{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T17:36:14Z","timestamp":1771004174108,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.103537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T16:55:19Z","timestamp":1771001719000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diagnostic Excellence, Imaging Stewardship, and Re-establishing the Value Proposition in Radiology: A Look Back and a Way Forward"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Stephen","family":"Waite","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Brady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Graber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John D","family":"Banja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Sheppard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael A","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.161.2.8333390","article-title":"A history of radiology at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital","volume":"161","author":"Holman BL","year":"1993","unstructured":"Holman BL, Edwards SA. A history of radiology at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1993, 161:437-41. 10.2214\/ajr.161.2.8333390","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989x9101100203","article-title":"The efficacy of diagnostic imaging","volume":"11","author":"Fryback DG","year":"1991","unstructured":"Fryback DG, Thornbury JR. The efficacy of diagnostic imaging. Med Decis Making. 1991, 11:88-94. 10.1177\/0272989x9101100203","journal-title":"Med Decis Making"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020209027","article-title":"Radiology in the era of value-based healthcare: a multi-society expert statement from the ACR, CAR, ESR, IS3R, RANZCR, and RSNA","volume":"298","author":"Brady AP","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brady AP, Bello JA, Derchi LE, et al.. Radiology in the era of value-based healthcare: a multi-society expert statement from the ACR, CAR, ESR, IS3R, RANZCR, and RSNA. Radiology. 2021, 298:486-91. 10.1148\/radiol.2020209027","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.231986","article-title":"Photon-counting CT in thoracic imaging: early clinical evidence and incorporation into clinical practice","volume":"310","author":"Fletcher JG","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fletcher JG, Inoue A, Bratt A, et al.. Photon-counting CT in thoracic imaging: early clinical evidence and incorporation into clinical practice. Radiology. 2024, 310:231986. 10.1148\/radiol.231986","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1102873","article-title":"Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening","volume":"365","author":"Aberle DR","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aberle DR, Adams AM, Berg CD, National Lung Screening Trial Research Team. Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening. N Engl J Med. 2011, 365:395. 10.1056\/NEJMoa1102873","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2018180133","article-title":"Radiology report value equation","volume":"38","author":"Eberhardt SC","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eberhardt SC, Heilbrun ME. Radiology report value equation. RadioGraphics. 2018, 38:1888-96. 10.1148\/rg.2018180133","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"","author":"Interagency Working Group on Medical Imaging","year":"2017","unstructured":"Interagency Working Group on Medical Imaging, Committee on Science, National Science and Technology Council. Roadmap for Medical Imaging Research and Development. National Science and Technology Council, Washington, DC; 2017. https:\/\/share.google\/uBRuoPBAiiXi0whjh."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2025.0505","article-title":"Projected lifetime cancer risks from current computed tomography imaging","author":"Smith-Bindman R","year":"2025","unstructured":"Smith-Bindman R, Chu PW, Azman Firdaus H, et al.. Projected lifetime cancer risks from current computed tomography imaging. JAMA Internal Medicine. 2025, 10.1001\/jamainternmed.2025.0505","journal-title":"JAMA Internal Medicine"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/EVIDra2300252","article-title":"Types of evidence needed to assess the clinical value of diagnostic imaging","volume":"3","author":"Stewart C","year":"2024","unstructured":"Stewart C, Davenport MS, Miglioretti DL, Smith-Bindman R. Types of evidence needed to assess the clinical value of diagnostic imaging. NEJM Evidence. 2024, 3:2300252. 10.1056\/EVIDra2300252","journal-title":"NEJM Evidence"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2018.07.001","article-title":"Addressing burnout in radiologists","volume":"26","author":"Chetlen AL","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chetlen AL, Chan TL, Ballard DH, et al.. Addressing burnout in radiologists. Acad Radiol. 2019, 26:526-33. 10.1016\/j.acra.2018.07.001","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Core Elements of Hospital Diagnostic Excellence (DxEx). (2025). Accessed. July 10, 2025: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/patient-safety\/hcp\/hospital-dx-excellence\/index.html."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.25.32753","article-title":"Diagnostic excellence: an opportunity, and call to action, for radiologists","volume":"225","author":"Gunabushanam G","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gunabushanam G, Asch D, Pahade JK. Diagnostic excellence: an opportunity, and call to action, for radiologists. Am J Roentgenol. 2025, 225:10.2214\/AJR.25.32753","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-07004-z","article-title":"Interventions to reduce low-value imaging - a systematic review of interventions and outcomes","volume":"21","author":"Kjelle E","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kjelle E, Andersen ER, Soril LJJ, van Bodegom-Vos L, Hofmann BM. Interventions to reduce low-value imaging - a systematic review of interventions and outcomes. BMC Health Serv Res. 2021, 21:983. 