{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T11:05:04Z","timestamp":1767870304483,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.101048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T06:22:55Z","timestamp":1767853375000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An Outpatient Cross-Sectional Study of Physicians\u2019 Empathy From the Patients\u2019 Perspective: A Comparison of the Arabic Version of the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) Measure Across Four Disciplines"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Eiad A","family":"AlFaris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah M","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gominda","family":"Ponnamperuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lemmese","family":"Alwatban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamad A","family":"Alkhenizan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bandar H","family":"Alaamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faisal M","family":"AlRashed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bassam A","family":"Alghizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed S","family":"AlGhamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah S","family":"AlGhamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780199370689.001.0001","article-title":"","author":"Freeman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Freeman, Thomas R. McWhinney's Textbook of Family Medicine (4 edn). Oxford Academic (ed): Oxford University Press, New York;  2016. 10.1093\/med\/9780199370689.001.0001"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2020.08.022","article-title":"Toward a consensus on the nature of empathy: a review of reviews","volume":"104","author":"H\u00e5kansson Eklund J","year":"2021","unstructured":"H\u00e5kansson Eklund J, Summer Meranius M. Toward a consensus on the nature of empathy: a review of reviews. Patient Educ Couns. 2021, 104:300-7. 10.1016\/j.pec.2020.08.022","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare8010026","article-title":"The role of empathy in health and social care professionals","volume":"8","author":"Moudatsou M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moudatsou M, Stavropoulou A, Philalithis A, Koukouli S. The role of empathy in health and social care professionals. Healthcare (Basel). 2020, 8:26. 10.3390\/healthcare8010026","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-019-01999-5","article-title":"Patient-rated physician empathy and patient satisfaction during pain clinic consultations","volume":"188","author":"Walsh S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Walsh S, O'Neill A, Hannigan A, Harmon D. Patient-rated physician empathy and patient satisfaction during pain clinic consultations. Ir J Med Sci. 2019, 188:1379-84. 10.1007\/s11845-019-01999-5","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077558712465774","article-title":"Patient-centered care and outcomes: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"70","author":"Rathert C","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rathert C, Wyrwich MD, Boren SA. Patient-centered care and outcomes: a systematic review of the literature. Med Care Res Rev. 2013, 70:351-79. 10.1177\/1077558712465774","journal-title":"Med Care Res Rev"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1754073919838609","article-title":"The role of empathy and compassion in conflict resolution","volume":"11","author":"Klimecki OM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Klimecki OM. The role of empathy and compassion in conflict resolution. Emotion Review. 2019, 11:310-25. 10.1177\/1754073919838609","journal-title":"Emotion Review"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9379756","article-title":"Physicians\u2019 self-assessed empathy and patients\u2019 perceptions of physicians\u2019 empathy: validation of the Greek Jefferson Scale of patient perception of physician empathy","volume":"2020","author":"Katsari V","year":"2020","unstructured":"Katsari V, Tyritidou A, Domeyer PR. Physicians\u2019 self-assessed empathy and patients\u2019 perceptions of physicians\u2019 empathy: validation of the Greek Jefferson Scale of patient perception of physician empathy. Biomed Res Int. 2020, 2020:9379756. 10.1155\/2020\/9379756","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2021.05.014","article-title":"The burden they bear: a scoping review of physician empathy in the intensive care unit","volume":"65","author":"Bunin J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bunin J, Shohfi E, Meyer H, Ely EW, Varpio L. The burden they bear: a scoping review of physician empathy in the intensive care unit. J Crit Care. 2021, 65:156-63. 10.1016\/j.jcrc.2021.05.014","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp13X660814","article-title":"Effectiveness of empathy in general practice: a systematic review","volume":"63","author":"Derksen F","year":"2013","unstructured":"Derksen F, Bensing J, Lagro-Janssen A. Effectiveness of empathy in general practice: a systematic review. Br J Gen Pract. 2013, 63:76-84. 10.3399\/bjgp13X660814","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfcm.JFCM_66_19","article-title":"Patient-rated physicians' empathy and its determinants in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","volume":"26","author":"Alzayer ZM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alzayer ZM, Abdulkader RS, Jeyashree K, Alselihem A. Patient-rated physicians' empathy and its determinants in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Family Community Med. 2019, 26:199-205. 10.4103\/jfcm.JFCM_66_19","journal-title":"J Family Community Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23743735221092607","article-title":"Perceived physician empathy in pediatric orthopedics: a cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Singleton IM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singleton IM, Garfinkel RJ, Malone JB, Temkit MH, Belthur MV. Perceived physician empathy in pediatric orthopedics: a cross-sectional study. J Patient Exp. 2022, 9:23743735221092607. 