{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T12:48:06Z","timestamp":1776430086278,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.107219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T11:53:11Z","timestamp":1776426791000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Male Tuberous Breast: A Rare Variant of Gynecomastia"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Anas","family":"Ankiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soufyane","family":"El Kadiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doha","family":"Arreyouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayat Allah","family":"Oufkir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.11.016","article-title":"Treatment of adolescent gynecomastia","volume":"45","author":"Laituri CA","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laituri CA, Garey CL, Ostlie DJ, St Peter SD, Gittes GK, Snyder CL. Treatment of adolescent gynecomastia. J Pediatr Surg. 2010, 45:650-4. 10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.11.016","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2015.08.004","article-title":"Gynecomastia and psychological functioning: a review of the literature","volume":"15","author":"Ordaz DL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ordaz DL, Thompson JK. Gynecomastia and psychological functioning: a review of the literature. Body Image. 2015, 15:141-8. 10.1016\/j.bodyim.2015.08.004","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197301000-00009","article-title":"Classification and surgical correction of gynecomastia","volume":"51","author":"Simon BE","year":"1973","unstructured":"Simon BE, Hoffman S, Kahn S. Classification and surgical correction of gynecomastia. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1973, 51:48-52. 10.1097\/00006534-197301000-00009","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"The tuberous breast","volume":"3","author":"Rees TD","year":"1976","unstructured":"Rees TD, Aston SJ. The tuberous breast. Clin Plast Surg. 1976, 3:339-47.","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0007-1226(03)00109-7","article-title":"The tuberous male breast","volume":"56","author":"Hamilton S","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hamilton S, Gault D. The tuberous male breast. Br J Plast Surg. 2003, 56:295-300. 10.1016\/s0007-1226(03)00109-7","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2018.12.008","article-title":"Correction of the tuberous breast deformity in a prepubescent male patient: a surgical approach to an unusual problem","volume":"19","author":"Gorvetzian J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gorvetzian J, Funderburk C, Copeland-Halperin LR, Nigriny J. Correction of the tuberous breast deformity in a prepubescent male patient: a surgical approach to an unusual problem. JPRAS Open. 2019, 19:98-105. 10.1016\/j.jpra.2018.12.008","journal-title":"JPRAS Open"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-019-01418-1","article-title":"Male tuberous breast: a rare variant of gynecomastia. Clinical considerations and personal experience: tips and tricks to maximize surgical outcomes","volume":"43","author":"Innocenti A","year":"2019","unstructured":"Innocenti A. Male tuberous breast: a rare variant of gynecomastia. Clinical considerations and personal experience: tips and tricks to maximize surgical outcomes. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2019, 43:1500-5. 10.1007\/s00266-019-01418-1","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197555030-00010","article-title":"A new technique for reduction mammaplasty","volume":"55","author":"Ribeiro L","year":"1975","unstructured":"Ribeiro L. A new technique for reduction mammaplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1975, 55:330-4.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-013-0124-2","article-title":"Tuberous breast: revised classification and a new hypothesis for its development","volume":"37","author":"Costagliola M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Costagliola M, Atiyeh B, Rampillon F. Tuberous breast: revised classification and a new hypothesis for its development. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2013, 37:896-903. 10.1007\/s00266-013-0124-2","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X10383397","article-title":"Aesthetic reconstruction of the tuberous breast deformity: a 10-year experience","volume":"30","author":"Mandrekas AD","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mandrekas AD, Zambacos GJ. Aesthetic reconstruction of the tuberous breast deformity: a 10-year experience. Aesthet Surg J. 2010, 30:680-92. 10.1177\/1090820X10383397","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/229255031101900210","article-title":"Tuberous breast: morphological study and overview of a borderline entity","volume":"19","author":"Klinger M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Klinger M, Caviggioli F, Klinger F, Villani F, Arra E, Di Tommaso L. Tuberous breast: morphological study and overview of a borderline entity. Can J Plast Surg. 2011, 19:42-4. 10.1177\/229255031101900210","journal-title":"Can J Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200005000-00068","article-title":"Refined version of the tuberous breast classification","volume":"105","author":"von Heimburg D","year":"2000","unstructured":"von Heimburg D. Refined version of the tuberous breast classification. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000, 105:2269-70. 10.1097\/00006534-200005000-00068","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199912000-00014","article-title":"Breast base anomalies: treatment strategy for tuberous breasts, minor deformities, and asymmetry","volume":"104","author":"Grolleau JL","year":"1999","unstructured":"Grolleau JL, Lanfrey E, Lavigne B, Chavoin JP, Costagliola M. Breast base anomalies: treatment strategy for tuberous breasts, minor deformities, and asymmetry. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999, 104:2040-8. 10.1097\/00006534-199912000-00014","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/478846-male-tuberous-breast-a-rare-variant-of-gynecomastia","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T11:53:12Z","timestamp":1776426792000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/478846-male-tuberous-breast-a-rare-variant-of-gynecomastia"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"references-count":13,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.107219","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]}}}