10.1186\/s12913-021-07004-z","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/m15-2256","article-title":"Improving diagnosis in health care: highlights of a report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","volume":"164","author":"Ball JR","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ball JR, Balogh E. Improving diagnosis in health care: highlights of a report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Ann Intern Med. 2015, 164:10.7326\/m15-2256","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-09328-4","article-title":"Drivers for low-value imaging: a qualitative study of stakeholders' perspectives in Norway","volume":"23","author":"Brands\u00e6ter I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Brands\u00e6ter I, Andersen ER, Hofmann BM, Kjelle E. Drivers for low-value imaging: a qualitative study of stakeholders' perspectives in Norway. BMC Health Serv Res. 2023, 23:295. 10.1186\/s12913-023-09328-4","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2015.08.026","article-title":"Awareness, utilization, and education of the ACR appropriateness criteria: a review and future directions","volume":"13","author":"Sheng AY","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sheng AY, Castro A, Lewiss RE. Awareness, utilization, and education of the ACR appropriateness criteria: a review and future directions. J Am Coll Radiol. 2016, 13:131-6. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2015.08.026","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2016.04.016","article-title":"Reductions in high-end imaging utilization with radiology review and consultation","volume":"13","author":"Ingraham B","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ingraham B, Miller K, Iaia A, et al.. Reductions in high-end imaging utilization with radiology review and consultation. J Am Coll Radiol. 2016, 13:1079-82. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2016.04.016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2009.11.010","article-title":"Analysis of appropriateness of outpatient CT and MRI referred from primary care clinics at an academic medical center: how critical is the need for improved decision support?","volume":"7","author":"Lehnert BE","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lehnert BE, Bree RL. Analysis of appropriateness of outpatient CT and MRI referred from primary care clinics at an academic medical center: how critical is the need for improved decision support?. J Am Coll Radiol. 2010, 7:192-7. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2009.11.010","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2025.2049","article-title":"Factors and outcomes of inappropriate thyroid ultrasonography","volume":"151","author":"Larios F","year":"2025","unstructured":"Larios F, Toro-Tobon D, Jacome CS, et al.. Factors and outcomes of inappropriate thyroid ultrasonography. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2025, 151:843-52. 10.1001\/jamaoto.2025.2049","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.25.34269","article-title":"Inappropriate ordering of thyroid ultrasound: can we prevent patients from entering the diagnostic cascade that leads to overdiagnosis?","volume":"2025","author":"Jones JA","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jones JA, Andresen KJ. Inappropriate ordering of thyroid ultrasound: can we prevent patients from entering the diagnostic cascade that leads to overdiagnosis?. Am J Roentgenol. 2025, 2025:10.2214\/ajr.25.34269","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2022.06.001","article-title":"A systematic review of interventions to reduce computed tomography usage in the emergency department","volume":"80","author":"Dunne CL","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dunne CL, Elzinga JL, Vorobeichik A, et al.. A systematic review of interventions to reduce computed tomography usage in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 2022, 80:548-60. 10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2022.06.001","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.15.15394","article-title":"Mandatory assignment of modified Wells scores before CT angiography for pulmonary embolism fails to improve utilization or percentage of positive cases","volume":"207","author":"Geeting GK","year":"2016","unstructured":"Geeting GK, Beck M, Bruno MA, et al.. Mandatory assignment of modified Wells scores before CT angiography for pulmonary embolism fails to improve utilization or percentage of positive cases. Am J Roentgenol. 2016, 207:442-9. 10.2214\/ajr.15.15394","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.08.017","article-title":"Factors driving resistance to clinical decision support: finding inspiration in radiology 3.0","volume":"19","author":"Bruno MA","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bruno MA, Fotos JS, Pitot M, et al.. Factors driving resistance to clinical decision support: finding inspiration in radiology 3.0. J Am Coll Radiol. 2022, 19:366-76. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.08.017","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3946\/kjme.2018.92","article-title":"Understanding uncertainty in medicine: concepts and implications in medical education","volume":"30","author":"Kim K","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim K, Lee YM. Understanding uncertainty in medicine: concepts and implications in medical education. Korean J Med Educ. 2018, 30:181-8. 10.3946\/kjme.2018.92","journal-title":"Korean J Med Educ"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.4888","article-title":"Clinician-level predictors for ordering low-value imaging","volume":"177","author":"Hong AS","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hong AS, Ross-Degnan D, Zhang F, Wharam JF. Clinician-level predictors for ordering low-value imaging. JAMA Intern Med. 2017, 177:1577-85. 