{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T15:14:11Z","timestamp":1770909251682,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.103469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T14:10:16Z","timestamp":1770905416000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Low Back Pain Among Employees of the Qassim Health Cluster: Prevalence, Patterns, and Predictive Factors"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Asim Abdelgader","family":"Farah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulmajeed A","family":"Alateeq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rayan Mohammed  M","family":"Alismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nihal Abdelrazig","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.230542","article-title":"The clinical course of acute, subacute and persistent low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"196","author":"Wallwork SB","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wallwork SB, Braithwaite FA, O'Keeffe M, et al.. The clinical course of acute, subacute and persistent low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CMAJ. 2024, 196:E29-46. 10.1503\/cmaj.230542","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2020.02.175","article-title":"Global low back pain prevalence and years lived with disability from 1990 to 2017: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"8","author":"Wu A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu A, March L, Zheng X, et al.. Global low back pain prevalence and years lived with disability from 1990 to 2017: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Ann Transl Med. 2020, 8:299. 10.21037\/atm.2020.02.175","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-068208","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of diseases and injuries for adults 70 years and older: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study","volume":"376","author":"GBD 2019 Ageing Collaborators","year":"2022","unstructured":"GBD 2019 Ageing Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of diseases and injuries for adults 70 years and older: systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study. BMJ. 2022, 376:e068208. 10.1136\/bmj-2021-068208","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34347","article-title":"A systematic review of the global prevalence of low back pain","volume":"64","author":"Hoy D","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hoy D, Bain C, Williams G, et al.. A systematic review of the global prevalence of low back pain. Arthritis Rheum. 2012, 64:2028-37. 10.1002\/art.34347","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2015.08.002","article-title":"Economic impact of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) on work in Europe","volume":"29","author":"Bevan S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bevan S. Economic impact of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) on work in Europe. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2015, 29:356-73. 10.1016\/j.berh.2015.08.002","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30489-6","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of low back pain: evidence, challenges, and promising directions","volume":"391","author":"Foster NE","year":"2018","unstructured":"Foster NE, Anema JR, Cherkin D, et al.. Prevention and treatment of low back pain: evidence, challenges, and promising directions. Lancet. 2018, 391:2368-2383. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30489-6","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30970-9","article-title":"Non-specific low back pain","volume":"389","author":"Maher C","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maher C, Underwood M, Buchbinder R. Non-specific low back pain. Lancet. 2017, 389:736-747. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30970-9","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182413288","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors associated with low back pain in the Saudi adult community: a cross-sectional study","volume":"18","author":"Alhowimel AS","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alhowimel AS, Alodaibi F, Alshehri MM, et al.. Prevalence and risk factors associated with low back pain in the Saudi adult community: a cross-sectional study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021, 18:10.3390\/ijerph182413288","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30488-4","article-title":"Low back pain: a call for action","volume":"391","author":"Buchbinder R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Buchbinder R, van Tulder M, \u00d6berg B, et al.. Low back pain: a call for action. Lancet. 2018, 391:2384-2388. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30488-4","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2991\/jegh.k.200417.001","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of low back pain in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Aldera MA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aldera MA, Alexander CM, McGregor AH. Prevalence and incidence of low back pain in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a systematic review. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2020, 10:269-75. 10.2991\/jegh.k.200417.001","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.05.018","article-title":"Risk factors for low back pain and sciatica: an umbrella review","volume":"18","author":"Parreira P","year":"2018","unstructured":"Parreira P, Maher CG, Steffens D, et al.. Risk factors for low back pain and sciatica: an umbrella review. Spine J. 2018, 18:1715-21. 10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.05.018","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-069517","article-title":"Global prevalence of hospital admissions for low back pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Melman A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Melman A, Lord HJ, Coombs D, et al.. Global prevalence of hospital admissions for low back pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2023, 13:e069517. 10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-069517","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hpm.2148","article-title":"\"Diagnosing\" Saudi health reforms: is NHIS the right \"prescription\"?","volume":"28","author":"Al-Sharqi OZ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Al-Sharqi OZ, Abdullah MT. \"Diagnosing\" Saudi health reforms: is NHIS the right \"prescription\"?. Int J Health Plann Manage. 