{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T17:12:32Z","timestamp":1773853952688,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.105426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T10:45:17Z","timestamp":1773830717000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acute Appendicitis Before, During, and After the Initial COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Single-Center Retrospective Review in Arizona"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Zola","family":"Trotter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Hurkett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Barlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamlyn","family":"Tarzia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bikash","family":"Bhattarai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115734","article-title":"The epidemiology of appendicitis and appendectomy in the United States","volume":"132","author":"Addiss DG","year":"1990","unstructured":"Addiss DG, Shaffer N, Fowler BS, Tauxe RV. The epidemiology of appendicitis and appendectomy in the United States. Am J Epidemiol. 1990, 132:910-25. 10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115734","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-2026.2003.00495.x","article-title":"Impact of SARS on an emergency department in Hong Kong","volume":"15","author":"Man CY","year":"2003","unstructured":"Man CY, Yeung RS, Chung JY, Cameron PA. Impact of SARS on an emergency department in Hong Kong. Emerg Med (Fremantle). 2003, 15:418-22. 10.1046\/j.1442-2026.2003.00495.x","journal-title":"Emerg Med (Fremantle)"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"The impact of the SARS outbreak on an urban emergency department in Taiwan","volume":"43","author":"Chen WK","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chen WK, Cheng YC, Chung YT, Lin CC. The impact of the SARS outbreak on an urban emergency department in Taiwan. Med Care. 2005, 43:168-72.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2020.0465","article-title":"The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak on the attendance of patients with surgical complaints at a tertiary hospital emergency department","volume":"30","author":"Anteby R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anteby R, Zager Y, Barash Y, et al.. The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak on the attendance of patients with surgical complaints at a tertiary hospital emergency department. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2020, 30:1001-1007. 10.1089\/lap.2020.0465","journal-title":"J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2009166","article-title":"Reduced rate of hospital admissions for ACS during Covid-19 outbreak in Northern Italy","volume":"383","author":"De Filippo O","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Filippo O, D'Ascenzo F, Angelini F, et al.. Reduced rate of hospital admissions for ACS during Covid-19 outbreak in Northern Italy. N Engl J Med. 2020, 383:88-9. 10.1056\/NEJMc2009166","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hsr.2022.100021","article-title":"Changes in hospital admissions and complications of acute appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Grossi U","year":"2022","unstructured":"Grossi U, Gallo G, Ortenzi M, et al.. Changes in hospital admissions and complications of acute appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Sci Rev (Oxf). 2022, 3:100021. 10.1016\/j.hsr.2022.100021","journal-title":"Health Sci Rev (Oxf)"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-020-00321-2","article-title":"Seasonal and climatic variation in the incidence of adult acute appendicitis: a seven year longitudinal analysis","volume":"20","author":"York TJ","year":"2020","unstructured":"York TJ. Seasonal and climatic variation in the incidence of adult acute appendicitis: a seven year longitudinal analysis. BMC Emerg Med. 2020, 20:24. 10.1186\/s12873-020-00321-2","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08941939.2015.1065300","article-title":"Etiology of appendicitis in children: the role of bacterial and viral pathogens","volume":"29","author":"Richardsen I","year":"2016","unstructured":"Richardsen I, Sch\u00f6b DS, Ulmer TF, Steinau G, Neumann UP, Klink CD, Lambertz A. Etiology of appendicitis in children: the role of bacterial and viral pathogens. J Invest Surg. 2016, 29:74-9. 10.3109\/08941939.2015.1065300","journal-title":"J Invest Surg"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Resting pulse rate reference data for children, adolescents, and adults: United States, 1999-2008","volume":"41","author":"Ostchega Y","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ostchega Y, Porter KS, Hughes J, et al.. Resting pulse rate reference data for children, adolescents, and adults: United States, 1999-2008. Natl Health Stat Report. 2011, 41:16.","journal-title":"Natl Health Stat Report"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-020-04892-0","article-title":"More severe presentations of acute appendicitis during COVID-19","volume":"25","author":"Angeramo CA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Angeramo CA, Dreifuss NH, Schlottmann F, Rotholtz NA. More severe presentations of acute appendicitis during COVID-19. J Gastrointest Surg. 2021, 25:1902-4. 