Harrison","year":"2005","journal-title":"European Spine Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1123\/ijatt.2015-0028","article-title":"Lumbar sagittal plane spinal curvature and junior-level cricket players","volume":"21","author":"Hecimovich","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200104010-00003","article-title":"Multifidus EMG and tension\u2013relaxation recovery after prolonged static lumbar flexion","volume":"26","author":"Jackson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/118.1.263","article-title":"Spinal cord morphology and pathology in ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament","volume":"118","author":"Kameyama","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310042301","article-title":"Anterior and middle column thoracolumbar spine injuries in young female gymnasts: report of seven cases and review of the literature","volume":"31","author":"Katz","year":"2003","journal-title":"American Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2004.10.050","article-title":"Influence of spine morphology on intervertebral disc loads and stresses in asymptomatic adults: implications for the ideal spine","volume":"5","author":"Keller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500316","article-title":"Lumbar mobility and low back pain during adolescence: a longitudinal three-year follow-up study in athletes and controls","volume":"25","author":"Kujala","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-2007-202-306","article-title":"Spinal curvature and trunk muscle tone in rhythmic gymnasts and untrained girls","volume":"20","author":"Kums","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.2478\/v10197-011-0009-3","article-title":"The shape of anterior\u2013posterior curvatures of the spine in athletes practising selected sports","volume":"18","author":"Lichota","year":"2011","journal-title":"Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.12800\/ccd.v3i9.164","article-title":"Valoraci\u00f3n y comparaci\u00f3n de la disposici\u00f3n sagital del raquis entre cano\u00edstas y kayakistas de categor\u00eda infantil (Measurement and comparison of sagittal spinal curvatures between infantile canoeists and kayakers)","volume":"3","author":"L\u00f3pez-Mi\u00f1arro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cultura_Ciencia_Deporte"},{"issue":"36","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-40","first-page":"379","article-title":"Comparaci\u00f3n del morfotipo raqu\u00eddeo y extensibilidad isquiosural entre pirag\u00fcistas y corredores","volume":"9","author":"L\u00f3pez-Mi\u00f1arro","year":"2009","journal-title":"Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad F\u00edsica y del Deporte"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-41","first-page":"163","article-title":"Comparison of hamstring extensibility and spinal posture between kayakers and canoeists","volume":"45","author":"L\u00f3pez-Mi\u00f1arro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kinesiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.2478\/v10078-012-0007-7","article-title":"Acute effects of hamstring stretching on sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt","volume":"31","author":"L\u00f3pez-Mi\u00f1arro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Human Kinetics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2006.10.003","article-title":"A comparison of the spine posture among several sit-and-reach test protocols","volume":"10","author":"L\u00f3pez-Mi\u00f1arro","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-44","article-title":"Disposici\u00f3n del plano sagital y extensibilidad isquiosural en gimnasia r\u00edtmica deportiva","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Gallego","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-45","volume-title":"Metodolog\u00eda para una gimnasia r\u00edtmica saludable","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Gallego","year":"2005"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198409000-00009","article-title":"Use of noninvasive techniques for quantification of spinal range-of-motion in normal subjects and chronic low-back dysfunction patients","volume":"9","author":"Mayer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-47","volume-title":"Low back disorders: evidence-based prevention and rehabilitation","author":"McGill","year":"2002","edition":"3"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199605000-00012","article-title":"A prospective evaluation of idiopathic left thoracic scoliosis with magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"16","author":"Mejia","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-49","first-page":"335","article-title":"Spinal deformities","volume-title":"Current Therapy in Sports Medicine (II)","author":"Micheli","year":"1990"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00301328","article-title":"The development of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"5","author":"Murray","year":"1996","journal-title":"European Spine Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-51","first-page":"355","article-title":"Spinal posture of thoracic and lumbar spine and pelvic tilt in highly trained cyclists","volume":"10","author":"Muyor","year":"2011a","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.12800\/ccd.v6i16.29","article-title":"Comparaci\u00f3n de la disposici\u00f3n sagital del raquis lumbar entre ciclistas de \u00e9lite y sedentarios (Comparison of sagittal lumbar curvatures of elite cyclists and non-athletes)","volume":"6","author":"Muyor","year":"2011b","journal-title":"Cultura_Ciencia_Deporte"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310051901","article-title":"Injuries