2013, 28:308-19. 10.1002\/hpm.2148","journal-title":"Int J Health Plann Manage"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Private and public healthcare in Saudi Arabia: future challenges","volume":"2","author":"Yusuf N","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yusuf N. Private and public healthcare in Saudi Arabia: future challenges. Int J Bus Econ Dev. 2014, 2:114-118.","journal-title":"Int J Bus Econ Dev"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30480-X","article-title":"What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention","volume":"391","author":"Hartvigsen J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A, et al.. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet. 2018, 391:2356-2367.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.62347\/XXGO6414","article-title":"Low back pain in medical workers and its influencing factors","volume":"16","author":"Xie XM","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xie XM, Huang ZH, Xue B, et al.. Low back pain in medical workers and its influencing factors. Am J Transl Res. 2024, 16:2525-32. 10.62347\/XXGO6414","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2016.07.004","article-title":"Low back pain prevalence and related workplace psychosocial risk factors: a study using data from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey","volume":"39","author":"Yang H","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang H, Haldeman S, Lu ML, Baker D. Low back pain prevalence and related workplace psychosocial risk factors: a study using data from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2016, 39:459-72. 10.1016\/j.jmpt.2016.07.004","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656560903304063","article-title":"The epidemiology, economic burden, and pharmacological treatment of chronic low back pain in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK: a literature-based review","volume":"10","author":"Juniper M","year":"2009","unstructured":"Juniper M, Le TK, Mladsi D. The epidemiology, economic burden, and pharmacological treatment of chronic low back pain in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK: a literature-based review. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2009, 10:2581-92. 10.1517\/14656560903304063","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-018-5742-6","article-title":"Cost of low back pain: results from a national register study in Sweden","volume":"27","author":"Olafsson G","year":"2018","unstructured":"Olafsson G, Jonsson E, Fritzell P, et al.. Cost of low back pain: results from a national register study in Sweden. Eur Spine J. 2018, 27:2875-81. 10.1007\/s00586-018-5742-6","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.7431","article-title":"Prevention of low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"176","author":"Steffens D","year":"2016","unstructured":"Steffens D, Maher CG, Pereira LS, et al.. Prevention of low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2016, 176:199-208. 10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.7431","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.15-0168-OA","article-title":"Predictors for chronic neck and low back pain in office workers: a 1-year prospective cohort study","volume":"58","author":"Sihawong R","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sihawong R, Sitthipornvorakul E, Paksaichol A, Janwantanakul P. Predictors for chronic neck and low back pain in office workers: a 1-year prospective cohort study. J Occup Health. 2016, 58:16-24. 10.1539\/joh.15-0168-OA","journal-title":"J Occup Health"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.761765","article-title":"Lower back pain as an occupational hazard among Ugandan health workers","volume":"9","author":"Aleku M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aleku M, Nelson K, Abio A, et al.. Lower back pain as an occupational hazard among Ugandan health workers. Front Public Health. 2021, 9:761765. 10.3389\/fpubh.2021.761765","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16214254","article-title":"Low back pain and its associated factors among nurses in public hospitals of Penang, Malaysia","volume":"16","author":"Ibrahim MI","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ibrahim MI, Zubair IU, Yaacob NM, et al.. Low back pain and its associated factors among nurses in public hospitals of Penang, Malaysia. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019, 16:10.3390\/ijerph16214254","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors associated with low back pain among nurses in a tertiary care hospital in South India","volume":"6","author":"Nair RS","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nair RS. Prevalence and risk factors associated with low back pain among nurses in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Int J Orthop. 2020, 6:301-306.","journal-title":"Int J Orthop"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-172526","article-title":"Effects of patient-handling and individual factors on the prevalence of low back pain among nursing personnel","volume":"56","author":"Samaei SE","year":"2017","unstructured":"Samaei SE, Mostafaee M, Jafarpoor H, Hosseinabadi MB. Effects of patient-handling and individual factors on the prevalence of low back pain among nursing personnel. Work. 2017, 56:551-61. 10.3233\/WOR-172526","journal-title":"Work"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nuf.12269","article-title":"Prevalence of low back pain and associated factors among nurses in Jordan","volume":"53","author":"Suliman M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Suliman M. Prevalence of low back pain and associated factors among nurses in Jordan. Nurs Forum. 2018, 53:425-31. 10.1111\/nuf.12269","journal-title":"Nurs Forum"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2021.102903","article-title":"Low back pain and its related risk factors in health care providers at hospitals: A systematic review","volume":"70","author":"Rezaei B","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rezaei B, Mousavi E, Heshmati B, Asadi S. Low back pain and its related risk factors in health care providers at hospitals: A systematic review. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021, 70:102903. 