{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T21:19:04Z","timestamp":1791494344936,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.104160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T07:43:11Z","timestamp":1771918991000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Baxdrostat in Resistant Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Ashish","family":"Wadhwani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameer U","family":"Khasbage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumedha R","family":"Zade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhusudan P","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yogendra","family":"Keche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyanka M","family":"Ahire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.189141","article-title":"Resistant hypertension: diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Professional Education Committee of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research","volume":"117","author":"Calhoun DA","year":"2008","unstructured":"Calhoun DA, Jones D, Textor S, et al.. Resistant hypertension: diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Professional Education Committee of the Council for High Blood Pressure Research. Circulation. 2008, 117:e510-26. 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.189141","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000084","article-title":"Resistant hypertension: detection, evaluation, and management: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"72","author":"Carey RM","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carey RM, Calhoun DA, Bakris GL, et al.. Resistant hypertension: detection, evaluation, and management: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension. 2018, 72:e53-90. 10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000084","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2018-313599","article-title":"Global prevalence of resistant hypertension: a meta-analysis of data from 3.2 million patients","volume":"105","author":"Noubiap JJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Noubiap JJ, Nansseu JR, Nyaga UF, Sime PS, Francis I, Bigna JJ. Global prevalence of resistant hypertension: a meta-analysis of data from 3.2 million patients. Heart. 2019, 105:98-105. 10.1136\/heartjnl-2018-313599","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.068064","article-title":"Incidence and prognosis of resistant hypertension in hypertensive patients","volume":"125","author":"Daugherty SL","year":"2012","unstructured":"Daugherty SL, Powers JD, Magid DJ, et al.. Incidence and prognosis of resistant hypertension in hypertensive patients. Circulation. 2012, 125:1635-42. 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.068064","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.142","article-title":"Comparative risk of renal, cardiovascular, and mortality outcomes in controlled, uncontrolled resistant, and nonresistant hypertension","volume":"88","author":"Sim JJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sim JJ, Bhandari SK, Shi J, Reynolds K, Calhoun DA, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Jacobsen SJ. Comparative risk of renal, cardiovascular, and mortality outcomes in controlled, uncontrolled resistant, and nonresistant hypertension. Kidney Int. 2015, 88:622-32. 10.1038\/ki.2015.142","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2022-321730","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of resistant hypertension","volume":"110","author":"Camafort M","year":"2024","unstructured":"Camafort M, Kreutz R, Cho MC. Diagnosis and management of resistant hypertension. Heart. 2024, 110:1336-42. 10.1136\/heartjnl-2022-321730","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2013-305063","article-title":"High rates of non-adherence to antihypertensive treatment revealed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HP LC-MS\/MS) urine analysis","volume":"100","author":"Tomaszewski M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tomaszewski M, White C, Patel P, et al.. High rates of non-adherence to antihypertensive treatment revealed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HP LC-MS\/MS) urine analysis. Heart. 2014, 100:855-61. 10.1136\/heartjnl-2013-305063","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2005.06.013","article-title":"True resistant hypertension: is it possible to be recognized in the office?","volume":"18","author":"Muxfeldt ES","year":"2005","unstructured":"Muxfeldt ES, Bloch KV, Nogueira Ada R, Salles GF. True resistant hypertension: is it possible to be recognized in the office?. Am J Hypertens. 2005, 18:1534-40. 10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2005.06.013","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909023411001","article-title":"The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure","volume":"341","author":"Pitt B","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, et al.. The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1999, 341:709-17. 10.1056\/NEJM199909023411001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.07.059","article-title":"A prospective study of the prevalence of primary aldosteronism in 1,125 hypertensive patients","volume":"48","author":"Rossi GP","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rossi GP, Bernini G, Caliumi C, et al.. A prospective study of the prevalence of primary aldosteronism in 1,125 hypertensive patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006, 48:2293-300. 10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.07.059","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.01.052","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism encountered in primary care practice","volume":"69","author":"Monticone S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Monticone S, Burrello J, Tizzani D, et al.. Prevalence and clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism encountered in primary care practice. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017, 69:1811-20. 10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.01.052","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2019.107796","article-title":"Vascular mineralocorticoid receptor activation and disease","volume":"188","author":"Barrera-Chimal J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Barrera-Chimal J, Jaisser F. Vascular mineralocorticoid receptor activation and disease. Exp Eye Res. 2019, 188:107796. 