{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T16:41:01Z","timestamp":1776962461707,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.107597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T15:55:10Z","timestamp":1776959710000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of Lithium Exposure With Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Anand","family":"Deonarine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rawan","family":"Elkomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mekdem","family":"Bisrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed Fahad","family":"Gillani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chukwudalu","family":"Ononenyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rana","family":"Elkomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam B","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Azinge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11599180-000000000-00000","article-title":"Does lithium prevent Alzheimer's disease?","volume":"29","author":"Forlenza OV","year":"2012","unstructured":"Forlenza OV, de Paula VJ, Machado-Vieira R, Diniz BS, Gattaz WF. Does lithium prevent Alzheimer's disease?. Drugs Aging. 2012, 29:335-42. 10.2165\/11599180-000000000-00000","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(03)00206-2","article-title":"Lithium and GSK-3: one inhibitor, two inhibitory actions, multiple outcomes","volume":"24","author":"Jope RS","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jope RS. Lithium and GSK-3: one inhibitor, two inhibitory actions, multiple outcomes. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2003, 24:441-3. 10.1016\/S0165-6147(03)00206-2","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.43829","article-title":"GSK-3\u03b2 activation accelerates early-stage consumption of hippocampal neurogenesis in senescent mice","volume":"10","author":"Liu F","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu F, Tian N, Zhang HQ, et al.. GSK-3\u03b2 activation accelerates early-stage consumption of hippocampal neurogenesis in senescent mice. Theranostics. 2020, 10:9674-85. 10.7150\/thno.43829","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30403-4","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016","volume":"18","author":"GBD 2016 Dementia Collaborators","year":"2019","unstructured":"GBD 2016 Dementia Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol. 2019, 18:88-106. 10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30403-4","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-220758","article-title":"Lithium provides broad therapeutic benefits in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model","volume":"91","author":"Wiseman AL","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wiseman AL, Briggs CA, Peritt A, Kapecki N, Peterson DA, Shim SS, Stutzmann GE. Lithium provides broad therapeutic benefits in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. J Alzheimers Dis. 2023, 91:273-90. 10.3233\/JAD-220758","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15m10304","article-title":"Association between lithium use and risk of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"78","author":"Cheng C","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cheng C, Zandi P, Stuart E, Lin CH, Su PY, Alexander GC, Lan TH. Association between lithium use and risk of Alzheimer's disease. J Clin Psychiatry. 2017, 78:e139-45. 10.4088\/JCP.15m10304","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jamiaopen\/ooad035","article-title":"A global federated real-world data and analytics platform for research","volume":"6","author":"Palchuk MB","year":"2023","unstructured":"Palchuk MB, Dreyfus JW, Wiley JPW, et al.. A global federated real-world data and analytics platform for research. JAMIA Open. 2023, 6:ooad035.","journal-title":"JAMIA Open"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01640","article-title":"GSK-3\u03b1 regulates production of Alzheimer's disease amyloid-\u03b2 peptides","volume":"423","author":"Phiel CJ","year":"2003","unstructured":"Phiel CJ, Wilson CA, Lee VM, Klein PS. GSK-3\u03b1 regulates production of Alzheimer's disease amyloid-\u03b2 peptides. Nature. 2003, 423:435-9. 10.1038\/nature01640","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.080044","article-title":"Disease-modifying properties of long-term lithium treatment for amnestic mild cognitive impairment: randomised controlled trial","volume":"198","author":"Forlenza OV","year":"2011","unstructured":"Forlenza OV, Diniz BS, Radanovic M, Santos FS, Talib LL, Gattaz WF. Disease-modifying properties of long-term lithium treatment for amnestic mild cognitive impairment: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry. 2011, 198:351-6. 10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.080044","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1021\/cn5000309","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of lithium: implications for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and related neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"5","author":"Forlenza OV","year":"2014","unstructured":"Forlenza OV, De-Paula VJ, Diniz BS. Neuroprotective effects of lithium: implications for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and related neurodegenerative disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2014, 5:443-50.","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-015-0222-y","article-title":"Lithium protects dopaminergic cells from rotenone toxicity via autophagy enhancement","volume":"16","author":"Hou L","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hou L, Xiong N, Liu L, et al.. Lithium protects dopaminergic cells from rotenone toxicity via autophagy enhancement. BMC Neurosci. 2015, 16:82. 10.1186\/s12868-015-0222-y","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.65.11.1331","article-title":"Lithium treatment and risk of dementia","volume":"65","author":"Kessing LV","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kessing LV, S\u00f8nderg\u00e5rd L, Forman JL, Andersen PK. Lithium treatment and risk of dementia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008, 65:1331-5. 10.1001\/archpsyc.65.11.1331","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205011310010014","article-title":"Microdose lithium treatment stabilized cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"10","author":"Nunes MA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nunes MA, Viel TA, Buck HS. Microdose lithium treatment stabilized cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2013, 10:104-7. 10.2174\/1567205011310010014","journal-title":"Curr Alzheimer Res"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13153","article-title":"Risk of dementia in bipolar disorder and the interplay of lithium: a systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"141","author":"Velosa J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Velosa J, Delgado A, Finger E, Berk M, Kapczinski F, de Azevedo Cardoso T. Risk of dementia in bipolar disorder and the interplay of lithium: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2020, 141:510-21. 10.1111\/acps.13153","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04606","article-title":"Lithium trial in Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter 10-week study","volume":"70","author":"Hampel H","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hampel H, Ewers M, B\u00fcrger K, et al.. Lithium trial in Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter 10-week study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2009, 70:922-31. 10.4088\/JCP.08m04606","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.06.009","article-title":"Cognitive endophenotypes of bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis of neuropsychological deficits in euthymic patients and their first-degree relatives","volume":"113","author":"Bora E","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bora E, Yucel M, Pantelis C. Cognitive endophenotypes of bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis of neuropsychological deficits in euthymic patients and their first-degree relatives. J Affect Disord. 2009, 113:1-20. 10.1016\/j.jad.2008.06.009","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.10.012","article-title":"A review of uses of health care utilization databases for epidemiologic research on therapeutics","volume":"58","author":"Schneeweiss S","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schneeweiss S, Avorn J. A review of uses of health care utilization databases for epidemiologic research on therapeutics. J Clin Epidemiol. 2005, 58:323-37. 10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.10.012","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6","article-title":"Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission","volume":"396","author":"Livingston G","year":"2020","unstructured":"Livingston G, Huntley J, Sommerlad A, et al.. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission. Lancet. 2020, 396:413-46. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/477002-association-of-lithium-exposure-with-alzheimers-disease-a-propensity-score-matched-cohort-study","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T15:55:10Z","timestamp":1776959710000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/477002-association-of-lithium-exposure-with-alzheimers-disease-a-propensity-score-matched-cohort-study"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"references-count":18,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.107597","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]}}}