10.1177\/23743735221092607","journal-title":"J Patient Exp"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmh621","article-title":"The consultation and relational empathy (CARE) measure: development and preliminary validation and reliability of an empathy-based consultation process measure","volume":"21","author":"Mercer SW","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mercer SW, Maxwell M, Heaney D, Watt GC. The consultation and relational empathy (CARE) measure: development and preliminary validation and reliability of an empathy-based consultation process measure. Fam Pract. 2004, 21:699-705. 10.1093\/fampra\/cmh621","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cjs.003721","article-title":"Implementation, results and face validity of the Consultation and Relational Empathy measure in a Canadian department of surgery","volume":"65","author":"Solaja O","year":"2022","unstructured":"Solaja O, Moloo H, Hopkins E, et al.. Implementation, results and face validity of the Consultation and Relational Empathy measure in a Canadian department of surgery. Can J Surg. 2022, 65:749-55. 10.1503\/cjs.003721","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-2490-4_4","article-title":"An overview of psychological measurement","author":"Nunnally JC","year":"1978","unstructured":"Nunnally JC. An overview of psychological measurement. Clinical Diagnosis of Mental Disorders: A Handbook. Wolman BB (ed): Springer, Boston (MA); 1978. 97-146. 10.1007\/978-1-4684-2490-4_4"},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"Sample Size Calculator. (2022). Accessed. February 21, 2022: https:\/\/clincalc.com\/stats\/samplesize.aspx."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-017-0967-3","article-title":"How empathic is your healthcare practitioner? A systematic review and meta-analysis of patient surveys","volume":"17","author":"Howick J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Howick J, Steinkopf L, Ulyte A, Roberts N, Meissner K. How empathic is your healthcare practitioner? A systematic review and meta-analysis of patient surveys. BMC Med Educ. 2017, 17:136. 10.1186\/s12909-017-0967-3","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmac047","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) measure","volume":"39","author":"Al-Habbal K","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al-Habbal K, Djoundourian A, Nassar E, Tayara Z, Mercer SW, Abi-Habib R. Reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) measure. Fam Pract. 2022, 39:1176-82. 10.1093\/fampra\/cmac047","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40885-023-00246-5","article-title":"Quantitative measurement of empathy and analysis of its correlation to clinical factors in korean patients with chronic diseases","volume":"29","author":"Heo R","year":"2023","unstructured":"Heo R, Shin J, Kim BS, et al.. Quantitative measurement of empathy and analysis of its correlation to clinical factors in korean patients with chronic diseases. Clin Hypertens. 2023, 29:19. 10.1186\/s40885-023-00246-5","journal-title":"Clin Hypertens"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2018.1536587","article-title":"Empathy in vaccination counselling: a survey on the impact of a three-day residential course","volume":"15","author":"Maurici M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maurici M, Arigliani M, Dugo V, Leo C, Pettinicchio V, Arigliani R, Franco E. Empathy in vaccination counselling: a survey on the impact of a three-day residential course. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2019, 15:631-6. 10.1080\/21645515.2018.1536587","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2374373519875842","article-title":"Measurement of perceived physician empathy in orthopedic patients","volume":"7","author":"Keulen MH","year":"2020","unstructured":"Keulen MH, Teunis T, Kortlever JT, Vagner GA, Ring D, Reichel LM. Measurement of perceived physician empathy in orthopedic patients. J Patient Exp. 2020, 7:600-6. 10.1177\/2374373519875842","journal-title":"J Patient Exp"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzs001","article-title":"Predictors of perceived empathy among patients visiting primary health-care centers in central Ethiopia","volume":"24","author":"Birhanu Z","year":"2012","unstructured":"Birhanu Z, Assefa T, Woldie M, Morankar S. Predictors of perceived empathy among patients visiting primary health-care centers in central Ethiopia. Int J Qual Health Care. 2012, 24:161-8. 10.1093\/intqhc\/mzs001","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Empathy and burnout among physicians of different specialities","volume":"53","author":"Walocha E","year":"2013","unstructured":"Walocha E, Tomaszewski K, Wilczek-Ru\u017cyczka E, Walocha J. Empathy and burnout among physicians of different specialities. Folia Medica Cracoviensia. 2013, 53:35-42.","journal-title":"Folia Medica Cracoviensia"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-021-07055-2","article-title":"Predictors of physician compassion, empathy, and related constructs: a systematic review","volume":"37","author":"Pavlova A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pavlova A, Wang CX, Boggiss AL, O'Callaghan A, Consedine NS. Predictors of physician compassion, empathy, and related constructs: a systematic review. J Gen Intern Med. 2022, 37:900-11. 10.1007\/s11606-021-07055-2","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/442286-an-outpatient-cross-sectional-study-of-physicians-empathy-from-the-patients-perspective-a-comparison-of-the-arabic-version-of-the-consultation-and-relational-empathy-care-measure-across-four-disciplines","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T06:22:57Z","timestamp":1767853377000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/442286-an-outpatient-cross-sectional-study-of-physicians-empathy-from-the-patients-perspective-a-comparison-of-the-arabic-version-of-the-consultation-and-relational-empathy-care-measure-across-four-disciplines"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"references-count":23,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.101048","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]}}}