10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.4888","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Aequanimitas: With Other Addresses to Medical Students, Nurses and Practitioners of Medicine","author":"Osler W","year":"1920","unstructured":"Osler W. Aequanimitas: With Other Addresses to Medical Students, Nurses and Practitioners of Medicine. HK Lewis, London, England; 1920."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm198906013202211","article-title":"Our stubborn quest for diagnostic certainty","volume":"320","author":"Kassirer JP","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kassirer JP. Our stubborn quest for diagnostic certainty. N Engl J Med. 1989, 320:1489-91. 10.1056\/nejm198906013202211","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g6123","article-title":"Role of fear in overdiagnosis and overtreatment\u2014an essay by Iona Heath","volume":"349","author":"Heath I","year":"2014","unstructured":"Heath I. Role of fear in overdiagnosis and overtreatment\u2014an essay by Iona Heath. BMJ. 2014, 349:6123. 10.1136\/bmj.g6123","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.028","article-title":"Patient and clinician experiences of uncertainty in the diagnostic process: current understanding and future directions","volume":"104","author":"Meyer AND","year":"2021","unstructured":"Meyer AND, Giardina TD, Khawaja L, Singh H. Patient and clinician experiences of uncertainty in the diagnostic process: current understanding and future directions. Patient Educ Couns. 2021, 104:2606-15. 10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.028","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12625","article-title":"Emergency physician perceptions of medically unnecessary advanced diagnostic imaging","volume":"22","author":"Kanzaria HK","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kanzaria HK, Hoffman JR, Probst MA, Caloyeras JP, Berry SH, Brook RH. Emergency physician perceptions of medically unnecessary advanced diagnostic imaging. Acad Emerg Med. 2015, 22:390-8. 10.1111\/acem.12625","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2373050278","article-title":"Education and the art of uncertainty","volume":"237","author":"Gunderman RB","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gunderman RB. Education and the art of uncertainty. Radiology. 2005, 237:801-2. 10.1148\/radiol.2373050278","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2023.10.009","article-title":"Patient-centered radiology communications: engaging patients as partners","volume":"21","author":"Dutruel SP","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dutruel SP, Hentel KD, Hecht EM, Kadom N. Patient-centered radiology communications: engaging patients as partners. J Am Coll Radiol. 2024, 21:7-18. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2023.10.009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2019.05.016","article-title":"A secondary analysis to identify patient-centered outcomes in the ACR's appropriateness criteria","volume":"16","author":"Thompson MJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thompson MJ, Hardy V, Zigman Suchsland M, et al.. A secondary analysis to identify patient-centered outcomes in the ACR's appropriateness criteria. J Am Coll Radiol. 2019, 16:1645-55. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2019.05.016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7284.444","article-title":"Towards a global definition of patient centred care","volume":"322","author":"Stewart M","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stewart M. Towards a global definition of patient centred care. BMJ. 2001, 322:444-5. 10.1136\/bmj.322.7284.444","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2021-013311","article-title":"Patient-centred outcomes of imaging tests: recommendations for patients, clinicians and researchers","volume":"32","author":"Thompson MJ","year":"2023","unstructured":"Thompson MJ, Suchsland MZ, Hardy V, et al.. Patient-centred outcomes of imaging tests: recommendations for patients, clinicians and researchers. BMJ Qual Saf. 2023, 32:536-45. 10.1136\/bmjqs-2021-013311","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13849","article-title":"Patients' requests for radiological imaging: a qualitative study on general practitioners' perspectives","volume":"26","author":"De Silva L","year":"2023","unstructured":"De Silva L, Baysari M, Keep M, Kench P, Clarke J. Patients' requests for radiological imaging: a qualitative study on general practitioners' perspectives. Health Expect. 2023, 26:2453-60. 10.1111\/hex.13849","journal-title":"Health Expect"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2018.08.021","article-title":"Patient-centered outcomes related to imaging testing in US primary care","volume":"16","author":"Zigman Suchsland ML","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zigman Suchsland ML, Witwer E, Truitt AR, et al.. Patient-centered outcomes related to imaging testing in US primary care. J Am Coll Radiol. 2019, 16:156-63. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2018.08.021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.2762","article-title":"Reassurance after diagnostic testing with a low pretest probability of serious disease: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"173","author":"Rolfe A","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rolfe A, Burton C. Reassurance after diagnostic testing with a low pretest probability of serious disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2013, 173:407-16. 10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.2762","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.11","article-title":"Diagnostic testing and the illusory reassurance of normal results: comment on \"Reassurance after diagnostic testing with a low pretest probability of serious disease\"","volume":"173","author":"Kroenke K","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kroenke K. Diagnostic testing and the illusory reassurance of normal results: comment on \"Reassurance after diagnostic testing with a low pretest probability of serious disease\". JAMA Intern Med. 2013, 173:416-7. 