{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T21:23:05Z","timestamp":1768598585307,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.101657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T10:02:27Z","timestamp":1768557747000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Severe Iron-Deficiency Anemia and Hypoalbuminemia Associated With Excessive Cow\u2019s Milk Intake Driven by a Strong Belief in the Health Benefits of Cow\u2019s Milk in a 16-Month-Old Girl: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Tamotsu","family":"Gotou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Hagihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yamato","family":"Wada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyoji","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Futoshi","family":"Nagashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2011.00431.x","article-title":"Consumption of cow's milk as a cause of iron deficiency in infants and toddlers","volume":"69 Suppl 1","author":"Ziegler EE","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ziegler EE. Consumption of cow's milk as a cause of iron deficiency in infants and toddlers. Nutr Rev. 2011, 69 Suppl 1:S37-42. 10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2011.00431.x","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1301\/nr.2006.may.s34-s43","article-title":"Long-lasting neural and behavioral effects of iron deficiency in infancy","volume":"64","author":"Lozoff B","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lozoff B, Beard J, Connor J, Barbara F, Georgieff M, Schallert T. Long-lasting neural and behavioral effects of iron deficiency in infancy. Nutr Rev. 2006, 64:S34-43. 10.1301\/nr.2006.may.s34-s43","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482651103200307","article-title":"The importance of milk and other animal-source foods for children in low-income countries","volume":"32","author":"Dror DK","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dror DK, Allen LH. The importance of milk and other animal-source foods for children in low-income countries. Food Nutr Bull. 2011, 32:227-43. 10.1177\/156482651103200307","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.82916","article-title":"Comparative prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in exclusively breastfed versus exclusively cow milk-fed infants: a cross-sectional study","volume":"17","author":"Gul F","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gul F, Mulakalapalli S, Gul N, et al.. Comparative prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in exclusively breastfed versus exclusively cow milk-fed infants: a cross-sectional study. Cureus. 2025, 17:e82916. 10.7759\/cureus.82916","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.92394","article-title":"Pediatric venous sinus thrombosis secondary to cow's milk-induced iron-deficiency anemia","volume":"17","author":"Hooshmand SI","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hooshmand SI, Sawalha A, Cierny M. Pediatric venous sinus thrombosis secondary to cow's milk-induced iron-deficiency anemia. Cureus. 2025, 17:e92394. 10.7759\/cureus.92394","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000206","article-title":"Iron requirements of infants and toddlers","volume":"58","author":"Domell\u00f6f M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Domell\u00f6f M, Braegger C, Campoy C, et al.. Iron requirements of infants and toddlers. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014, 58:119-29. 10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000206","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"2-year-old boy with severe iron-deficiency anemia due to unbalanced nutrition and excessive cow's milk consumption","volume":"71","author":"Takamatsu S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Takamatsu S, Sawatari A, Tsuji H, et al.. 2-year-old boy with severe iron-deficiency anemia due to unbalanced nutrition and excessive cow's milk consumption. Jikeikai Med J. 2024, 71:75-8.","journal-title":"Jikeikai Med J"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1297\/cpe.25.71","article-title":"Growth standard charts for Japanese children with mean and standard deviation (SD) values based on the year 2000 national survey","volume":"25","author":"Isojima T","year":"2016","unstructured":"Isojima T, Kato N, Ito Y, Kanzaki S, Murata M. Growth standard charts for Japanese children with mean and standard deviation (SD) values based on the year 2000 national survey. Clin Pediatr Endocrinol. 2016, 25:71-6. 10.1297\/cpe.25.71","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"WHO Child Growth Standards: Length\/Height-for-Age, Weight-for-Age, Weight-for-Length, Weight-for-Height and Body Mass Index-for-Age: Methods and Development","author":"WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group","year":"2006","unstructured":"WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group. WHO Child Growth Standards: Length\/Height-for-Age, Weight-for-Age, Weight-for-Length, Weight-for-Height and Body Mass Index-for-Age: Methods and Development. World Health Organization, Geneva; 2006."},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity. (2011). Accessed. December 17, 2025: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-NMH-NHD-MNM-11.1."