{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]],"date-time":"2026-01-04T09:00:15Z","timestamp":1767517215175,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.100723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]],"date-time":"2026-01-04T08:55:32Z","timestamp":1767516932000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["War-Related Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms Among Healthcare Workers in Lebanon: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Danielle","family":"Abou Khater","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Haj Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fadi","family":"El Ters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christeen","family":"Mina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"El Asmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Lebanon. (2025). Accessed. 5 July, 2025: https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/place\/Lebanon."},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"Lebanon population. (2025). Accessed. 5 July, 2025: http:\/\/www.worldometers.info\/world-population\/lebanon-population\/."},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"UNHCR Lebanon. (2025). Accessed. 5 July, 2025: https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/where-we-work\/countries\/lebanon."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00970-X","article-title":"Lebanese hospitals prepare for escalating war","volume":"403","author":"Bigot C","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bigot C. Lebanese hospitals prepare for escalating war. Lancet. 2024, 403:1837-8. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00970-X","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdaa043","article-title":"History of injury in a developing country: a scoping review of injury literature in Lebanon","volume":"43","author":"Al-Hajj S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al-Hajj S, Pawliuk C, Smith J, Zheng A, Pike I. History of injury in a developing country: a scoping review of injury literature in Lebanon. J Public Health (Oxf). 2021, 43:e24-44. 10.1093\/pubmed\/fdaa043","journal-title":"J Public Health (Oxf)"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Israel-Lebanon in maps. tracking the conflict with Hezbollah and Iran. (2024). Accessed: 5 July, 2025: https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/articles\/c9vp7dg3ml1o."},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Crisis hits Lebanon\u2019s hospitals, among the best in Mideast. (2020). Accessed. 5 July, 2025: https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/health-financial-markets-ap-top-news-virus-outbreak-financial-crisis-3a4d797c9946e032bbee5...."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370905400504","article-title":"The psychological impact of the SARS epidemic on hospital employees in China: exposure, risk perception, and altruistic acceptance of risk","volume":"54","author":"Wu P","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wu P, Fang Y, Guan Z, et al.. The psychological impact of the SARS epidemic on hospital employees in China: exposure, risk perception, and altruistic acceptance of risk. Can J Psychiatry. 2009, 54:302-11. 10.1177\/070674370905400504","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.1031077","article-title":"Psychosocial effects of SARS on hospital staff: survey of a large tertiary care institution","volume":"170","author":"Nickell LA","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nickell LA, Crighton EJ, Tracy CS, et al.. Psychosocial effects of SARS on hospital staff: survey of a large tertiary care institution. CMAJ. 2004, 170:793-8. 10.1503\/cmaj.1031077","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"Beirut explosion impact assessment. (2020). Accessed. 5 July, 2025: https:\/\/www.strategyand.pwc.com\/m1\/en\/beirut-explosion\/beirutimpactsssessment-statusupdate1.pdf."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-018-1076-7","article-title":"Rate of psychiatric disorders and associations with quality of life among community members following the Kaohsiung gas explosion: an 18-month cross-sectional follow-up study","volume":"17","author":"Shieh V","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shieh V, Huang JJ, Wu TG, et al.. Rate of psychiatric disorders and associations with quality of life among community members following the Kaohsiung gas explosion: an 18-month cross-sectional follow-up study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2019, 17:7. 10.1186\/s12955-018-1076-7","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(14)70235-4","article-title":"The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in US combat soldiers: a head-to-head comparison of DSM-5 versus DSM-IV-TR symptom criteria with the PTSD checklist","volume":"1","author":"Hoge CW","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hoge CW, Riviere LA, Wilk JE, Herrell RK, Weathers FW. The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in US combat soldiers: a head-to-head comparison of DSM-5 versus DSM-IV-TR symptom criteria with the PTSD checklist. Lancet Psychiatry. 2014, 1:269-77. 