10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.11","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"Fear of Malpractice Liability and Its Role in Clinical Decision Making. Decision Making in Psychiatry and the Law","author":"Hauser MJ","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hauser MJ, Commons ML, Bursztajn HJ, Gutheil TG. Fear of Malpractice Liability and Its Role in Clinical Decision Making. Decision Making in Psychiatry and the Law. Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, MD; 1991."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.21.2609","article-title":"Defensive medicine among high-risk specialist physicians in a volatile malpractice environment","volume":"293","author":"Studdert DM","year":"2005","unstructured":"Studdert DM, Mello MM, Sage WM, et al.. Defensive medicine among high-risk specialist physicians in a volatile malpractice environment. JAMA. 2005, 293:2609-17. 10.1001\/jama.293.21.2609","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v6.i11.406","article-title":"Defensive medicine: it is time to finally slow down an epidemic","volume":"6","author":"Vento S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vento S, Cainelli F, Vallone A. Defensive medicine: it is time to finally slow down an epidemic. World J Clin Cases. 2018, 6:406-9. 10.12998\/wjcc.v6.i11.406","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2015.03.016","article-title":"The prevalence and impact of defensive medicine in the radiographic workup of the trauma patient: a pilot study","volume":"210","author":"Chen J","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen J, Majercik S, Bledsoe J, et al.. The prevalence and impact of defensive medicine in the radiographic workup of the trauma patient: a pilot study. Am J Surg. 2015, 210:462-7. 10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2015.03.016","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181970","article-title":"Overtreatment in the United States","volume":"12","author":"Lyu H","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lyu H, Xu T, Brotman D, et al.. Overtreatment in the United States. PLoS One. 2017, 12:0181970. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0181970","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref45","article-title":"The downside of medical progress: the mourning of a medical dinosaur","volume":"36","author":"Fred HL","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fred HL. The downside of medical progress: the mourning of a medical dinosaur. Tex Heart Inst J. 2009, 36:4-7.","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1684878","article-title":"Advances in technology has made critical care impersonal","volume":"2","author":"Mehta Y","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mehta Y, Mehta C. Advances in technology has made critical care impersonal. J Cardiac Crit Care TSS. 2019, 2:10.1055\/s-0039-1684878","journal-title":"J Cardiac Crit Care TSS"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5116\/ijme.5b3f.9fb3","article-title":"The decline of clinical skills: a challenge for medical schools","volume":"9","author":"Faustinella F","year":"2018","unstructured":"Faustinella F, Jacobs RJ. The decline of clinical skills: a challenge for medical schools. Int J Med Educ. 2018, 9:195-7. 10.5116\/ijme.5b3f.9fb3","journal-title":"Int J Med Educ"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-09121-7","article-title":"Did medical doctors who order abdominal CT scans during on-call hours truly become worse at clinical reasoning? Yes, they did","volume":"33","author":"Ersoydan S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ersoydan S, Yakar D, Kasalak \u00d6, Kwee TC. Did medical doctors who order abdominal CT scans during on-call hours truly become worse at clinical reasoning? Yes, they did. Eur Radiol. 2023, 33:1015-21. 10.1007\/s00330-022-09121-7","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.22.28926","article-title":"Incidental findings and low-value care","volume":"221","author":"Davenport MS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Davenport MS. Incidental findings and low-value care. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2023, 221:117-23. 10.2214\/ajr.22.28926","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2012.10.003","article-title":"Professional norms regarding how radiologists handle incidental findings","volume":"10","author":"Brown SD","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brown SD. Professional norms regarding how radiologists handle incidental findings. J Am Coll Radiol. 2013, 10:253-257. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2012.10.003","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06313-6","article-title":"Incidental findings in thoracic CTs performed in trauma patients: an underestimated problem","volume":"29","author":"Mortani Barbosa EJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mortani Barbosa EJ, Jr., Osuntokun O. Incidental findings in thoracic CTs performed in trauma patients: an underestimated problem. Eur Radiol. 2019, 29:6772-6779. 10.1007\/s00330-019-06313-6","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.13325","article-title":"Cascades of care after incidental findings in a US National Survey of Physicians","volume":"2","author":"Ganguli I","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ganguli I, Simpkin AL, Lupo C, et al.. Cascades of care after incidental findings in a US National Survey of Physicians. JAMA Netw Open. 2019, 2:1913325. 