to the upper extremity in ice hockey: analysis of a series of 760 injuries","volume":"31","author":"M\u00f6ls\u00e4","year":"2003","journal-title":"American Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-54","first-page":"588","article-title":"Sagittal spinal morphology in highly trained adolescent tennis players","volume":"12","author":"Muyor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01560208","article-title":"Spinal sagittal mobility and joint laxity in young ballet dancers","volume":"1","author":"Nilsson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-56","volume-title":"Measurement of joint motion: a guide to goniometry (II)","author":"Norkin","year":"1995"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-57","first-page":"51","article-title":"Evaluation of functional and structural changes affecting the lumbar spine in professional field hockey players","volume":"19","author":"Ogurkowska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198908000-00013","article-title":"Spinal sagittal configuration and mobility related to low-back pain in the female gymnast","volume":"14","author":"Ohl\u00e9n","year":"1989","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-59","first-page":"268","article-title":"Determinaci\u00f3n del morfotipo sagital de la columna de j\u00f3venes nadadores de \u00e9lite espa\u00f1oles","volume":"11","author":"Pastor","year":"2002","journal-title":"Selecci\u00f3n"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000127179.13271.78","article-title":"Measurement of in vivo intradiscal pressure in healthy thoracic intervertebral discs","volume":"29","author":"Polga","year":"2004","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738109334212","article-title":"Low back pain in young athletes","volume":"1","author":"Purcell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-62","first-page":"9","article-title":"Comparison of thoracic kyphosis in group of elite female hockey players and a group on on-athletic female subjects","author":"Rajabi","year":"2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2006.033639","article-title":"Comparison of thoracic kyphosis in two groups of elite Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestlers and a group of non-athletic participants","volume":"42","author":"Rajabi","year":"2008","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-64","first-page":"545","article-title":"Thoracic kyphosis comparisons in adolescent female competitive field hockey players and untrained controls","volume":"52","author":"Rajabi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-65","article-title":"Reglamentos. Reglas de juego de hockey sobre patines en l\u00ednea","author":"Real Federaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola de Patinaje","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-66","first-page":"158","article-title":"Correlates of low back pain in a general population sample: a multidisciplinary perspective","volume":"11","author":"Roncarati","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-67","volume-title":"La Columna Vertebral del Escolar (I)","author":"Sainz de Baranda","year":"2006"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-68","first-page":"277","article-title":"Effects of hamstring stretching exercises on the toe-touch test in elementary schoolchildren","volume":"51","author":"Sainz de Baranda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Human Movement Studies"},{"issue":"102","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-69","first-page":"16","article-title":"Efectos sobre la disposici\u00f3n sagital del raquis de un programa de educaci\u00f3n postural en educaci\u00f3n f\u00edsica de primaria","volume":"4","author":"Sainz de Baranda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Apunts. Educaci\u00f3n F\u00edsica y Deportes"},{"issue":"40","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-70","first-page":"521","article-title":"Tiempo de entrenamiento y plano sagital del raquis en gimnastas de trampolin","volume":"10","author":"Sainz de Baranda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad F\u00edsica y el Deporte"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.5232\/ricyde2009.01602","article-title":"Valoraci\u00f3n de la disposici\u00f3n sagital del raquis en gimnastas especialistas en trampol\u00edn","volume":"5","author":"Sainz de Baranda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-72","first-page":"293","volume-title":"Morfotipo del futbolista profesional","author":"Sainz de Baranda","year":"2001"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000079","article-title":"Determination of the criterion-related validity of hip joint angle test for estimating hamstring flexibility using a contemporary statistical approach","volume":"24","author":"Sainz de Baranda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199204000-00005","article-title":"Spinal mobility and trunk muscle strength in 15-year-old schoolchildren with and without low-back pain","volume":"17","author":"Salminen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"07","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1021200","article-title":"Leisure time physical activity in the young","volume":"14","author":"Salminen","year":"1993","journal-title":"International Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-76","first-page":"251","article-title":"Las desviaciones sagitales del raquis y su relaci\u00f3n con la pr\u00e1ctica deportiva","volume-title":"Escolar: Medicina y