{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T15:06:56Z","timestamp":1771168016141,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.103650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T14:27:21Z","timestamp":1771165641000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Definition and Determination of the Correct Tibial Entry Portal With Accuracy in Intramedullary Nailing of Tibial Fractures"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Rishabh","family":"Saxena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashwani","family":"Mathur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nakul","family":"Fauzdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neel","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shataayu","family":"Gugale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shreyansh","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manasvi","family":"Bagree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.130","article-title":"Epidemiology of adult fractures: a review","volume":"37","author":"Court-Brown CM","year":"2006","unstructured":"Court-Brown CM, Caesar B. Epidemiology of adult fractures: a review. Injury. 2006, 37:691-7. 10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.130","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199607000-00029","article-title":"Semiextended position of intramedullary nailing of the proximal tibia","author":"Tornetta P 3rd","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tornetta P 3rd, Collins E. Semiextended position of intramedullary nailing of the proximal tibia. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996, 185-9. 10.1097\/00003086-199607000-00029","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31816ed974","article-title":"Radiographic and clinical comparisons of distal tibia shaft fractures (4 to 11 cm proximal to the plafond): plating versus intramedullary nailing","volume":"22","author":"Vallier HA","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vallier HA, Le TT, Bedi A. Radiographic and clinical comparisons of distal tibia shaft fractures (4 to 11 cm proximal to the plafond): plating versus intramedullary nailing. J Orthop Trauma. 2008, 22:307-11. 10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31816ed974","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01694","article-title":"Randomized trial of reamed and unreamed intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fractures","volume":"90","author":"Bhandari M","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bhandari M, Guyatt G, Tornetta P 3rd, Schemitsch EH, Swiontkowski M, Sanders D, Walter SD. Randomized trial of reamed and unreamed intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008, 90:2567-78. 10.2106\/JBJS.G.01694","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_600_21","article-title":"Socioeconomic status scales: Revised Kuppuswamy, BG Prasad, and Udai Pareekh's scale updated for 2021","volume":"10","author":"Majumder S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Majumder S. Socioeconomic status scales: Revised Kuppuswamy, BG Prasad, and Udai Pareekh's scale updated for 2021. J Family Med Prim Care. 2021, 10:3964-7. 10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_600_21","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001063","article-title":"Fracture and dislocation classification compendium - 2018","volume":"32","author":"Meinberg EG","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meinberg EG, Agel J, Roberts CS, Karam MD, Kellam JF. Fracture and dislocation classification compendium - 2018. J Orthop Trauma. 2018, 32:S1-S170. 10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001063","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197658040-00004","article-title":"Prevention of infection in the treatment of one thousand and twenty-five open fractures of long bones: retrospective and prospective analyses","volume":"58","author":"Gustilo RB","year":"1976","unstructured":"Gustilo RB, Anderson JT. Prevention of infection in the treatment of one thousand and twenty-five open fractures of long bones: retrospective and prospective analyses. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1976, 58:453-8.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"North American Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Research Network. The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS): scale development, measurement properties, and clinical application","volume":"79","author":"Binkley JM","year":"1999","unstructured":"Binkley JM, Stratford PW, Lott SA, Riddle DL. North American Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Research Network. The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS): scale development, measurement properties, and clinical application. Phys Ther. 1999, 79:371-83.","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658201000306","article-title":"Evaluation of knee ligament surgery results with special emphasis on use of a scoring scale","volume":"10","author":"Lysholm J","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lysholm J, Gillquist J. Evaluation of knee ligament surgery results with special emphasis on use of a scoring scale. Am J Sports Med. 1982, 10:150-4. 10.1177\/036354658201000306","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199911000-00006","article-title":"The mechanical effect of blocking screws (\"Poller screws\") in stabilizing tibia fractures with short proximal or distal fragments after insertion of small-diameter intramedullary nails","volume":"13","author":"Krettek C","year":"1999","unstructured":"Krettek C, Miclau T, Schandelmaier P, Stephan C, M\u00f6hlmann U, Tscherne H. The mechanical effect of blocking screws (\"Poller screws\") in stabilizing tibia fractures with short proximal or distal fragments after insertion of small-diameter intramedullary nails. J Orthop Trauma. 1999, 13:550-3. 10.1097\/00005131-199911000-00006","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200105000-00002","article-title":"Percutaneous stabilization of U-shaped sacral fractures using iliosacral screws: technique and early results","volume":"15","author":"Nork SE","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nork SE, Jones CB, Harding SP, Mirza SK, Routt ML Jr. Percutaneous stabilization of U-shaped sacral fractures using iliosacral screws: technique and early results. J Orthop Trauma. 2001, 15:238-46. 10.1097\/00005131-200105000-00002","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3180336923","article-title":"Open fractures of the tibia treated by immediate intramedullary tibial nail insertion without reaming: a prospective study","volume":"21","author":"Kakar S","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kakar S, Tornetta P 3rd. Open fractures of the tibia treated by immediate intramedullary tibial nail insertion without reaming: a prospective study. J Orthop Trauma. 2007, 21:153-7. 