{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T01:51:44Z","timestamp":1775613104755,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.106610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T01:35:57Z","timestamp":1775612157000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing Functional Outcomes and Complications After Turndown Flap With Flexor Hallucis Longus Augmentation in Chronic Achilles Tendon Ruptures"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Sharina","family":"Mohd Khalid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohd Fadhli","family":"Miskon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513490656","article-title":"Defining the terms acute and chronic in orthopaedic sports injuries: a systematic review","volume":"42","author":"Flint JH","year":"2014","unstructured":"Flint JH, Wade AM, Giuliani J, Rue JP. Defining the terms acute and chronic in orthopaedic sports injuries: a systematic review. Am J Sports Med. 2014, 42:235-41. 10.1177\/0363546513490656","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670050151","article-title":"Hamstring graft motion in the femoral bone tunnel when using titanium button\/polyester tape fixation","volume":"7","author":"H\u00f6her J","year":"1999","unstructured":"H\u00f6her J, Livesay GA, Ma CB, Withrow JD, Fu FH, Woo SL. Hamstring graft motion in the femoral bone tunnel when using titanium button\/polyester tape fixation. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1999, 7:215-9. 10.1007\/s001670050151","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foot.2016.05.001","article-title":"Management of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures-a review","volume":"28","author":"Malagelada F","year":"2016","unstructured":"Malagelada F, Clark C, Dega R. Management of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures-a review. Foot (Edinb). 2016, 28:54-60. 10.1016\/j.foot.2016.05.001","journal-title":"Foot (Edinb)"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10711007251330287","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis comparing open FHL tendon transfer, hamstring transfer, and turndown flaps to treat chronic Achilles tendon ruptures","volume":"46","author":"Karaismailoglu B","year":"2025","unstructured":"Karaismailoglu B, Ghandour S, Hendriks J, et al.. Systematic review and meta-analysis comparing open FHL tendon transfer, hamstring transfer, and turndown flaps to treat chronic Achilles tendon ruptures. Foot Ankle Int. 2025, 46:784-93. 10.1177\/10711007251330287","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640016640895","article-title":"Treatment of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures with large defects","volume":"9","author":"Ahmad J","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ahmad J, Jones K, Raikin SM. Treatment of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures with large defects. Foot Ankle Spec. 2016, 9:400-8. 10.1177\/1938640016640895","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Spec"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2017.10.019","article-title":"Flexor hallucis longus transfer versus turndown flaps augmented with flexor hallucis longus transfer in the repair of chronic Achilles tendon rupture","volume":"25","author":"Koh D","year":"2019","unstructured":"Koh D, Lim J, Chen JY, Singh IR, Koo K. Flexor hallucis longus transfer versus turndown flaps augmented with flexor hallucis longus transfer in the repair of chronic Achilles tendon rupture. Foot Ankle Surg. 2019, 25:221-5. 10.1016\/j.fas.2017.10.019","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2009.02.007","article-title":"Surgical treatment of chronic Achilles tendon rupture","volume":"48","author":"Ibrahim SA","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ibrahim SA. Surgical treatment of chronic Achilles tendon rupture. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2009, 48:340-6. 10.1053\/j.jfas.2009.02.007","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.71B1.2914976","article-title":"The blood supply of the calcaneal tendon","volume":"71","author":"Carr AJ","year":"1989","unstructured":"Carr AJ, Norris SH. The blood supply of the calcaneal tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1989, 71:100-1. 10.1302\/0301-620X.71B1.2914976","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.02.019","article-title":"Endoscopic-assisted achilles tendon reconstruction with free hamstring tendon autograft for chronic rupture of achilles tendon: clinical and isokinetic evaluation","volume":"30","author":"El Shazly O","year":"2014","unstructured":"El Shazly O, Abou El Soud MM, El Mikkawy DM, El Ganzoury I, Ibrahim AM. Endoscopic-assisted achilles tendon reconstruction with free hamstring tendon autograft for chronic rupture of achilles tendon: clinical and isokinetic evaluation. Arthroscopy. 2014, 30:622-8. 10.1016\/j.arthro.2014.02.019","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070502601113","article-title":"Evidence of validity for the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM)","volume":"26","author":"Martin RL","year":"2005","unstructured":"Martin RL, Irrgang JJ, Burdett RG, Conti SF, Van Swearingen JM. Evidence of validity for the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). Foot Ankle Int. 2005, 26:968-83. 10.1177\/107110070502601113","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506294856","article-title":"The Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS): development and validation","volume":"35","author":"Nilsson-Helander K","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nilsson-Helander K, Thome\u00e9 R, Silbernagel KG, Thome\u00e9 P, Fax\u00e9n E, Eriksson BI, Karlsson J. The Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS): development and validation. Am J Sports Med. 2007, 35:421-6. 10.1177\/0363546506294856","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-17-00158","article-title":"Chronic Achilles ruptures: reconstructive options","volume":"26","author":"Schweitzer KM Jr","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schweitzer KM Jr, Dekker TJ, Adams SB. Chronic Achilles ruptures: reconstructive options. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2018, 26:753-63. 10.5435\/JAAOS-D-17-00158","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1416971","article-title":"Surgical strategy for the chronic Achilles tendon rupture","volume":"2016","author":"Lin Y","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lin Y, Yang L, Yin L, Duan X. Surgical strategy for the chronic Achilles tendon rupture. Biomed Res Int. 2016, 2016:1416971. 10.1155\/2016\/1416971","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30795\/jfootankle.2025.v19.1795","article-title":"Neglected Achilles tendon ruptures: literature review","volume":"19","author":"Leite RP","year":"2025","unstructured":"Leite RP, Sossa FAC, Santos JPGD, Os\u00f3rio Neto EB, Queiroz MR, Macedo RDR. Neglected Achilles tendon ruptures: literature review. J Foot Ankle. 