{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T11:40:46Z","timestamp":1776771646016,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.107447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T10:47:37Z","timestamp":1776768457000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Extended Intrapleural Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)-Dornase Alfa (DNase) Therapy Beyond the Standard Multicenter Intrapleural Sepsis Trial 2 (MIST-2) Regimen in a High-Risk Patient With Complex Empyema: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Furlan Silva Fabri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo Myronn","family":"De Melo Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan L","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eshani","family":"Kishore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Poornachandran","family":"Mohankumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Opina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Schuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Kicker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-025-03184-y","article-title":"Perspective and update: intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy for pleural infections and other forms of pleural organization","volume":"26","author":"Tucker TA","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tucker TA, Komissarov AA, Idell S. Perspective and update: intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy for pleural infections and other forms of pleural organization. Respir Res. 2025, 26:105. 10.1186\/s12931-025-03184-y","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30533-6","article-title":"Use of fibrinolytics and deoxyribonuclease in adult patients with pleural empyema: a consensus statement","volume":"9","author":"Chaddha U","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chaddha U, Agrawal A, Feller-Kopman D, et al.. Use of fibrinolytics and deoxyribonuclease in adult patients with pleural empyema: a consensus statement. Lancet Respir Med. 2021, 9:1050-64. 10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30533-6","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2022-219784","article-title":"British Thoracic Society guideline for pleural disease","volume":"78","author":"Roberts ME","year":"2023","unstructured":"Roberts ME, Rahman NM, Maskell NA, et al.. British Thoracic Society guideline for pleural disease. Thorax. 2023, 78:s1-42. 10.1136\/thorax-2022-219784","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1012740","article-title":"Intrapleural use of tissue plasminogen activator and DNase in pleural infection","volume":"365","author":"Rahman NM","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rahman NM, Maskell NA, West A, et al.. Intrapleural use of tissue plasminogen activator and DNase in pleural infection. N Engl J Med. 2011, 365:518-26. 10.1056\/NEJMoa1012740","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202108-964OC","article-title":"Comparing initial surgery versus fibrinolytics for pleural space infections: a retrospective multicenter cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Wilshire CL","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wilshire CL, Jackson AS, Meggyesy AM, et al.. Comparing initial surgery versus fibrinolytics for pleural space infections: a retrospective multicenter cohort study. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2022, 19:1827-33. 10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202108-964OC","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.01.30","article-title":"Intrapleural tissue plasminogen activator and deoxyribonuclease therapy for pleural infection","volume":"7","author":"Piccolo F","year":"2015","unstructured":"Piccolo F, Popowicz N, Wong D, Lee YC. Intrapleural tissue plasminogen activator and deoxyribonuclease therapy for pleural infection. J Thorac Dis. 2015, 7:999-1008. 10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.01.30","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-23-847","article-title":"Understanding the systemic effects of intrapleural tPA and DNase by evaluating effects on coagulation","volume":"16","author":"Marston TW","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marston TW, Rajdev K, Samson KK, Hershberger DM. Understanding the systemic effects of intrapleural tPA and DNase by evaluating effects on coagulation. J Thorac Dis. 2024, 16:91-8. 10.21037\/jtd-23-847","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-020-05210-2","article-title":"Clinical efficacy and bleeding outcomes of tissue plasminogen activator and dornase alfa in pleural space infection with once daily concurrent administration: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Jiang C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jiang C, Xie M, Cervellione K, Thurm C. Clinical efficacy and bleeding outcomes of tissue plasminogen activator and dornase alfa in pleural space infection with once daily concurrent administration: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Res Notes. 2020, 13:368. 10.1186\/s13104-020-05210-2","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0034-98872012001200004","article-title":"Pleural empyema due to Gemella spp: report of 12 cases (Article in Spanish)","volume":"140","author":"Aibar-Arregui M\u00c1","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aibar-Arregui M\u00c1, De Escalante-Yang\u00fcela B, Garrido-Buenache A, Navarro-Aguilar ME, Montoya-Arenas J, Rodero-Rold\u00e1n Mdel M. Pleural empyema due to Gemella spp: report of 12 cases (Article in Spanish). Rev Med Chil. 2012, 140:1544-7. 10.4067\/S0034-98872012001200004","journal-title":"Rev Med Chil"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.7799","article-title":"Effect of intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy vs surgery for complicated pleural infections: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"6","author":"Wilshire CL","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wilshire CL, Jackson AS, Valli\u00e8res E, et al.. Effect of intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy vs surgery for complicated pleural infections: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2023, 6:e237799. 10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.7799","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/481324-extended-intrapleural-tissue-plasminogen-activator-tpa-dornase-alfa-dnase-therapy-beyond-the-standard-multicenter-intrapleural-sepsis-trial-2-mist-2-regimen-in-a-high-risk-patient-with-complex-empyema-a-case-report","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T10:47:39Z","timestamp":1776768459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/481324-extended-intrapleural-tissue-plasminogen-activator-tpa-dornase-alfa-dnase-therapy-beyond-the-standard-multicenter-intrapleural-sepsis-trial-2-mist-2-regimen-in-a-high-risk-patient-with-complex-empyema-a-case-report"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"references-count":10,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.107447","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]}}}