10.1016\/j.exer.2019.107796","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2013.110","article-title":"Contribution of aldosterone to cardiovascular and renal inflammation and fibrosis","volume":"9","author":"Brown NJ","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brown NJ. Contribution of aldosterone to cardiovascular and renal inflammation and fibrosis. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2013, 9:459-69. 10.1038\/nrneph.2013.110","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00257-3","article-title":"Spironolactone versus placebo, bisoprolol, and doxazosin to determine the optimal treatment for drug-resistant hypertension (PATHWAY-2): a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial","volume":"386","author":"Williams B","year":"2015","unstructured":"Williams B, MacDonald TM, Morant S, et al.. Spironolactone versus placebo, bisoprolol, and doxazosin to determine the optimal treatment for drug-resistant hypertension (PATHWAY-2): a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial. Lancet. 2015, 386:2059-68. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00257-3","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e3283455ca5","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized study comparing the antihypertensive effect of eplerenone and spironolactone in patients with hypertension and evidence of primary aldosteronism","volume":"29","author":"Parthasarathy HK","year":"2011","unstructured":"Parthasarathy HK, M\u00e9nard J, White WB, et al.. A double-blind, randomized study comparing the antihypertensive effect of eplerenone and spironolactone in patients with hypertension and evidence of primary aldosteronism. J Hypertens. 2011, 29:980-90. 10.1097\/HJH.0b013e3283455ca5","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040135","article-title":"Rates of hyperkalemia after publication of the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study","volume":"351","author":"Juurlink DN","year":"2004","unstructured":"Juurlink DN, Mamdani MM, Lee DS, Kopp A, Austin PC, Laupacis A, Redelmeier DA. Rates of hyperkalemia after publication of the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study. N Engl J Med. 2004, 351:543-51. 10.1056\/NEJMoa040135","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht187","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of the novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist BAY 94-8862 in patients with chronic heart failure and mild or moderate chronic kidney disease: a randomized, double-blind trial","volume":"34","author":"Pitt B","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pitt B, Kober L, Ponikowski P, et al.. Safety and tolerability of the novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist BAY 94-8862 in patients with chronic heart failure and mild or moderate chronic kidney disease: a randomized, double-blind trial. Eur Heart J. 2013, 34:2453-63. 10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht187","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07821109","article-title":"Potassium homeostasis and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors","volume":"5","author":"Weir MR","year":"2010","unstructured":"Weir MR, Rolfe M. Potassium homeostasis and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010, 5:531-48. 10.2215\/CJN.07821109","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.58624\/SVOAMR.2026.04.001","article-title":"Aldosterone synthase inhibitors in resistant hypertension","volume":"4","author":"Damianich G","year":"2026","unstructured":"Damianich G, Rold\u00e1n N. Aldosterone synthase inhibitors in resistant hypertension. SVOA Med Res. 2026, 4:1-10. 10.58624\/SVOAMR.2026.04.001","journal-title":"SVOA Med Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2026.106126","article-title":"Endocrine and metabolic determinants of cardiometabolic risk in mild autonomous cortisol secretion","volume":"124","author":"Prete A","year":"2026","unstructured":"Prete A, Abdi L, Canducci M, et al.. Endocrine and metabolic determinants of cardiometabolic risk in mild autonomous cortisol secretion. EBioMedicine. 2026, 124:106126. 10.1016\/j.ebiom.2026.106126","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S315359","article-title":"Clinical utility of osilodrostat in Cushing's disease: review of currently available literature","volume":"17","author":"Perosevic M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Perosevic M, Tritos NA. Clinical utility of osilodrostat in Cushing's disease: review of currently available literature. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2023, 17:1303-12. 10.2147\/DDDT.S315359","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2213169","article-title":"Phase 2 trial of Baxdrostat for treatment-resistant hypertension","volume":"388","author":"Freeman MW","year":"2023","unstructured":"Freeman MW, Halvorsen YD, Marshall W, et al.. Phase 2 trial of Baxdrostat for treatment-resistant hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2023, 388:395-405. 10.1056\/NEJMoa2213169","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1097968","article-title":"The selective aldosterone synthase inhibitor Baxdrostat significantly lowers blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension","volume":"13","author":"Forzano I","year":"2022","unstructured":"Forzano I, Mone P, Varzideh F, Jankauskas SS, Kansakar U, De Luca A, Santulli G. The selective aldosterone synthase inhibitor Baxdrostat significantly lowers blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022, 13:1097968. 10.3389\/fendo.2022.1097968","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-010-0175-6","article-title":"The kidneys and aldosterone\/mineralocorticoid receptor system in salt-sensitive hypertension","volume":"13","author":"Shibata S","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shibata S, Fujita T. The kidneys and aldosterone\/mineralocorticoid receptor system in salt-sensitive hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2011, 13:109-15. 10.1007\/s11906-010-0175-6","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328363570c","article-title":"Aldosterone synthase inhibition for the treatment of hypertension and the derived mechanistic requirements for a new therapeutic strategy","volume":"31","author":"Schumacher CD","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schumacher CD, Steele RE, Brunner HR. Aldosterone synthase inhibition for the treatment of hypertension and the derived mechanistic requirements for a new therapeutic strategy. J Hypertens. 