10.1007\/s11605-020-04892-0","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245137","article-title":"Comparison of acute appendicitis before and within lockdown period in COVID-19 era: A retrospective study from rural Nepal","volume":"16","author":"Baral S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baral S, Chhetri RK, Thapa N. Comparison of acute appendicitis before and within lockdown period in COVID-19 era: A retrospective study from rural Nepal. PLoS One. 2021, 16:e0245137. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0245137","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004426","article-title":"Increase in pediatric perforated appendicitis in the New York City Metropolitan Region at the epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"273","author":"Fisher JC","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fisher JC, Tomita SS, Ginsburg HB, Gordon A, Walker D, Kuenzler KA. Increase in pediatric perforated appendicitis in the New York City Metropolitan Region at the epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak. Ann Surg. 2021, 273:410-5. 10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004426","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2020.09.026","article-title":"Increasing incidence of complicated appendicitis during COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"221","author":"Orthopoulos G","year":"2021","unstructured":"Orthopoulos G, Santone E, Izzo F, Tirabassi M, P\u00e9rez-Caraballo AM, Corriveau N, Jabbour N. Increasing incidence of complicated appendicitis during COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Surg. 2021, 221:1056-60. 10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2020.09.026","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2020.04.010","article-title":"Influence of the coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic on acute appendicitis","volume":"93","author":"Velayos M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Velayos M, Mu\u00f1oz-Serrano AJ, Estefan\u00eda-Fern\u00e1ndez K, Sarmiento Caldas MC, Moratilla Lape\u00f1a L, L\u00f3pez-Santamar\u00eda M, L\u00f3pez-Guti\u00e9rrez JC. Influence of the coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic on acute appendicitis. An Pediatr (Engl Ed). 2020, 93:118-22. 10.1016\/j.anpede.2020.04.010","journal-title":"An Pediatr (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-022-04137-3","article-title":"Multicenter cohort study on the presentation and treatment of acute appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"37","author":"Huijgen D","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huijgen D, de Wijkerslooth EM, Janssen JC, et al.. Multicenter cohort study on the presentation and treatment of acute appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2022, 37:1087-95. 10.1007\/s00384-022-04137-3","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/14574969221089387","article-title":"Incidence of appendicitis during COVID-19 lockdown: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"111","author":"Jantzen AT","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jantzen AT, Bang-Nielsen A, Bertelsen CA, Torp-Pedersen C, Kleif J. Incidence of appendicitis during COVID-19 lockdown: a nationwide population-based study. Scand J Surg. 2022, 111:14574969221089387. 10.1177\/14574969221089387","journal-title":"Scand J Surg"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-020-05825-3","article-title":"Did the COVID-19 pandemic cause a delay in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis?","volume":"45","author":"Turanli S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Turanli S, Kiziltan G. Did the COVID-19 pandemic cause a delay in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis?. World J Surg. 2021, 45:18-22. 10.1007\/s00268-020-05825-3","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.05.023","article-title":"Statewide impact of the COVID pandemic on pediatric appendicitis in California: a multicenter study","volume":"267","author":"Theodorou CM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Theodorou CM, Beres AL, Nguyen M, et al.. Statewide impact of the COVID pandemic on pediatric appendicitis in California: a multicenter study. J Surg Res. 2021, 267:132-42. 10.1016\/j.jss.2021.05.023","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-021-02090-3","article-title":"Appendicitis during the COVID-19 lockdown: results of a multicenter analysis in Germany","volume":"406","author":"Willms AG","year":"2021","unstructured":"Willms AG, Oldhafer KJ, Conze S, et al.. Appendicitis during the COVID-19 lockdown: results of a multicenter analysis in Germany. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2021, 406:367-75. 10.1007\/s00423-021-02090-3","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Surg"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2022.08.005","article-title":"Management of pediatric appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide multicenter cohort study","volume":"58","author":"Hegde B","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hegde B, Garcia E, Hu A, et al.. Management of pediatric appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide multicenter cohort study. J Pediatr Surg. 2023, 58:1375-1382. 10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2022.08.005","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59050902","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcome of acute appendicitis during and before the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective single-center analysis","volume":"59","author":"Won M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Won M, Ahn C. Epidemiology and outcome of acute appendicitis during and before the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective single-center analysis. Medicina (Kaunas). 