10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.13325","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"ref53","article-title":"The Digital Doctor: Hope, Hype, and Harm at the Dawn of Medicine's Computer Age","author":"Wachter R","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wachter R. The Digital Doctor: Hope, Hype, and Harm at the Dawn of Medicine's Computer Age. McGraw-Hill Education, Columbus (OH); 2015."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2011.12.021","article-title":"The loneliness of the long-distance radiologist","volume":"9","author":"Gunderman RB","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gunderman RB, Tillack AA. The loneliness of the long-distance radiologist. J Am Coll Radiol. 2012, 9:530-3. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2011.12.021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2482080375","article-title":"Radiologists: physicians or expert image interpreters?","volume":"248","author":"Maynard CD","year":"2008","unstructured":"Maynard CD. Radiologists: physicians or expert image interpreters?. Radiology. 2008, 248:333-6. 10.1148\/radiol.2482080375","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/jmdh.S207649","article-title":"Difficulties and possibilities in communication between referring clinicians and radiologists: perspective of clinicians","volume":"12","author":"Fatahi N","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fatahi N, Krupic F, Hellstr\u00f6m M. Difficulties and possibilities in communication between referring clinicians and radiologists: perspective of clinicians. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2019, 12:555-64. 10.2147\/jmdh.S207649","journal-title":"J Multidiscip Healthc"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-023-01377-x","article-title":"\u201cRole of radiology in a multidisciplinary approach to patient care\u201d: summary of the ESR International Forum 2022","volume":"14","author":"European Society of Radiology (ESR)","year":"2023","unstructured":"European Society of Radiology (ESR). \u201cRole of radiology in a multidisciplinary approach to patient care\u201d: summary of the ESR International Forum 2022. Insights Imaging. 2023, 14:26. 10.1186\/s13244-023-01377-x","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-018-0077-8","article-title":"Impact of PACS-EMR integration on radiologist usage of the EMR","volume":"31","author":"Mongan J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mongan J, Avrin D. Impact of PACS-EMR integration on radiologist usage of the EMR. J Digit Imaging. 2018, 31:611-4. 10.1007\/s10278-018-0077-8","journal-title":"J Digit Imaging"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2024.08.030","article-title":"Seven challenges in radiology practice: from declining reimbursement to inadequate labor force: summary of the 2023 ACR Intersociety meeting","volume":"22","author":"Siewert B","year":"2025","unstructured":"Siewert B, Bruno MA, Bourland JD, et al.. Seven challenges in radiology practice: from declining reimbursement to inadequate labor force: summary of the 2023 ACR Intersociety meeting. J Am Coll Radiol. 2025, 22:129-38. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2024.08.030","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2016.02.005","article-title":"In-person communication between radiologists and acute care surgeons leads to significant alterations in surgical decision making","volume":"13","author":"Dickerson EC","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dickerson EC, Alam HB, Brown RK, Stojanovska J, Davenport MS. In-person communication between radiologists and acute care surgeons leads to significant alterations in surgical decision making. J Am Coll Radiol. 2016, 13:943-49. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2016.02.005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.1150","article-title":"Health care spending in the United States and other high-income countries","volume":"319","author":"Papanicolas I","year":"2018","unstructured":"Papanicolas I, Woskie LR, Jha AK. Health care spending in the United States and other high-income countries. JAMA. 2018, 319:1024-39. 10.1001\/jama.2018.1150","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.221263","article-title":"Patient exposure from radiologic and nuclear medicine procedures in the United States and worldwide: 2009-2018","volume":"307","author":"Mahesh M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mahesh M, Ansari AJ, Mettler FA, Jr. Patient exposure from radiologic and nuclear medicine procedures in the United States and worldwide: 2009-2018. Radiology. 2023, 307:221263. 10.1148\/radiol.221263","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.09.2946","article-title":"Initial observations of electronic medical record usage during CT and MRI interpretation: frequency of use and impact on workflow","volume":"195","author":"Lin A","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lin A, Harris M, Zalis M. Initial observations of electronic medical record usage during CT and MRI interpretation: frequency of use and impact on workflow. Am J Roentgenol. 2010, 195:188-93. 10.2214\/ajr.09.2946","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.13.1602","article-title":"Accuracy of diagnostic tests read with and without clinical information: a systematic review","volume":"292","author":"Loy CT","year":"2004","unstructured":"Loy CT, Irwig L. Accuracy of diagnostic tests read with and without clinical information: a systematic review. JAMA. 2004, 292:1602-9. 10.1001\/jama.292.13.1602","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.5867","article-title":"Frequency and types of patient-reported errors in electronic health record ambulatory care notes","volume":"3","author":"Bell SK","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bell SK, Delbanco T, Elmore JG, et al.. Frequency and types of patient-reported errors in electronic health record ambulatory care notes. JAMA Network Open. 2020, 3:205867. 