{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T23:38:08Z","timestamp":1776814688413,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.107493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T23:00:13Z","timestamp":1776812413000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Correlation of Heart Rate Variability as a Measure of Autonomic Dysregulation in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Dinakaran","family":"Umashankar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karthikeyan","family":"Ramaraju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anupama","family":"Murthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nagashree","family":"R","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jamp.2019.1576","article-title":"Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases","volume":"33","author":"Viegi G","year":"2020","unstructured":"Viegi G, Maio S, Fasola S, Baldacci S. Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2020, 33:171-7. 10.1089\/jamp.2019.1576","journal-title":"J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00128008","article-title":"Systemic manifestations and comorbidities of COPD","volume":"33","author":"Barnes PJ","year":"2009","unstructured":"Barnes PJ, Celli BR. Systemic manifestations and comorbidities of COPD. Eur Respir J. 2009, 33:1165-85. 10.1183\/09031936.00128008","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00124605","article-title":"Global burden of COPD: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Halbert RJ","year":"2006","unstructured":"Halbert RJ, Natoli JL, Gano A, Badamgarav E, Buist AS, Mannino DM. Global burden of COPD: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir J. 2006, 28:523-32. 10.1183\/09031936.06.00124605","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Neural control of human airways in health and disease","volume":"134","author":"Barnes PJ","year":"1986","unstructured":"Barnes PJ. Neural control of human airways in health and disease. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986, 134:1289-314.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1981.241.4.H620","article-title":"Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in humans: how breathing pattern modulates heart rate","volume":"241","author":"Hirsch JA","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hirsch JA, Bishop B. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in humans: how breathing pattern modulates heart rate. Am J Physiol. 1981, 241:H620-9. 10.1152\/ajpheart.1981.241.4.H620","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2010.02.04.5","article-title":"Autonomic dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)","volume":"2","author":"van Gestel AJ","year":"2010","unstructured":"van Gestel AJ, Steier J. Autonomic dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). J Thorac Dis. 2010, 2:215-22. 10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2010.02.04.5","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology","volume":"93","year":"1996","unstructured":"Heart rate variability. standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Circulation. 1996, 93:1043-65.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197605202942107","article-title":"Neural activity and ventricular fibrillation","volume":"294","author":"Lown B","year":"1976","unstructured":"Lown B, Verrier RL. Neural activity and ventricular fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 1976, 294:1165-70. 10.1056\/NEJM197605202942107","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0102-76382009000200018","article-title":"Basic notions of heart rate variability and its clinical applicability","volume":"24","author":"Vanderlei LC","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vanderlei LC, Pastre CM, Hoshi RA, Carvalho TD, Godoy MF. Basic notions of heart rate variability and its clinical applicability. Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc. 2009, 24:205-17. 10.1590\/s0102-76382009000200018","journal-title":"Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-7682-5-31","article-title":"Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of linear and nonlinear indices of heart rate variability in stable angina patients","volume":"5","author":"Pivatelli FC","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pivatelli FC, Dos Santos MA, Fernandes GB, et al.. Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of linear and nonlinear indices of heart rate variability in stable angina patients. Int Arch Med. 2012, 5:31. 10.1186\/1755-7682-5-31","journal-title":"Int Arch Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/145.6.1321","article-title":"A self-complete measure of health status for chronic airflow limitation. The St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire","volume":"145","author":"Jones PW","year":"1992","unstructured":"Jones PW, Quirk FH, Baveystock CM, Littlejohns P. A self-complete measure of health status for chronic airflow limitation. The St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992, 145:1321-7. 10.1164\/ajrccm\/145.6.1321","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021322","article-title":"The body-mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity index in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"350","author":"Celli BR","year":"2004","unstructured":"Celli BR, Cote CG, Marin JM, et al.. The body-mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity index in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2004, 350:1005-12. 10.1056\/NEJMoa021322","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","article-title":"The hospital anxiety and depression scale","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond AS","year":"1983","unstructured":"Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983, 67:361-70. 