2013, 31:2085-93. 10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328363570c","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2302673","article-title":"Baxdrostat for treatment-resistant hypertension","volume":"388","author":"Fisk M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fisk M. Baxdrostat for treatment-resistant hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2023, 388:1821. 10.1056\/NEJMc2302673","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2507109","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Baxdrostat in uncontrolled and resistant hypertension","volume":"393","author":"Flack JM","year":"2025","unstructured":"Flack JM, Azizi M, Brown JM, et al.. Efficacy and safety of Baxdrostat in uncontrolled and resistant hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2025, 393:1363-74. 10.1056\/NEJMoa2507109","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"A study of CIN-107 in patients with uncontrolled hypertension (HALO) (NCT05137002). (2023).  https.\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT05137002."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al.. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021, 372:n71. 10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n160","article-title":"PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, Moher D, Bossuyt PM, et al.. PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021, 372:n160. 10.1136\/bmj.n160","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne JA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne JA, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ, et al.. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2019, 366:l4898. 10.1136\/bmj.l4898","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","article-title":"Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses","volume":"327","author":"Higgins JP","year":"2003","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003, 327:557-60. 10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","article-title":"GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations","volume":"336","author":"Guyatt GH","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, Sch\u00fcnemann HJ. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2008, 336:924-6. 10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39500.677199.AE","article-title":"Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations for diagnostic tests and strategies","volume":"336","author":"Sch\u00fcnemann HJ","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann HJ, Oxman AD, Brozek J, et al.. Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations for diagnostic tests and strategies. BMJ. 2008, 336:1106-10. 10.1136\/bmj.39500.677199.AE","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref35","unstructured":"Baxdrostat reduces 24-hour blood pressure in resistant hypertension by 14 mmHg. (2025). Accessed. February 4, 2026: https:\/\/pace-cme.org\/news\/baxdrostat-reduces-24-hour-blood-pressure-in-resistant-hypertension-by-14-mmhg\/2484797\/."},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Management of urinary incontinence","volume":"37","author":"Demaagd GA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Demaagd GA, Davenport TC. Management of urinary incontinence. P T. 2012, 37:345-61H.","journal-title":"P T"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33696\/Pharmacol.6.048","article-title":"Aldosterone synthase inhibitors for treatment of hypertension and chronic kidney disease","volume":"6","author":"Mikhail N","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mikhail N. Aldosterone synthase inhibitors for treatment of hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Arch Pharmacol Ther. 2024, 6:8-12. 10.33696\/Pharmacol.6.048","journal-title":"Arch Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra035279","article-title":"Managing hyperkalemia caused by inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system","volume":"351","author":"Palmer BF","year":"2004","unstructured":"Palmer BF. Managing hyperkalemia caused by inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. N Engl J Med. 2004, 351:585-92. 10.1056\/NEJMra035279","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1410853","article-title":"Patiromer in patients with kidney disease and hyperkalemia receiving RAAS inhibitors","volume":"372","author":"Weir MR","year":"2015","unstructured":"Weir MR, Bakris GL, Bushinsky DA, et al.. Patiromer in patients with kidney disease and hyperkalemia receiving RAAS inhibitors. N Engl J Med. 2015, 372:211-21. 10.1056\/NEJMoa1410853","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2048004014522440","article-title":"Aldosterone synthase inhibitors in hypertension: current status and future possibilities","volume":"3","author":"Hargovan M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hargovan M, Ferro A. Aldosterone synthase inhibitors in hypertension: current status and future possibilities. JRSM Cardiovasc Dis. 2014, 3:2048004014522440. 10.1177\/2048004014522440","journal-title":"JRSM Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-4061","article-title":"The management of primary aldosteronism: case detection, diagnosis, and treatment: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"101","author":"Funder JW","year":"2016","unstructured":"Funder JW, Carey RM, Mantero F, et al.. The management of primary aldosteronism: case detection, diagnosis, and treatment: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016, 101:1889-916. 10.1210\/jc.2015-4061","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1313731","article-title":"Spironolactone for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"370","author":"Pitt B","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pitt B, Pfeffer MA, Assmann SF, et al.. Spironolactone for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2014, 370:1383-92. 10.1056\/NEJMoa1313731","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/465592-efficacy-and-safety-of-baxdrostat-in-resistant-hypertension-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T07:43:18Z","timestamp":1771918998000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/465592-efficacy-and-safety-of-baxdrostat-in-resistant-hypertension-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"references-count":42,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.104160","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]}}}