2023, 59:902. 10.3390\/medicina59050902","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0270241","article-title":"Estimating the potential overdiagnosis and overtreatment of acute appendicitis in Thailand using a secondary data analysis of service utilization before, during and after the COVID-19 lockdown policy","volume":"17","author":"Sukmanee J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sukmanee J, Butchon R, Sarajan MH, et al.. Estimating the potential overdiagnosis and overtreatment of acute appendicitis in Thailand using a secondary data analysis of service utilization before, during and after the COVID-19 lockdown policy. PLoS One. 2022, 17:e0270241. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0270241","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-023-07027-z","article-title":"Spontaneous resolution of uncomplicated appendicitis may explain increase in proportion of complicated appendicitis during Covid-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Andersson RE","year":"2023","unstructured":"Andersson RE, Agiorgiti M, Bendtsen M. Spontaneous resolution of uncomplicated appendicitis may explain increase in proportion of complicated appendicitis during Covid-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Surg. 2023, 47:1901-16. 10.1007\/s00268-023-07027-z","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-021-02081-4","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on appendicitis treatment in Germany-a population-based analysis","volume":"406","author":"K\u00f6hler F","year":"2021","unstructured":"K\u00f6hler F, Acar L, van den Berg A, et al.. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on appendicitis treatment in Germany-a population-based analysis. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2021, 406:377-83. 10.1007\/s00423-021-02081-4","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Surg"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.04.028","article-title":"ICD-10 transition influences trends in perforated appendix admission rate","volume":"266","author":"Tian Y","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tian Y, Ingram ME, Hall M, Raval MV. ICD-10 transition influences trends in perforated appendix admission rate. J Surg Res. 2021, 266:345-51. 10.1016\/j.jss.2021.04.028","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.06.004","article-title":"An accountable care organization maintains access for appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"291","author":"Menchaca AD","year":"2023","unstructured":"Menchaca AD, Style CC, Wang L, Cooper JN, Minneci PC, Olutoye OO. An accountable care organization maintains access for appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Surg Res. 2023, 291:336-41. 10.1016\/j.jss.2023.06.004","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/iss-2022-0021","article-title":"Management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 pandemic. Single center data from a tertiary care hospital in Germany","volume":"8","author":"Andric M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Andric M, Stockheim J, Rahimli M, et al.. Management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 pandemic. Single center data from a tertiary care hospital in Germany. Innov Surg Sci. 2023, 8:39-48. 10.1515\/iss-2022-0021","journal-title":"Innov Surg Sci"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.106148","article-title":"Changes in appendicitis treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic - a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"95","author":"K\u00f6hler F","year":"2021","unstructured":"K\u00f6hler F, M\u00fcller S, Hendricks A, et al.. Changes in appendicitis treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Surg. 2021, 95:106148. 10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.106148","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-021-04988-1","article-title":"Rate of application and outcome of non-operative management of acute appendicitis in the setting of COVID- 19: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Emile SH","year":"2021","unstructured":"Emile SH, Hamid HK, Khan SM, Davis GN. Rate of application and outcome of non-operative management of acute appendicitis in the setting of COVID- 19: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gastrointest Surg. 2021, 25:1905-1915. 10.1007\/s11605-021-04988-1","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2020.06.020","article-title":"The American College of Surgeons responds to COVID-19","volume":"231","author":"Rusch VW","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rusch VW, Wexner SD, Atala A, et al.. The American College of Surgeons responds to COVID-19. J Am Coll Surg. 2020, 231:490-6. 10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2020.06.020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/457519-acute-appendicitis-before-during-and-after-the-initial-covid-19-pandemic-lockdown-a-single-center-retrospective-review-in-arizona","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T10:45:18Z","timestamp":1773830718000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/457519-acute-appendicitis-before-during-and-after-the-initial-covid-19-pandemic-lockdown-a-single-center-retrospective-review-in-arizona"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"references-count":30,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.105426","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]}}}