{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T08:36:58Z","timestamp":1777192618816,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.107723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T08:09:44Z","timestamp":1777190984000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Splenic Tuberculosis in a Patient With Crohn\u2019s Disease Receiving Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) Therapy: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Abdelhalim","family":"Boucaid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nabil","family":"Tiresse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adil","family":"Zegmout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hicham","family":"Souhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ismail","family":"Rhorfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanane","family":"Elouazzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-016-0905-6","article-title":"Solitary splenic tuberculosis: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"14","author":"Lin SF","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lin SF, Zheng L, Zhou L. Solitary splenic tuberculosis: a case report and review of the literature. World J Surg Oncol. 2016, 14:10.1186\/s12957-016-0905-6","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2005.04.015","article-title":"Abdominal tuberculosis: imaging features","volume":"55","author":"Pereira JM","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pereira JM, Madureira AJ, Vieira A, Ramos I. Abdominal tuberculosis: imaging features. Eur J Radiol. 2005, 55:173-80. 10.1016\/j.ejrad.2005.04.015","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.13463","article-title":"Isolated splenic tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient: a rare case","volume":"13","author":"Chablou M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chablou M, Jabi R, Id M'barek A, Seghrouchni N, Bouziane M. Isolated splenic tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient: a rare case. Cureus. 2021, 13:10.7759\/cureus.13463","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00028510","article-title":"The risk of tuberculosis related to tumour necrosis factor antagonist therapies: a TBNET consensus statement","volume":"36","author":"Solovic I","year":"2010","unstructured":"Solovic I, Sester M, Gomez-Reino JJ, et al.. The risk of tuberculosis related to tumour necrosis factor antagonist therapies: a TBNET consensus statement. Eur Respir J. 2010, 36:1185-206. 10.1183\/09031936.00028510","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Adalimumab-associated isolated splenic tuberculosis in a patient with psoriasis following a negative screening with tuberculin skin test and QuantiFERON-Gold","volume":"5","author":"Stavroulakis P","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stavroulakis P, Nikolidaki A, Daskalogiannis S, Kolokouris K, Fanourgiakis P. Adalimumab-associated isolated splenic tuberculosis in a patient with psoriasis following a negative screening with tuberculin skin test and QuantiFERON-Gold. Hosp Chron. 2010, 5:","journal-title":"Hosp Chron"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.12958","article-title":"Isolated splenic tuberculosis: a diagnostic conundrum","volume":"13","author":"Grover S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Grover S, Arya Y, Gaba S, Gupta M, Syal A. Isolated splenic tuberculosis: a diagnostic conundrum. Cureus. 2021, 13:10.7759\/cureus.12958","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-017-2483-2","article-title":"Isolated splenic tuberculosis with subsequent paradoxical deterioration: a case report","volume":"10","author":"Wangai F","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wangai F, Achieng L, Otieno G, Njoroge J, Wambaire T, Rajab J. Isolated splenic tuberculosis with subsequent paradoxical deterioration: a case report. BMC Res Notes. 2017, 10:10.1186\/s13104-017-2483-2","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0012.1754","article-title":"Splenic tuberculosis: a comprehensive review of literature","volume":"90","author":"Gupta A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gupta A. Splenic tuberculosis: a comprehensive review of literature. Pol Przegl Chir. 2018, 90:49-51. 10.5604\/01.3001.0012.1754","journal-title":"Pol Przegl Chir"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.210071","article-title":"Algorithmic approach to the splenic lesion based on radiologic-pathologic correlation","volume":"42","author":"Kim N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim N, Auerbach A, Manning MA. Algorithmic approach to the splenic lesion based on radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2022, 42:683-701. 10.1148\/rg.210071","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjac077","article-title":"Pancreatic and splenic tuberculosis mimicking a pancreatic cancer with splenic metastases in an immunocompetent adolescent: a case report","volume":"2022","author":"Mekontso JG","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mekontso JG, Tchoukeu GL, Nwabo FL, et al.. Pancreatic and splenic tuberculosis mimicking a pancreatic cancer with splenic metastases in an immunocompetent adolescent: a case report. J Surg Case Rep. 2022, 2022:10.1093\/jscr\/rjac077","journal-title":"J Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.102103","article-title":"Adalimumab safety and mortality rates from global clinical trials of six immune-mediated inflammatory diseases","volume":"68","author":"Burmester GR","year":"2009","unstructured":"Burmester GR, Mease P, Dijkmans BA, et al.. Adalimumab safety and mortality rates from global clinical trials of six immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009, 68:1863-9. 