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo12040289","article-title":"New insights into iron deficiency anemia in children: a practical review","volume":"12","author":"Moscheo C","year":"2022","unstructured":"Moscheo C, Licciardello M, Samperi P, La Spina M, Di Cataldo A, Russo G. New insights into iron deficiency anemia in children: a practical review. Metabolites. 2022, 12:289. 10.3390\/metabo12040289","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1994.02170120113025","article-title":"Whole cow's milk, iron deficiency anemia, and hypoproteinemia: an old problem revisited","volume":"148","author":"Hamrick HJ","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hamrick HJ. Whole cow's milk, iron deficiency anemia, and hypoproteinemia: an old problem revisited. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1994, 148:1351-2. 10.1001\/archpedi.1994.02170120113025","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13030828","article-title":"The consequence of excessive consumption of cow's milk: protein-losing enteropathy with anasarca in the course of iron deficiency anemia-case reports and a literature review","volume":"13","author":"Graczykowska K","year":"2021","unstructured":"Graczykowska K, Kaczmarek J, Wilczy\u0144ska D, \u0141o\u015b-Rycharska E, Krogulska A. The consequence of excessive consumption of cow's milk: protein-losing enteropathy with anasarca in the course of iron deficiency anemia-case reports and a literature review. Nutrients. 2021, 13:828. 10.3390\/nu13030828","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2022.08.003","article-title":"The long-term clinical course of protein-losing enteropathy combined with iron deficiency anemia in Korean toddlers: possible association with cow's milk protein","volume":"64","author":"Lee YJ","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee YJ, Pak S, Hong J. The long-term clinical course of protein-losing enteropathy combined with iron deficiency anemia in Korean toddlers: possible association with cow's milk protein. Pediatr Neonatol. 2023, 64:146-53. 10.1016\/j.pedneo.2022.08.003","journal-title":"Pediatr Neonatol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0379572115602174","article-title":"The impact of marketing of breast-milk substitutes on WHO-recommended breastfeeding practices","volume":"36","author":"Piwoz EG","year":"2015","unstructured":"Piwoz EG, Huffman SL. The impact of marketing of breast-milk substitutes on WHO-recommended breastfeeding practices. Food Nutr Bull. 2015, 36:373-86. 10.1177\/0379572115602174","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"World Health Organization, United Nations Children\u2019s Fund (UNICEF). How the marketing of formula milk influences our decisions on infant feeding. (2022). Accessed. December 17, 2025: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240044609."},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"World Health Organization, United Nations Children\u2019s Fund (UNICEF). WHO\/UNICEF information note. cross-promotion of infant formula and toddler milks (WHO\/NMH\/NHD\/19.27). (2019). Accessed: December 17, 2025: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-NMH-NHD-19.27."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12269","article-title":"Cross-sectional survey shows that follow-up formula and growing-up milks are labelled similarly to infant formula in four low and middle income countries","volume":"12 Suppl 2","author":"Pereira C","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pereira C, Ford R, Feeley AB, Sweet L, Badham J, Zehner E. Cross-sectional survey shows that follow-up formula and growing-up milks are labelled similarly to infant formula in four low and middle income countries. Matern Child Nutr. 2016, 12 Suppl 2:91-105. 10.1111\/mcn.12269","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1553599","article-title":"Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and maternity protection: correlations with commercial milk formula consumption in East Asia and the Pacific","volume":"13","author":"Ching C","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ching C, Nguyen TT, Pereira-Kotze C, Zambrano P, Baker P, Mathisen R. Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and maternity protection: correlations with commercial milk formula consumption in East Asia and the Pacific. Front Pediatr. 2025, 13:1553599. 10.3389\/fped.2025.1553599","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan). Support Guide for Breastfeeding and Weaning (2019 revision). (2019). Accessed. January 13, 2026: https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/content\/11908000\/000496257.pdf."}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/454224-severe-iron-deficiency-anemia-and-hypoalbuminemia-associated-with-excessive-cows-milk-intake-driven-by-a-strong-belief-in-the-health-benefits-of-cows-milk-in-a-16-month-old-girl-a-case-report","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T10:02:36Z","timestamp":1768557756000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/454224-severe-iron-deficiency-anemia-and-hypoalbuminemia-associated-with-excessive-cows-milk-intake-driven-by-a-strong-belief-in-the-health-benefits-of-cows-milk-in-a-16-month-old-girl-a-case-report"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"references-count":20,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.101657","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]}}}