{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T12:15:25Z","timestamp":1767096925501,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.100403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T12:13:31Z","timestamp":1767096811000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trends in the Incidence of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome and Zoster Sine Herpete Following the Introduction of Routine Varicella Vaccination in Hokkaido, Japan"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Furuta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroko","family":"Yanagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michiya","family":"Matsumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keishi","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199707)52:3<316::AID-JMV13>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Detection of varicella-zoster virus DNA in patients with acute peripheral facial palsy by polymerase chain reaction and its use for early diagnosis of zoster sine herpete","volume":"52","author":"Furuta Y","year":"1997","unstructured":"Furuta Y, Fukuda S, Suzuki S, Takasu T, Inuyama Y, Nagashima K. Detection of varicella-zoster virus DNA in patients with acute peripheral facial palsy by polymerase chain reaction and its use for early diagnosis of zoster sine herpete. J Med Virol. 1997, 52:316-9. 10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199707)52:3&lt;316::AID-JMV13&gt;3.0.CO;2-G","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000248737.65607.9e","article-title":"Reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 and varicella-zoster virus and therapeutic effects of combination therapy with prednisolone and valacyclovir in patients with Bell's palsy","volume":"117","author":"Kawaguchi K","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kawaguchi K, Inamura H, Abe Y, et al.. Reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 and varicella-zoster virus and therapeutic effects of combination therapy with prednisolone and valacyclovir in patients with Bell's palsy. Laryngoscope. 2007, 117:147-56. 10.1097\/01.mlg.0000248737.65607.9e","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000265190.29969.12","article-title":"Valacyclovir and prednisolone treatment for Bell's palsy: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"28","author":"Hato N","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hato N, Yamada H, Kohno H, et al.. Valacyclovir and prednisolone treatment for Bell's palsy: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Otol Neurotol. 2007, 28:408-13. 10.1097\/01.mao.0000265190.29969.12","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01945998860953P105","article-title":"Ramsay Hunt facial paralysis: clinical analyses of 185 patients","volume":"95","author":"Robillard RB","year":"1986","unstructured":"Robillard RB, Hilsinger RL Jr, Adour KK. Ramsay Hunt facial paralysis: clinical analyses of 185 patients. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1986, 95:292-7. 10.1177\/01945998860953P105","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.02.058","article-title":"Universal varicella vaccine immunization in Japan","volume":"34","author":"Yoshikawa T","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yoshikawa T, Kawamura Y, Ohashi M. Universal varicella vaccine immunization in Japan. Vaccine. 2016, 34:1965-70. 10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.02.058","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Japan Institute for Health Security. Changes in varicella outbreak trends after routine varicella vaccination-from the Survey of Infectious Disease Outbreak Trends, as of Week 26. (2022). https.\/\/id-info.jihs.go.jp\/niid\/ja\/varicella-m\/varicella-idwrs\/10892-varicella-20220113.html."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21599","article-title":"Epidemiology of herpes zoster and its relationship to varicella in Japan: a 10-year survey of 48,388 herpes zoster cases in Miyazaki prefecture","volume":"81","author":"Toyama N","year":"2009","unstructured":"Toyama N, Shiraki K. Epidemiology of herpes zoster and its relationship to varicella in Japan: a 10-year survey of 48,388 herpes zoster cases in Miyazaki prefecture. J Med Virol. 2009, 81:2053-8. 10.1002\/jmv.21599","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09837-9","article-title":"Contacts with varicella or with children and protection against herpes zoster in adults: a case-control study","volume":"360","author":"Thomas SL","year":"2002","unstructured":"Thomas SL, Wheeler JG, Hall AJ. Contacts with varicella or with children and protection against herpes zoster in adults: a case-control study. Lancet. 2002, 360:678-82. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09837-9","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268800050019","article-title":"The epidemiology of varicella-zoster virus infections: the influence of varicella on the prevalence of herpes zoster","volume":"108","author":"Garnett GP","year":"1992","unstructured":"Garnett GP, Grenfell BT. The epidemiology of varicella-zoster virus infections: the influence of varicella on the prevalence of herpes zoster. Epidemiol Infect. 1992, 108:513-28. 10.1017\/s0950268800050019","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2051013613515621","article-title":"Successes and challenges in varicella vaccine","volume":"2","author":"Papaloukas O","year":"2014","unstructured":"Papaloukas O, Giannouli G, Papaevangelou V. Successes and challenges in varicella vaccine. Ther Adv Vaccines. 2014, 2:39-55. 