10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.5867","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.06.020","article-title":"Curbing the urge to image","volume":"129","author":"Litkowski PE","year":"2016","unstructured":"Litkowski PE, Smetana GW, Zeidel ML, Blanchard MS. Curbing the urge to image. Am J Med. 2016, 129:1131-5. 10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.06.020","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.20295","article-title":"Curbing unnecessary and wasted diagnostic imaging","volume":"321","author":"Oren O","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oren O, Kebebew E, Ioannidis JPA. Curbing unnecessary and wasted diagnostic imaging. JAMA. 2019, 321:245-6. 10.1001\/jama.2018.20295","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1305679","article-title":"From imaging gatekeeper to service provider\u2014a transatlantic journey","volume":"369","author":"Jha S","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jha S. From imaging gatekeeper to service provider\u2014a transatlantic journey. N Engl J Med. 2013, 369:5-7. 10.1056\/NEJMp1305679","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2015.06.031","article-title":"From gatekeeper to steward: the evolving concept of radiologist accountability for imaging utilization","volume":"12","author":"Durand DJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Durand DJ, McGinty G, Duszak R, Jr. From gatekeeper to steward: the evolving concept of radiologist accountability for imaging utilization. J Am Coll Radiol. 2015, 12:1446-8. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2015.06.031","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2007.05.014","article-title":"The evolving role of radiologists within the health care system","volume":"4","author":"Knechtges PM","year":"2007","unstructured":"Knechtges PM, Carlos RC. The evolving role of radiologists within the health care system. J Am Coll Radiol. 2007, 4:626-35. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2007.05.014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.10.6393","article-title":"Masters of radiology panel discussion: the commoditization of radiology","volume":"196","author":"Forman HP","year":"2011","unstructured":"Forman HP, Larson DB, Kaye AD, et al.. Masters of radiology panel discussion: the commoditization of radiology. Am J Roentgenol. 2011, 196:843-7. 10.2214\/ajr.10.6393","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.220176","article-title":"CT approach to lung injury","volume":"43","author":"Marquis KM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marquis KM, Hammer MM, Steinbrecher K, et al.. CT approach to lung injury. RadioGraphics. 2023, 43:220176. 10.1148\/rg.220176","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019182826","article-title":"Variation in follow-up imaging recommendations in radiology reports: patient, modality, and radiologist predictors","volume":"291","author":"Cochon LR","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cochon LR, Kapoor N, Carrodeguas E, et al.. Variation in follow-up imaging recommendations in radiology reports: patient, modality, and radiologist predictors. Radiology. 2019, 291:700-7. 10.1148\/radiol.2019182826","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2020.12.031","article-title":"Radiologist variation in the rates of follow-up imaging recommendations made for pulmonary nodules","volume":"18","author":"Kapoor N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kapoor N, Lacson R, Cochon L, et al.. Radiologist variation in the rates of follow-up imaging recommendations made for pulmonary nodules. J Am Coll Radiol. 2021, 18:896-905. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2020.12.031","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59091679","article-title":"Advancements in standardizing radiological reports: a comprehensive review","volume":"59","author":"Pesapane F","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pesapane F, Tantrige P, De Marco P, et al.. Advancements in standardizing radiological reports: a comprehensive review. Medicina (Kaunas). 2023, 59:10.3390\/medicina59091679","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.01.046","article-title":"ACR thyroid imaging, reporting and data system (TI-RADS): white paper of the ACR TI-RADS Committee","volume":"14","author":"Tessler FN","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tessler FN, Middleton WD, Grant EG, et al.. ACR thyroid imaging, reporting and data system (TI-RADS): white paper of the ACR TI-RADS Committee. J Am Coll Radiol. 2017, 14:587-95. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.01.046","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref77","unstructured":"Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS\u2122). (2025). Accessed. July 10, 2025: https:\/\/www.acr.org\/Quality-Safety\/Resources\/LungRADS."},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcct.2016.04.005","article-title":"CAD-RADS(TM) coronary artery disease - reporting and data system. An expert consensus document of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT), the American College of Radiology (ACR) and the North American Society for Cardiovascular Imaging (NASCI). Endorsed by the American College of Cardiology","volume":"10","author":"Cury RC","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cury RC, Abbara S, Achenbach S, et al.. CAD-RADS(TM) coronary artery disease - reporting and data system. An expert consensus document of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT), the American College of Radiology (ACR) and the North American Society for Cardiovascular Imaging (NASCI). Endorsed by the American College of Cardiology. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2016, 10:269-81. 10.1016\/j.jcct.2016.04.005","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2015.06.093","article-title":"PI-RADS version 2: what you need to know","volume":"70","author":"Barrett T","year":"2015","unstructured":"Barrett T, Turkbey B, Choyke PL. PI-RADS version 2: what you need to know. Clin Radiol. 