10.1136\/ard.2008.102103","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.9.4620","article-title":"TNF regulates chemokine induction essential for cell recruitment, granuloma formation, and clearance of mycobacterial infection","volume":"168","author":"Roach DR","year":"2002","unstructured":"Roach DR, Bean AG, Demangel C, France MP, Briscoe H, Britton WJ. TNF regulates chemokine induction essential for cell recruitment, granuloma formation, and clearance of mycobacterial infection. J Immunol. 2002, 168:4620-7. 10.4049\/jimmunol.168.9.4620","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.12.5883","article-title":"Inflammatory granuloma formation is mediated by TNF-alpha-inducible intercellular adhesion molecule-1","volume":"152","author":"Lukacs NW","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lukacs NW, Chensue SW, Strieter RM, Warmington K, Kunkel SL. Inflammatory granuloma formation is mediated by TNF-alpha-inducible intercellular adhesion molecule-1. J Immunol. 1994, 152:5883-9.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.3.1847-1855.2001","article-title":"Effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha on host immune response in chronic persistent tuberculosis: possible role for limiting pathology","volume":"69","author":"Mohan VP","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mohan VP, Scanga CA, Yu K, et al.. Effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha on host immune response in chronic persistent tuberculosis: possible role for limiting pathology. Infect Immun. 2001, 69:1847-55. 10.1128\/IAI.69.3.1847-1855.2001","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/505430","article-title":"Tumor-necrosis-factor blockers: differential effects on mycobacterial immunity","volume":"194","author":"Saliu OY","year":"2006","unstructured":"Saliu OY, Sofer C, Stein DS, Schwander SK, Wallis RS. Tumor-necrosis-factor blockers: differential effects on mycobacterial immunity. J Infect Dis. 2006, 194:486-92. 10.1086\/505430","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jidsymp.5650031","article-title":"Reactivation of latent tuberculosis by TNF blockade: the role of interferon \u03b3","volume":"12","author":"Wallis RS","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wallis RS. Reactivation of latent tuberculosis by TNF blockade: the role of interferon \u03b3. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2007, 12:16-21. 10.1038\/sj.jidsymp.5650031","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.2001.0919","article-title":"Infliximab downregulates interferon-\u03b3 production in activated gut T-lymphocytes from patients with Crohn's disease","volume":"15","author":"Agnholt J","year":"2001","unstructured":"Agnholt J, Kaltoft K. Infliximab downregulates interferon-\u03b3 production in activated gut T-lymphocytes from patients with Crohn's disease. Cytokine. 2001, 15:212-22. 10.1006\/cyto.2001.0919","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Infliximab induced T lymphocyte apoptosis in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"32","author":"Brande JM","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brande JM, Hommes DW, Peppelenbosch MP. Infliximab induced T lymphocyte apoptosis in Crohn\u2019s disease. J Rheumatol. 2005, 32:26-30.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.11.060","article-title":"Infliximab induces potent anti-inflammatory responses by outside-to-inside signals through transmembrane TNF-\u03b1","volume":"128","author":"Mitoma H","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mitoma H, Horiuchi T, Hatta N, et al.. Infliximab induces potent anti-inflammatory responses by outside-to-inside signals through transmembrane TNF-\u03b1. Gastroenterology. 2005, 128:376-92. 10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.11.060","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-007-0361-2","article-title":"Interferon \u03b3 assay for detecting latent tuberculosis infection in rheumatoid arthritis patients during infliximab administration","volume":"27","author":"Takahashi H","year":"2007","unstructured":"Takahashi H, Shigehara K, Yamamoto M, et al.. Interferon \u03b3 assay for detecting latent tuberculosis infection in rheumatoid arthritis patients during infliximab administration. Rheumatol Int. 2007, 27:1143-8. 10.1007\/s00296-007-0361-2","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/481580-splenic-tuberculosis-in-a-patient-with-crohns-disease-receiving-anti-tumor-necrosis-factor--tnf--therapy-a-case-report","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T08:09:45Z","timestamp":1777190985000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/481580-splenic-tuberculosis-in-a-patient-with-crohns-disease-receiving-anti-tumor-necrosis-factor--tnf--therapy-a-case-report"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]]},"references-count":20,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.107723","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]]}}}