10.1177\/2051013613515621","journal-title":"Ther Adv Vaccines"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2018.07.003","article-title":"Universal varicella vaccination increased the incidence of herpes zoster in the child-rearing generation as its short-term effect","volume":"92","author":"Toyama N","year":"2018","unstructured":"Toyama N, Shiraki K. Universal varicella vaccination increased the incidence of herpes zoster in the child-rearing generation as its short-term effect. J Dermatol Sci. 2018, 92:89-96. 10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2018.07.003","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20181","article-title":"Variable patterns of varicella-zoster virus reactivation in Ramsay Hunt syndrome","volume":"74","author":"Aizawa H","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aizawa H, Ohtani F, Furuta Y, Sawa H, Fukuda S. Variable patterns of varicella-zoster virus reactivation in Ramsay Hunt syndrome. J Med Virol. 2004, 74:355-60. 10.1002\/jmv.20181","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Fluctuations in anti-VZV IgG antibody for serological diagnosis of VZV reactivation in patients with acute peripheral facial palsy (Article in Japanese)","volume":"22","author":"Aizawa H","year":"2002","unstructured":"Aizawa H, Furuta Y, Ohtani F, Suzuki F, Fukuda S. Fluctuations in anti-VZV IgG antibody for serological diagnosis of VZV reactivation in patients with acute peripheral facial palsy (Article in Japanese). Facial N Res Jpn. 2002, 22:53-5.","journal-title":"Facial N Res Jpn"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2012.244","article-title":"Investigation of the freely available easy-to-use software 'EZR' for medical statistics","volume":"48","author":"Kanda Y","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kanda Y. Investigation of the freely available easy-to-use software 'EZR' for medical statistics. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2013, 48:452-8. 10.1038\/bmt.2012.244","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac255","article-title":"The impact of universal varicella vaccination on herpes zoster incidence in the United States: comparison of birth cohorts preceding and following varicella vaccination program launch","volume":"226","author":"Leung J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Leung J, Dooling K, Marin M, Anderson TC, Harpaz R. The impact of universal varicella vaccination on herpes zoster incidence in the United States: comparison of birth cohorts preceding and following varicella vaccination program launch. J Infect Dis. 2022, 226:S470-7. 10.1093\/infdis\/jiac255","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051016","article-title":"A vaccine to prevent herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults","volume":"352","author":"Oxman MN","year":"2005","unstructured":"Oxman MN, Levin MJ, Johnson GR, et al.. A vaccine to prevent herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults. N Engl J Med. 2005, 352:2271-84. 10.1056\/NEJMoa051016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir970","article-title":"Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of herpes zoster vaccine in persons aged 50-59 years","volume":"54","author":"Schmader KE","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schmader KE, Levin MJ, Gnann JW Jr, et al.. Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of herpes zoster vaccine in persons aged 50-59 years. Clin Infect Dis. 2012, 54:922-8. 10.1093\/cid\/cir970","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1501184","article-title":"Efficacy of an adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit vaccine in older adults","volume":"372","author":"Lal H","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lal H, Cunningham AL, Godeaux O, et al.. Efficacy of an adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit vaccine in older adults. N Engl J Med. 2015, 372:2087-96. 10.1056\/NEJMoa1501184","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(22)00039-3","article-title":"Post-licensure zoster vaccine effectiveness against herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Mbinta JF","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mbinta JF, Nguyen BP, Awuni PMA, Paynter J, Simpson CR. Post-licensure zoster vaccine effectiveness against herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Healthy Longev. 2022, 3:263-75. 10.1016\/S2666-7568(22)00039-3","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488709121833","article-title":"An epidemiological and clinical study on idiopathic facial palsy in Japan","volume":"446","author":"Koike Y","year":"1988","unstructured":"Koike Y. An epidemiological and clinical study on idiopathic facial palsy in Japan. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1988, 446:7-9. 10.3109\/00016488709121833","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol Suppl"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/437634-trends-in-the-incidence-of-ramsay-hunt-syndrome-and-zoster-sine-herpete-following-the-introduction-of-routine-varicella-vaccination-in-hokkaido-japan","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T12:13:32Z","timestamp":1767096812000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/437634-trends-in-the-incidence-of-ramsay-hunt-syndrome-and-zoster-sine-herpete-following-the-introduction-of-routine-varicella-vaccination-in-hokkaido-japan"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]},"references-count":20,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.100403","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]]}}}