2015, 70:1165-76. 10.1016\/j.crad.2015.06.093","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.11272","article-title":"CT colonography reporting and data system (C-RADS): benchmark values from a clinical screening program","volume":"202","author":"Pooler BD","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pooler BD, Kim DH, Lam VP, Burnside ES, Pickhardt PJ. CT colonography reporting and data system (C-RADS): benchmark values from a clinical screening program. Am J Roentgenol. 2014, 202:1232-7. 10.2214\/AJR.13.11272","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2025.07.027","article-title":"Potential frameworks for communicating diagnostic certainty in radiology reports: from the ACR Commission on Quality and Safety","volume":"22","author":"Shinagare AB","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shinagare AB, Shankar PR, Chernyak V, et al.. Potential frameworks for communicating diagnostic certainty in radiology reports: from the ACR Commission on Quality and Safety. J Am Coll Radiol. 2025, 22:1390-8. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2025.07.027","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdq215","article-title":"Surveillance CT scans are a source of anxiety and fear of recurrence in long-term lymphoma survivors","volume":"21","author":"Thompson CA","year":"2010","unstructured":"Thompson CA, Charlson ME, Schenkein E, et al.. Surveillance CT scans are a source of anxiety and fear of recurrence in long-term lymphoma survivors. Ann Oncol. 2010, 21:2262-6. 10.1093\/annonc\/mdq215","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7401.1273","article-title":"VOMIT (victims of modern imaging technology)\u2014an acronym for our times","volume":"326","author":"Hayward R","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hayward R. VOMIT (victims of modern imaging technology)\u2014an acronym for our times. BMJ. 2003, 326:1273. 10.1136\/bmj.326.7401.1273","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref84","unstructured":"Appropriate use criteria for advanced diagnostic imaging. CY 2024 update. (2024). Accessed: September 10, 2024: https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/files\/document\/mm13485-appropriate-use-criteria-advanced-diagnostic-imaging-cy-2024-update.pdf."},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.01.002","article-title":"Lessons from the free-text epidemic: opportunities to optimize deployment of imaging clinical decision support","volume":"18","author":"Fried JG","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fried JG, Pakpoor J, Kahn CE, Jr., Zafar HM. Lessons from the free-text epidemic: opportunities to optimize deployment of imaging clinical decision support. J Am Coll Radiol. 2021, 18:467-74. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.01.002","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.5631","article-title":"The Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (MACRA) made simple for medical and radiation oncologists: a narrative review","volume":"5","author":"Jones RT","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jones RT, Helm B, Parris D, Grubbs SS, Choy H, Kapetanovic K. The Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (MACRA) made simple for medical and radiation oncologists: a narrative review. JAMA Oncology. 2019, 5:723-7. 10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.5631","journal-title":"JAMA Oncology"},{"key":"ref87","article-title":"2015 Review of the Expert and Academic Literature Assessing Impact of Medicare Access and CHIP. Reauthorization Act of 2015","author":"Cooper Z","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cooper Z, Jurinka E, Pare T, Stern D. 2015 Review of the Expert and Academic Literature Assessing Impact of Medicare Access and CHIP. Reauthorization Act of 2015. Yale University, New Haven (CT); 2015."},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-019-01942-2","article-title":"PAMA implementation: the road ahead","volume":"26","author":"Doukky R","year":"2019","unstructured":"Doukky R. PAMA implementation: the road ahead. J Nucl Cardiol. 2019, 26:1789-91. 10.1007\/s12350-019-01942-2","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-021-00433-6","article-title":"Improved appropriateness of advanced diagnostic imaging after implementation of clinical decision support mechanism","volume":"34","author":"Chepelev LL","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chepelev LL, Wang X, Gold B, et al.. Improved appropriateness of advanced diagnostic imaging after implementation of clinical decision support mechanism. J Digit Imaging. 2021, 34:397-403. 10.1007\/s10278-021-00433-6","journal-title":"J Digit Imaging"},{"key":"ref90","unstructured":"Appropriate use criteria program. (2024). https.\/\/www.cms.gov\/medicare\/quality\/appropriate-use-criteria-program."},{"key":"ref91","unstructured":"CMS pauses AUC program for advanced diagnostic imaging, rescinds current regulations. (2023). https.\/\/www.acc.org\/Latest-in-Cardiology\/Articles\/2023\/12\/14\/15\/16\/CMS-Pauses-AUC-Program-For-Advanced-diagnostic-Ima...."},{"key":"ref92","unstructured":"Blackburn, Cortez Masto introduce bill to reduce unwarranted medical imaging and save taxpayers billions. (2025). https.\/\/www.blackburn.senate.gov\/2025\/5\/health%20care\/blackburn-cortez-masto-introduce-bill-to-reduce-unwarranted-med...."},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2024.10.017","article-title":"Projected US imaging utilization, 2025 to 2055","volume":"22","author":"Christensen EW","year":"2025","unstructured":"Christensen EW, Drake AR, Parikh JR, Rubin EM, Rula EY. Projected US imaging utilization, 2025 to 2055. J Am Coll Radiol. 2025, 22:151-8. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2024.10.017","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2024.10.019","article-title":"Projected US radiologist supply, 2025 to 2055","volume":"22","author":"Christensen EW","year":"2025","unstructured":"Christensen EW, Parikh JR, Drake AR, Rubin EM, Rula EY. Projected US radiologist supply, 2025 to 2055. J Am Coll Radiol. 