{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T19:16:02Z","timestamp":1790190962243,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.107251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T21:31:01Z","timestamp":1776461461000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quantifying Erythema and Skin Tone Variation in Cutaneous Rashes: A Colorimetric Approach"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Kawaiola Cael","family":"Aoki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Summer","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Bartos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harvey N","family":"Mayrovitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.124.6.869","article-title":"The validity and practicality of sun-reactive skin types I through VI","volume":"124","author":"Fitzpatrick TB","year":"1988","unstructured":"Fitzpatrick TB. The validity and practicality of sun-reactive skin types I through VI. Arch Dermatol. 1988, 124:869-71. 10.1001\/archderm.124.6.869","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ASW.0000000000000043","article-title":"Using technology to detect erythema across skin tones","volume":"36","author":"Sonenblum SE","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sonenblum SE, Patel R, Phrasavath S, Xu S, Bates-Jensen BM. Using technology to detect erythema across skin tones. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2023, 36:524-33. 10.1097\/ASW.0000000000000043","journal-title":"Adv Skin Wound Care"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Measuring skin cancer risk in African Americans: is the Fitzpatrick skin type classification scale culturally sensitive?","volume":"20","author":"Pichon LC","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pichon LC, Landrine H, Corral I, Hao Y, Mayer JA, Hoerster KD. Measuring skin cancer risk in African Americans: is the Fitzpatrick skin type classification scale culturally sensitive?. Ethn Dis. 2010, 20:174-9.","journal-title":"Ethn Dis"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19932","article-title":"Equity in skin typing: why it is time to replace the Fitzpatrick scale","volume":"185","author":"Okoji UK","year":"2021","unstructured":"Okoji UK, Taylor SC, Lipoff JB. Equity in skin typing: why it is time to replace the Fitzpatrick scale. Br J Dermatol. 2021, 185:198-9. 10.1111\/bjd.19932","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003","article-title":"Diagnosing atopic dermatitis in skin of color","volume":"41","author":"Adawi W","year":"2023","unstructured":"Adawi W, Cornman H, Kambala A, Henry S, Kwatra SG. Diagnosing atopic dermatitis in skin of color. Dermatol Clin. 2023, 41:417-29. 10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.003","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.08.049","article-title":"Global epidemiology and clinical spectrum of rosacea, highlighting skin of color: Review and clinical practice experience","volume":"80","author":"Alexis AF","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alexis AF, Callender VD, Baldwin HE, Desai SR, Rendon MI, Taylor SC. Global epidemiology and clinical spectrum of rosacea, highlighting skin of color: Review and clinical practice experience. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019, 80:1722-1729.e7. 10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.08.049","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-017-0332-7","article-title":"Psoriasis in skin of color: insights into the epidemiology, clinical presentation, genetics, quality-of-life impact, and treatment of psoriasis in non-white racial\/ethnic groups","volume":"19","author":"Kaufman BP","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kaufman BP, Alexis AF. Psoriasis in skin of color: insights into the epidemiology, clinical presentation, genetics, quality-of-life impact, and treatment of psoriasis in non-white racial\/ethnic groups. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2018, 19:405-23. 10.1007\/s40257-017-0332-7","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Top dermatologic conditions in patients of color: an analysis of nationally representative data","volume":"11","author":"Davis SA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Davis SA, Narahari S, Feldman SR, Huang W, Pichardo-Geisinger RO, McMichael AJ. Top dermatologic conditions in patients of color: an analysis of nationally representative data. J Drugs Dermatol. 2012, 11:466-73.","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Psoriasis in skin of color: epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation, and treatment nuances","volume":"7","author":"Alexis AF","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alexis AF, Blackcloud P. Psoriasis in skin of color: epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation, and treatment nuances. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2014, 7:16-24.","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2020.102127","article-title":"Skin erythema and pigmentation: a review of optical assessment techniques","volume":"33","author":"Abdlaty R","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdlaty R, Hayward J, Farrell T, Fang Q. Skin erythema and pigmentation: a review of optical assessment techniques. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021, 33:102127. 10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2020.102127","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/php.13562","article-title":"Individual typology angle and fitzpatrick skin phototypes are not equivalent in photodermatology","volume":"98","author":"Osto M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Osto M, Hamzavi IH, Lim HW, Kohli I. Individual typology angle and fitzpatrick skin phototypes are not equivalent in photodermatology. Photochem Photobiol. 2022, 98:127-9. 10.1111\/php.13562","journal-title":"Photochem Photobiol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.20804","article-title":"An in\u00a0vivo model of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and erythema: clinical, colorimetric and molecular characteristics","volume":"186","author":"Vellaichamy G","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vellaichamy G, Kohli I, Zubair R, et al.. An in\u00a0vivo model of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and erythema: clinical, colorimetric and molecular characteristics. Br J Dermatol. 