10.1016\/S2215-0366(14)70235-4","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-022-00911-5","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress symptoms experienced by healthcare workers in Lebanon four months following Beirut's ammonium nitrate explosion: a survey-based study","volume":"80","author":"Bou Sanayeh E","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bou Sanayeh E, El Chamieh C, Saade MC, Maalouf RG, Bizri M. Post-traumatic stress symptoms experienced by healthcare workers in Lebanon four months following Beirut's ammonium nitrate explosion: a survey-based study. Arch Public Health. 2022, 80:156. 10.1186\/s13690-022-00911-5","journal-title":"Arch Public Health"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2007.03.001","article-title":"Impact of war stress on posttraumatic stress symptoms in hospital personnel","volume":"29","author":"Ben-Ezra M","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ben-Ezra M, Palgi Y, Essar N. Impact of war stress on posttraumatic stress symptoms in hospital personnel. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2007, 29:264-6. 10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2007.03.001","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.01.021","article-title":"27 ways to meet PTSD: using the PTSD-checklist for DSM-5 to examine PTSD core criteria","volume":"261","author":"Franklin CL","year":"2018","unstructured":"Franklin CL, Raines AM, Cuccurullo LJ, Chambliss JL, Maieritsch KP, Tompkins AM, Walton JL. 27 ways to meet PTSD: using the PTSD-checklist for DSM-5 to examine PTSD core criteria. Psychiatry Res. 2018, 261:504-7. 10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.01.021","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2017.1351204","article-title":"Sex and gender differences in post-traumatic stress disorder: an update","volume":"8","author":"Olff M","year":"2017","unstructured":"Olff M. Sex and gender differences in post-traumatic stress disorder: an update. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2017, 8:1351204. 10.1080\/20008198.2017.1351204","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23333936231161127","article-title":"Stressors among healthcare workers: a summative content analysis","volume":"10","author":"Rink LC","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rink LC, Oyesanya TO, Adair KC, Humphreys JC, Silva SG, Sexton JB. Stressors among healthcare workers: a summative content analysis. Glob Qual Nurs Res. 2023, 10:23333936231161127. 10.1177\/23333936231161127","journal-title":"Glob Qual Nurs Res"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10112168","article-title":"Registered nurses\u2019 views and experiences of delivering care in war and conflict areas: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Sadhaan A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sadhaan A, Brown M, McLaughlin D. Registered nurses\u2019 views and experiences of delivering care in war and conflict areas: a systematic review. Healthcare (Basel). 2022, 10:10.3390\/healthcare10112168","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1444245","article-title":"The aftermath of multiple trauma on a nation: unraveling Lebanon's unique mental health struggle","volume":"15","author":"Karam EG","year":"2024","unstructured":"Karam EG, El-Jamal M, Osman R, Toukan S, Mouawad GI, Al Barathie J. The aftermath of multiple trauma on a nation: unraveling Lebanon's unique mental health struggle. Front Psychiatry. 2024, 15:1444245. 10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1444245","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Israel planted explosives in Hezbollah's Taiwan-made pagers, say sources. (2024). Accessed. 14 July, 2025: https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/israel-planted-explosives-hezbollahs-taiwan-made-pagers-say-sources-2024-09...."},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Lebanon. establish international investigation into deadly attacks using exploding portable devices . (2024). Accessed: 14 July, 2025: https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/latest\/news\/2024\/09\/lebanon-establish-international-investigation-into-deadly-attacks-usin...."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22815","article-title":"The role of pain and socioenvironmental factors on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in traumatically injured adults: a 1-year prospective study","volume":"35","author":"Webb EK","year":"2022","unstructured":"Webb EK, Ward RT, Mathew AS, et al.. The role of pain and socioenvironmental factors on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in traumatically injured adults: a 1-year prospective study. J Trauma Stress. 2022, 35:1142-53. 10.1002\/jts.22815","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"Traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). (2024). Accessed. 14 July, 2025 : https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd."}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/432246-war-related-post-traumatic-stress-symptoms-among-healthcare-workers-in-lebanon-a-cross-sectional-study","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]],"date-time":"2026-01-04T08:55:34Z","timestamp":1767516934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/432246-war-related-post-traumatic-stress-symptoms-among-healthcare-workers-in-lebanon-a-cross-sectional-study"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]]},"references-count":23,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.100723","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]]}}}