2025, 19:1-9. 10.30795\/jfootankle.2025.v19.1795","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001711010660","article-title":"Chronic Achilles tendon rupture","volume":"11","author":"Maffulli N","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maffulli N, Via AG, Oliva F. Chronic Achilles tendon rupture. Open Orthop J. 2017, 11:660-9. 10.2174\/1874325001711010660","journal-title":"Open Orthop J"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-021-05102-5","article-title":"Management of chronic Achilles ruptures: a scoping review","volume":"45","author":"Arshad Z","year":"2021","unstructured":"Arshad Z, Lau EJ, Leow SH, Bhatia M. Management of chronic Achilles ruptures: a scoping review. Int Orthop. 2021, 45:2543-59. 10.1007\/s00264-021-05102-5","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/24730114231200491","article-title":"Surgical management of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures: a systematic review and proposed treatment algorithm","volume":"8","author":"Azam MT","year":"2023","unstructured":"Azam MT, Butler JJ, Weiss MB, Ubillus HA, Kirschner N, Mercer NP, Kennedy JG. Surgical management of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures: a systematic review and proposed treatment algorithm. Foot Ankle Orthop. 2023, 8:24730114231200491. 10.1177\/24730114231200491","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Orthop"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2008.0367","article-title":"Contribution of the flexor hallucis longus to loading of the first metatarsal and first metatarsophalangeal joint","volume":"29","author":"Kirane YM","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kirane YM, Michelson JD, Sharkey NA. Contribution of the flexor hallucis longus to loading of the first metatarsal and first metatarsophalangeal joint. Foot Ankle Int. 2008, 29:367-77. 10.3113\/FAI.2008.0367","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070302401211","article-title":"Flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer: evaluation of postoperative morbidity","volume":"24","author":"Coull R","year":"2003","unstructured":"Coull R, Flavin R, Stephens MM. Flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer: evaluation of postoperative morbidity. Foot Ankle Int. 2003, 24:931-4. 10.1177\/107110070302401211","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2018.03.005","article-title":"Short-term results of flexor hallucis longus transfer in delayed and neglected Achilles tendon repair","volume":"57","author":"Ozer H","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ozer H, Ergisi Y, Harput G, Senol MS, Baltaci G. Short-term results of flexor hallucis longus transfer in delayed and neglected Achilles tendon repair. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2018, 57:1042-7. 10.1053\/j.jfas.2018.03.005","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7547\/0003-0538-104.5.434","article-title":"Surgical treatment of the neglected achilles tendon rupture with Hyalonect","volume":"104","author":"Esenyel CZ","year":"2014","unstructured":"Esenyel CZ, Tekin C, Cakar M, Bayraktar K, Saygili S, Esenyel M, Tekin ZN. Surgical treatment of the neglected achilles tendon rupture with Hyalonect. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2014, 104:434-43. 10.7547\/0003-0538-104.5.434","journal-title":"J Am Podiatr Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-024-04625-y","article-title":"Modified gastro-soleus turn-down flap for chronic or neglected achilles tendon ruptures","volume":"19","author":"Ibrahim MA","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ibrahim MA, Abdelkader MG, Nematallah SA, Elsawy GA, Alghandour SA, Shwitter LM. Modified gastro-soleus turn-down flap for chronic or neglected achilles tendon ruptures. J Orthop Surg Res. 2024, 19:168. 10.1186\/s13018-024-04625-y","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-008-0610-z","article-title":"Synovial mesenchymal stem cells accelerate early remodeling of tendon-bone healing","volume":"332","author":"Ju YJ","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ju YJ, Muneta T, Yoshimura H, Koga H, Sekiya I. Synovial mesenchymal stem cells accelerate early remodeling of tendon-bone healing. Cell Tissue Res. 2008, 332:469-78. 10.1007\/s00441-008-0610-z","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-010-1460-6","article-title":"Inferior tendon graft to bone tunnel healing at the tibia compared to that at the femur after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction","volume":"15","author":"Lui PP","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lui PP, Ho G, Shum WT, Lee YW, Ho PY, Lo WN, Lo CK. Inferior tendon graft to bone tunnel healing at the tibia compared to that at the femur after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Orthop Sci. 2010, 15:389-401. 10.1007\/s00776-010-1460-6","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Chronic Achilles tendon rupture treated with two turndown flaps and flexor hallucis longus augmentation - two-year clinical outcome","volume":"39","author":"Tay D","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tay D, Lin HA, Tan BS, Chong KW, Rikhraj IS. Chronic Achilles tendon rupture treated with two turndown flaps and flexor hallucis longus augmentation - two-year clinical outcome. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2010, 39:58-60.","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singap"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10040-1201","article-title":"Functional outcomes of gastrocnemius fascial turn-down flap with FHL augmentation in chronic Achilles tear: a short-term prospective study","volume":"9","author":"Meena PK","year":"2021","unstructured":"Meena PK, Moger NM, Pragadeeshwaran J, Singh S. Functional outcomes of gastrocnemius fascial turn-down flap with FHL augmentation in chronic Achilles tear: a short-term prospective study. J Foot Ankle Surg Asia Pac. 2021, 9:16-20. 10.5005\/jp-journals-10040-1201","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg Asia Pac"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/472914-assessing-functional-outcomes-and-complications-after-turndown-flap-with-flexor-hallucis-longus-augmentation-in-chronic-achilles-tendon-ruptures","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T01:35:59Z","timestamp":1775612159000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/472914-assessing-functional-outcomes-and-complications-after-turndown-flap-with-flexor-hallucis-longus-augmentation-in-chronic-achilles-tendon-ruptures"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"references-count":26,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.106610","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]}}}