2022, 186:508-19. 10.1111\/bjd.20804","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0263049","article-title":"Traveling wave of inflammatory response to regulate the expansion or shrinkage of skin erythema","volume":"17","author":"Sudo M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sudo M, Fujimoto K. Traveling wave of inflammatory response to regulate the expansion or shrinkage of skin erythema. PLoS One. 2022, 17:e0263049. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0263049","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07434610902744074","article-title":"Objective assessment of psoriasis erythema for PASI scoring","volume":"33","author":"Ahmad Fadzil MH","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ahmad Fadzil MH, Ihtatho D, Mohd Affandi A, Hussein SH. Objective assessment of psoriasis erythema for PASI scoring. J Med Eng Technol. 2009, 33:516-24. 10.1080\/07434610902744074","journal-title":"J Med Eng Technol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.14224","article-title":"The erythema Q-score, an imaging biomarker for redness in skin inflammation","volume":"30","author":"Frew J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Frew J, Penzi L, Suarez-Farinas M, et al.. The erythema Q-score, an imaging biomarker for redness in skin inflammation. Exp Dermatol. 2021, 30:377-83. 10.1111\/exd.14224","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.70101","article-title":"International expert consensus on knowledge gaps in care for dermatologic disorders in skin of color","volume":"65","author":"Lim HW","year":"2026","unstructured":"Lim HW, Zhang C, Taylor M, et al.. International expert consensus on knowledge gaps in care for dermatologic disorders in skin of color. Int J Dermatol. 2026, 65:41-56. 10.1111\/ijd.70101","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.94930","article-title":"Diagnostic disparities in erythema visibility: a call to redefine inflammatory assessment in diverse skin tones","volume":"17","author":"Forsyth A","year":"2025","unstructured":"Forsyth A, Prajapati S, Frasier KM, et al.. Diagnostic disparities in erythema visibility: a call to redefine inflammatory assessment in diverse skin tones. Cureus. 2025, 17:e94930. 10.7759\/cureus.94930","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.03.001","article-title":"Diagnosing skin diseases in skin of color","volume":"41","author":"Taylor SC","year":"2023","unstructured":"Taylor SC. Diagnosing skin diseases in skin of color. Dermatol Clin. 2023, 41:xiii-xv. 10.1016\/j.det.2023.03.001","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.004","article-title":"Diagnosing disorders of facial erythema","volume":"41","author":"Ohanenye C","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ohanenye C, Taliaferro S, Callender VD. Diagnosing disorders of facial erythema. Dermatol Clin. 2023, 41:377-92. 10.1016\/j.det.2023.02.004","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.64898\/2025.12.22.696093","article-title":"Optical limits in skin reflectance measurement: quantifying melanin-dependent constraints on erythema detection [PREPRINT]","author":"Pryor Y","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pryor Y, He J, Kang J, Jenkins B, Lasisi T. Optical limits in skin reflectance measurement: quantifying melanin-dependent constraints on erythema detection [PREPRINT]. bioRxiv. 2025, 10.64898\/2025.12.22.696093","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.28.10.107001","article-title":"Measuring and imaging of transcutaneous bilirubin, hemoglobin, and melanin based on diffuse reflectance spectroscopy","volume":"28","author":"Minakawa M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Minakawa M, Wares MA, Nakano K, et al.. Measuring and imaging of transcutaneous bilirubin, hemoglobin, and melanin based on diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. J Biomed Opt. 2023, 28:107001. 10.1117\/1.JBO.28.10.107001","journal-title":"J Biomed Opt"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACPR.2013.9","article-title":"Melanin and hemoglobin identification for skin disease analysis","author":"Liu Z","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu Z, Zerubia J. Melanin and hemoglobin identification for skin disease analysis. 2013 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition. IEEE, 2013. 145-9. 10.1109\/ACPR.2013.9"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.14920","article-title":"Erythema-directed digital photography and colorimeter scores correlate with rosacea erythema evaluation in patients under treatment with topical ivermectin","volume":"34","author":"Dall'Oglio F","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dall'Oglio F, Lacarrubba F, Micali G. Erythema-directed digital photography and colorimeter scores correlate with rosacea erythema evaluation in patients under treatment with topical ivermectin. Dermatol Ther. 2021, 34:e14920. 10.1111\/dth.14920","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12878","article-title":"Evaluation of a simple image-based tool to quantify facial erythema in rosacea during treatment","volume":"26","author":"Logger JG","year":"2020","unstructured":"Logger JG, de Jong EM, Driessen RJ, van Erp PE. Evaluation of a simple image-based tool to quantify facial erythema in rosacea during treatment. Skin Res Technol. 2020, 26:804-12. 10.1111\/srt.12878","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/msm.882902","article-title":"Differences in endothelial function between Korean-Asians and Caucasians","volume":"18","author":"Yim J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yim J, Petrofsky J, Berk L, Daher N, Lohman E. Differences in endothelial function between Korean-Asians and Caucasians. Med Sci Monit. 2012, 18:CR337-43. 10.12659\/msm.882902","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/453927-quantifying-erythema-and-skin-tone-variation-in-cutaneous-rashes-a-colorimetric-approach","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T21:31:02Z","timestamp":1776461462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/453927-quantifying-erythema-and-skin-tone-variation-in-cutaneous-rashes-a-colorimetric-approach"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"references-count":25,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.107251","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]}}}