2025, 22:161-9. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2024.10.019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.13713","article-title":"What is the appropriate measure of radiology workload: study or image numbers?","volume":"68","author":"Troupis CJ","year":"2024","unstructured":"Troupis CJ, Knight RAH, Lau KK. What is the appropriate measure of radiology workload: study or image numbers?. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 2024, 68:530-9. 10.1111\/1754-9485.13713","journal-title":"J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.24.31686","article-title":"Opportunity and opportunism in artificial-intelligence-powered data extraction: a value-centered approach","volume":"223","author":"Waite S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Waite S, Davenport MS, Graber ML, Banja JD, Sheppard B, Bruno M. Opportunity and opportunism in artificial-intelligence-powered data extraction: a value-centered approach. Am J Roentgenol. 2024, 223:10.2214\/ajr.24.31686","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnlssr.2024.06.001","article-title":"Exploring the risks of automation bias in healthcare artificial intelligence applications: a Bowtie analysis","volume":"5","author":"Abdelwanis M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abdelwanis M, Alarafati HK, Tammam MMS, Simsekler MCE. Exploring the risks of automation bias in healthcare artificial intelligence applications: a Bowtie analysis. J Saf Sci Resil. 2024, 5:460-9. 10.1016\/j.jnlssr.2024.06.001","journal-title":"J Saf Sci Resil"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.222176","article-title":"Automation bias in mammography: the impact of artificial intelligence BI-RADS suggestions on reader performance","volume":"307","author":"Dratsch T","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dratsch T, Chen X, Rezazade Mehrizi M, et al.. Automation bias in mammography: the impact of artificial intelligence BI-RADS suggestions on reader performance. Radiology. 2023, 307:222176. 10.1148\/radiol.222176","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.07.30.24311234","article-title":"Just because you're paranoid doesn't mean they won't side with the plaintiff: examining perceptions of liability about AI in radiology","author":"Bernstein M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bernstein M, Sheppard B, Bruno M, Baird G. Just because you're paranoid doesn't mean they won't side with the plaintiff: examining perceptions of liability about AI in radiology. MedRxiv. 2024, 10.1101\/2024.07.30.24311234","journal-title":"MedRxiv"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.11.014","article-title":"When artificial intelligence models surpass physician performance: medical malpractice liability in an era of advanced artificial intelligence","volume":"19","author":"Banja JD","year":"2022","unstructured":"Banja JD, Hollstein RD, Bruno MA. When artificial intelligence models surpass physician performance: medical malpractice liability in an era of advanced artificial intelligence. J Am Coll Radiol. 2022, 19:816-20. 10.1016\/j.jacr.2021.11.014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-023-09747-1","article-title":"Can incorrect artificial intelligence (AI) results impact radiologists, and if so, what can we do about it? A multi-reader pilot study of lung cancer detection with chest radiography","volume":"33","author":"Bernstein MH","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bernstein MH, Atalay MK, Dibble EH, et al.. Can incorrect artificial intelligence (AI) results impact radiologists, and if so, what can we do about it? A multi-reader pilot study of lung cancer detection with chest radiography. Eur Radiol. 2023, 33:8263-9. 10.1007\/s00330-023-09747-1","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/AIoa2400785","article-title":"Randomized study of the impact of AI on perceived legal liability for radiologists","volume":"2(6)","author":"Bernstein MH","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bernstein MH, Sheppard B, Bruno MA, Lay PS, Baird GL. Randomized study of the impact of AI on perceived legal liability for radiologists. NEJM AI. 2025, 2(6):2400785. 10.1056\/AIoa2400785","journal-title":"NEJM AI"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.12.27.24319688","article-title":"Accessing AI mammography reports impacts patient interest in pursuing a medical malpractice claim: the unintended consequences of including AI in patient portals","author":"Song EC","year":"2024","unstructured":"Song EC, Bernstein MH, Lay PS, et al.. Accessing AI mammography reports impacts patient interest in pursuing a medical malpractice claim: the unintended consequences of including AI in patient portals. medRxiv. 2024, 10.1101\/2024.12.27.24319688","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2025.0514","article-title":"Balancing computed tomography\u2019s benefits with radiation risks","author":"Richman IB","year":"2025","unstructured":"Richman IB, Katz MH. Balancing computed tomography\u2019s benefits with radiation risks. JAMA Intern Med. 2025, 10.1001\/jamainternmed.2025.0514","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/459428-diagnostic-excellence-imaging-stewardship-and-re-establishing-the-value-proposition-in-radiology-a-look-back-and-a-way-forward","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T16:55:22Z","timestamp":1771001722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/459428-diagnostic-excellence-imaging-stewardship-and-re-establishing-the-value-proposition-in-radiology-a-look-back-and-a-way-forward"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"references-count":104,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.103537","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]}}}