Deporte","author":"Santonja","year":"1996"},{"issue":"120","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-77","first-page":"103","article-title":"Angle lumbo-horitzontal i valoraci\u00f3 de repercussions de la s\u00edndrome d\u2019isquiosurals curts","volume":"31","author":"Santonja","year":"1994","journal-title":"Apunts. Medicina de l\u2019Esport"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-78","first-page":"1063","article-title":"S\u00edndrome de los isquiosurales cortos","volume":"233","author":"Santonja","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cirug\u00eda menor y procedimientos en medicina de familia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-79","first-page":"28","article-title":"Raquis y deporte \u00bfcu\u00e1l s\u00ed y cu\u00e1ndo?","volume":"4","author":"Santonja","year":"1995","journal-title":"Selecci\u00f3n"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-80","first-page":"241","article-title":"Ejercicios de acondicionamiento muscular orientados a la prevenci\u00f3n y terapia de las patolog\u00edas raqu\u00eddeas (I): Plano sagital","volume-title":"Ejercicio F\u00edsico en salas de Acondicionamiento muscular. Bases cient\u00edfico-m\u00e9dicas para una pr\u00e1ctica segura y saludable","author":"Santonja","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-81","first-page":"783","article-title":"Cifosis y lordosis","volume-title":"Cirug\u00eda Menor y Procedimientos en Medicina de Familia","volume":"1","author":"Santonja","year":"2000"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.17.06880-3","article-title":"Training intensity and sagittal curvature of the spine in male and female artistic gymnasts","volume":"58","author":"Sanz-Mengibar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199606010-00011","article-title":"Lumbar range of motion: reliability and validity of the inclinometer technique in the clinical measurement of trunk flexibility","volume":"21","author":"Saur","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200106010-00010","article-title":"Biomechanical factors influencing nuclear disruption of the intervertebral disc","volume":"26","author":"Simunic","year":"2001","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31817ec3b0","article-title":"Classification of sagittal thoraco-lumbo-pelvic alignment of the adolescent spine in standing and its relationship to low back pain","volume":"33","author":"Smith","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199912010-00003","article-title":"Biomechanics of increased exposure to lumbar injury caused by cyclic loading: part 1","volume":"24","author":"Solomonow","year":"1999","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199002000-00015","article-title":"Back pain and radiologic changes in the thoraco-lumbar spine of athletes","volume":"15","author":"Sw\u00e4rd","year":"1990","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1007\/s100670050107","article-title":"Low back pain and posture","volume":"18","author":"T\u00fcz\u00fcn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1080\/026404198366425","article-title":"The vertebral curvature of sportsmen","volume":"16","author":"Uetake","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Sciences"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199709010-00004","article-title":"Adaptation of the lumbar spine to different positions in bicycle racing","volume":"22","author":"Usabiaga","year":"1997","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198609000-00034","article-title":"Sagittal profiles of the spine","volume":"210","author":"Voutsinas","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199904150-00005","article-title":"New in vivo measurements of pressures in the intervertebral disc in daily life","volume":"24","author":"Wilke","year":"1999","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-93","first-page":"328","article-title":"Sagittal alignment of the spine: comparison between soccer players and subjects without sports activities","volume":"88","author":"Wodecki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Revue De Chirurgie Orthopedique Et Reparatrice De L Appareil Moteur"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.7717\/peerj.8229\/ref-94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280040801","article-title":"The association between athletic training time and the sagittal curvature of the immature spine","volume":"28","author":"Wojtys","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Journal of Sports Medicine"}],"container-title":["PeerJ"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/8229.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/8229.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/8229.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/8229.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,9]],"date-time":"2022-10-09T14:32:01Z","timestamp":1665325921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/peerj.com\/articles\/8229"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]]},"references-count":94,"alternative-id":["10.7717\/peerj.8229"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.8229","archive":["CLOCKSS","LOCKSS","Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.8229v0.1\/reviews\/2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.8229v0.2\/reviews\/2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.8229v0.2\/reviews\/1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.7287\/peerj.8229v0.1\/reviews\/1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2167-8359"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2167-8359","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]]},"article-number":"e8229"}}