10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.2025.211.Abstracts.A2698","article-title":"Correlation of heart rate variability with clinicophysiological and psychological profile in stable COPD - a hospital based observational study","volume":"211","author":"Umashankar D","year":"2025","unstructured":"Umashankar D, Ramaraju KR, Murthy A. Correlation of heart rate variability with clinicophysiological and psychological profile in stable COPD - a hospital based observational study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2025, 211:A2698.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.93.3.580","article-title":"Evaluation of clinical methods for rating dyspnea","volume":"93","author":"Mahler DA","year":"1988","unstructured":"Mahler DA, Wells CK. Evaluation of clinical methods for rating dyspnea. Chest. 1988, 93:580-6. 10.1378\/chest.93.3.580","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.166.1.at1102","article-title":"ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test","volume":"166","year":"2002","unstructured":"ATS statement. guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002, 166:111-7. 10.1164\/ajrccm.166.1.at1102","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00213202","article-title":"Interpretation of quality of life scores from the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire","volume":"19","author":"Ferrer M","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ferrer M, Villasante C, Alonso J, et al.. Interpretation of quality of life scores from the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire. Eur Respir J. 2002, 19:405-13. 10.1183\/09031936.02.00213202","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00072212","article-title":"Resting heart rate is a predictor of mortality in COPD","volume":"42","author":"Jensen MT","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jensen MT, Marott JL, Lange P, et al.. Resting heart rate is a predictor of mortality in COPD. Eur Respir J. 2013, 42:341-9. 10.1183\/09031936.00072212","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15412555.2014.898046","article-title":"The effect of 4-week rehabilitation on heart rate variability and QTc interval in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"11","author":"Zupanic E","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zupanic E, Zivanovic I, Kalisnik JM, Avbelj V, Lainscak M. The effect of 4-week rehabilitation on heart rate variability and QTc interval in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. COPD. 2014, 11:659-69. 10.3109\/15412555.2014.898046","journal-title":"COPD"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.594880","article-title":"A critical review of ultra-short-term heart rate variability norms research","volume":"14","author":"Shaffer F","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shaffer F, Meehan ZM, Zerr CL. A critical review of ultra-short-term heart rate variability norms research. Front Neurosci. 2020, 14:594880. 10.3389\/fnins.2020.594880","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/THC-140777","article-title":"Heart rate variability in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a home care program","volume":"22","author":"Zamarr\u00f3n C","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zamarr\u00f3n C, Lado MJ, Teijeiro T, Morete E, Vila XA, Lamas PF. Heart rate variability in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a home care program. Technol Health Care. 2014, 22:91-8. 10.3233\/THC-140777","journal-title":"Technol Health Care"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1070327","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of heart rate variability in COPD","volume":"10","author":"Alqahtani JS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alqahtani JS, Aldhahir AM, Alghamdi SM, et al.. A systematic review and meta-analysis of heart rate variability in COPD. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023, 10:1070327. 10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1070327","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Heart rate variability in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its correlation with disease severity in South Indian population","volume":"10","author":"Ganesan R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ganesan R, Gaur GS, Karthik S, Vishnukanth G. Heart rate variability in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its correlation with disease severity in South Indian population. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2020, 10:209-214.","journal-title":"Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15412555.2014.974743","article-title":"Cardiac sympathetic dominance and systemic inflammation in COPD","volume":"12","author":"Chhabra SK","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chhabra SK, Gupta M, Ramaswamy S, Dash DJ, Bansal V, Deepak KK. Cardiac sympathetic dominance and systemic inflammation in COPD. COPD. 2015, 12:552-9. 10.3109\/15412555.2014.974743","journal-title":"COPD"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/467699-correlation-of-heart-rate-variability-as-a-measure-of-autonomic-dysregulation-in-stable-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T23:00:15Z","timestamp":1776812415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/467699-correlation-of-heart-rate-variability-as-a-measure-of-autonomic-dysregulation-in-stable-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"references-count":24,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.107493","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]}}}