10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3180336923","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199204000-00030","article-title":"Comparison of functional bracing and locked intramedullary nailing in the treatment of displaced tibial shaft fractures","author":"Alho A","year":"1992","unstructured":"Alho A, Benterud JG, H\u00f8gevold HE, Ekeland A, Str\u00f8ms\u00f8e K. Comparison of functional bracing and locked intramedullary nailing in the treatment of displaced tibial shaft fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1992, 243-50.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Fractures of the tibia and fibula treated by casts and transfixing pins","volume":"179","author":"Anderson LD","year":"1974","unstructured":"Anderson LD, Hutchins WC, Wright PE, Disney JM. Fractures of the tibia and fibula treated by casts and transfixing pins. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1974, 179:91.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.113.1.178","article-title":"Evaluation of potential fat emboli during placement of intramedullary nails after orthopedic fractures","volume":"113","author":"Aoki N","year":"1998","unstructured":"Aoki N, Soma K, Shindo M, Kurosawa T, Ohwada T. Evaluation of potential fat emboli during placement of intramedullary nails after orthopedic fractures. Chest. 1998, 113:178-81. 10.1378\/chest.113.1.178","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Validation study of WOMAC: a health status instrument for measuring clinically important patient relevant outcomes to antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee","volume":"15","author":"Bellamy N","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bellamy N, Buchanan WW, Goldsmith CH, Campbell J, Stitt LW. Validation study of WOMAC: a health status instrument for measuring clinically important patient relevant outcomes to antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. J Rheumatol. 1988, 15:1833-40.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2020.05.005","article-title":"Dynamic limited axial compression yields favorable functional outcomes in the fixation of Pauwels type-3 femoral neck fractures: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"51","author":"Liu JF","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu JF, Zhang SD, Huang L, et al.. Dynamic limited axial compression yields favorable functional outcomes in the fixation of Pauwels type-3 femoral neck fractures: A retrospective cohort study. Injury. 2020, 51:1851-7. 10.1016\/j.injury.2020.05.005","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13107\/jocr.2025.v15.i02.5300","article-title":"Suprapatellar technique for tibia fractures: is the fracture level important?","volume":"15","author":"Yadav S","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yadav S, Kumar G, Tanpure S, Keluskar C, Bhavsar A, Kharat S. Suprapatellar technique for tibia fractures: is the fracture level important?. J Orthop Case Rep. 2025, 15:256-61. 10.13107\/jocr.2025.v15.i02.5300","journal-title":"J Orthop Case Rep"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Expert nail in management of distal tibial fractures","volume":"7","author":"Khalil SA","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khalil SA, Albegawi H, Zied MA, Elseadawy AS. Expert nail in management of distal tibial fractures. Benha J Appl Sci. 2022, 7:87-94.","journal-title":"Benha J Appl Sci"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"Enclavado endomedular en fracturas de tibia. \u00bfExiste una relaci\u00f3n entre el punto de entrada para la inserci\u00f3n del clavo y su alineaci\u00f3n final?","volume":"87","author":"Nieto IH","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nieto IH, Mangupli MM, Allende BL, Pioli IJ, G\u00f3mez JM. Enclavado endomedular en fracturas de tibia. \u00bfExiste una relaci\u00f3n entre el punto de entrada para la inserci\u00f3n del clavo y su alineaci\u00f3n final?. Rev Asoc Argent Ortop Traumatol. 2022, 87:188-96.","journal-title":"Rev Asoc Argent Ortop Traumatol"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Functional outcome of extra-articular distal tibia fracture treated with tibia interlocking nail: A case series","volume":"10","author":"Patel I","year":"2024","unstructured":"Patel I, Kavi S, Amin T, Modi DR, Kantaria H, Masalawala H. Functional outcome of extra-articular distal tibia fracture treated with tibia interlocking nail: A case series. J Orthop Spine Trauma. 2024, 10:111-4.","journal-title":"J Orthop Spine Trauma"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2255-4971(15)30383-9","article-title":"Localization of the tibial entry point","volume":"45","author":"Labronici PJ","year":"2010","unstructured":"Labronici PJ, Moreira Junior IL, Lyra FS, et al.. Localization of the tibial entry point. Rev Bras Ortop. 2010, 45:375-81. 10.1016\/S2255-4971(15)30383-9","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ortop"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.22271\/ortho.2019.v5.i3j.1587","article-title":"Prospective randomized study of outcome of intramedullary interlocking nail as primary fixation method in grade I & II compound fractures of tibia","volume":"5","author":"Shekhawat MS","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shekhawat MS, Verma RK, Jangir R, Lal VK. Prospective randomized study of outcome of intramedullary interlocking nail as primary fixation method in grade I & II compound fractures of tibia. Int J Orthop Sci. 2019, 5:544-50.","journal-title":"Int J Orthop Sci"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Radiological factors causing anterior knee pain after intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fractures","volume":"67","author":"Ayd\u0131n M","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ayd\u0131n M, Karadamar \u00d6L, Kele\u015f E, Aslanta\u015f Kaplan B, Aydilek A, Erta\u015f ES. Radiological factors causing anterior knee pain after intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fractures. G\u00fclhane Med J. 2025, 67:127-32.","journal-title":"G\u00fclhane Med J"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4236\/ss.2015.67048","article-title":"Results of dynamic interlock nailing in distal tibial fractures","volume":"6","author":"Gadegone W","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gadegone W, Salphale Y, Lokhande V. Results of dynamic interlock nailing in distal tibial fractures. Surgical Science. 2015, 6:317-26.","journal-title":"Surgical Science"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/411814-definition-and-determination-of-the-correct-tibial-entry-portal-with-accuracy-in-intramedullary-nailing-of-tibial-fractures","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T14:27:22Z","timestamp":1771165642000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/411814-definition-and-determination-of-the-correct-tibial-entry-portal-with-accuracy-in-intramedullary-nailing-of-tibial-fractures"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]]},"references-count":25,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.103650","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]]}}}