10.1016\/j.amsu.2021.102903","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg (Lond)"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Low back pain among nurses working in clinical settings of Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 years of studies","volume":"21","author":"Kasa AS","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kasa AS, Workineh Y, Ayalew E, Temesgen WA. Low back pain among nurses working in clinical settings of Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 years of studies. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020, 21:310.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200011150-00017","article-title":"The Oswestry Disability Index","volume":"25","author":"Fairbank JC","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fairbank JC, Pynsent PB. The Oswestry Disability Index. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000, 25:2940-52; discussion 2952. 10.1097\/00007632-200011150-00017","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"Sample Size Determination in Health Studies","author":"Lwanga SK","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lwanga SK, Lemeshow S. Sample Size Determination in Health Studies. World Health Organization, Geneva; 1991."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/s13382-012-0008-8","article-title":"Prevalence, characteristics, and work-related risk factors of low back pain among hospital nurses in Taiwan: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"25","author":"Lin PH","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lin PH, Tsai YA, Chen WC, Huang SF. Prevalence, characteristics, and work-related risk factors of low back pain among hospital nurses in Taiwan: a cross-sectional survey. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2012, 25:41-50. 10.2478\/s13382-012-0008-8","journal-title":"Int J Occup Med Environ Health"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.shaw.2016.04.001","article-title":"Allied health professionals and work-related musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Anderson SP","year":"2016","unstructured":"Anderson SP, Oakman J. Allied health professionals and work-related musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review. Saf Health Work. 2016, 7:259-67. 10.1016\/j.shaw.2016.04.001","journal-title":"Saf Health Work"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9406(05)60749-3","article-title":"Work-related strain injuries in physiotherapists: prevalence and prevention of musculoskeletal disorders","volume":"88","author":"Glover W","year":"2002","unstructured":"Glover W. Work-related strain injuries in physiotherapists: prevalence and prevention of musculoskeletal disorders. Physiotherapy. 2002, 88:364-372. 10.1016\/S0031-9406(05)60749-3","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2016.06.013","article-title":"Increased low back pain risk in nurses with high workload for patient care: A questionnaire survey","volume":"55","author":"Shieh SH","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shieh SH, Sung FC, Su CH, et al.. Increased low back pain risk in nurses with high workload for patient care: A questionnaire survey. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2016, 55:525-9. 10.1016\/j.tjog.2016.06.013","journal-title":"Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5505\/agri.2017.32549","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among health-care workers in Denizli","volume":"29","author":"\u015eim\u015fek \u015e","year":"2017","unstructured":"\u015eim\u015fek \u015e, Ya\u011fc\u0131 N, \u015eenol H. Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among health-care workers in Denizli. Agri. 2017, 29:71-8. 10.5505\/agri.2017.32549","journal-title":"Agri"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2008.04905.x","article-title":"Low back pain: prevalence and associated risk factors among hospital staff","volume":"65","author":"Karahan A","year":"2009","unstructured":"Karahan A, Kav S, Abbasoglu A, Dogan N. Low back pain: prevalence and associated risk factors among hospital staff. J Adv Nurs. 2009, 65:516-24. 10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2008.04905.x","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-019-2431-5","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with low back pain among health care workers in southwestern Saudi Arabia","volume":"20","author":"Alnaami I","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alnaami I, Awadalla NJ, Alkhairy M, et al.. Prevalence and factors associated with low back pain among health care workers in southwestern Saudi Arabia. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019, 20:56. 10.1186\/s12891-019-2431-5","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/JAMPS\/2016\/24173","article-title":"Epidemiology of low back pain in Saudi Arabia","volume":"6","author":"Awaji MA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Awaji MA. Epidemiology of low back pain in Saudi Arabia. J Adv Med Pharm Sci. 2016, 6:1-9. 10.9734\/JAMPS\/2016\/24173","journal-title":"J Adv Med Pharm Sci"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/BJMMR\/2016\/20785","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among workers in a health facility in South-South Nigeria","volume":"11","author":"Johnson OE","year":"2016","unstructured":"Johnson OE, Edward E. Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among workers in a health facility in South-South Nigeria. Br J Med Med Res. 2016, 11:1-8. 10.9734\/BJMMR\/2016\/20785","journal-title":"Br J Med Med Res"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19338244.2011.627895","article-title":"Back pain among health care workers in a Saudi Aramco facility: prevalence and associated factors","volume":"68","author":"Behisi MA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Behisi MA, Al-Otaibi ST, Beach J. Back pain among health care workers in a Saudi Aramco facility: prevalence and associated factors. Arch Environ Occup Health. 2013, 68:30-8. 10.1080\/19338244.2011.627895","journal-title":"Arch Environ Occup Health"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/459469-low-back-pain-among-employees-of-the-qassim-health-cluster-prevalence-patterns-and-predictive-factors","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T14:10:17Z","timestamp":1770905417000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/459469-low-back-pain-among-employees-of-the-qassim-health-cluster-prevalence-patterns-and-predictive-factors"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"references-count":40,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.103469","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]}}}