{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T15:14:31Z","timestamp":1778253271231,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.108492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T14:53:01Z","timestamp":1778251981000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MRI-Negative Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia: A Diagnostic Challenge Emphasizing Clinical Localization"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Moataz","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulaziz","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahmah","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.5.714","article-title":"Internuclear ophthalmoplegia: unusual causes in 114 of 410 patients","volume":"62","author":"Keane JR","year":"2005","unstructured":"Keane JR. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia: unusual causes in 114 of 410 patients. Arch Neurol. 2005, 62:714-7. 10.1001\/archneur.62.5.714","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25259\/JCIS_49_2020","article-title":"An anatomic, imaging, and clinical review of the medial longitudinal fasciculus","volume":"10","author":"Fiester P","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fiester P, Baig SA. An anatomic, imaging, and clinical review of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2020, 10:10.25259\/JCIS_49_2020","journal-title":"J Clin Imaging Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000085863.54218.72","article-title":"Accuracy of clinical detection of INO in MS: corroboration with quantitative infrared oculography","volume":"61","author":"Frohman TC","year":"2003","unstructured":"Frohman TC, Frohman EM, O'Suilleabhain P, et al.. Accuracy of clinical detection of INO in MS: corroboration with quantitative infrared oculography. Neurology. 2003, 61:848-50. 10.1212\/01.wnl.0000085863.54218.72","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30470-2","article-title":"Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria","volume":"17","author":"Thompson A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Thompson A, Banwell B. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol. 2017, 17:162-73. 10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30470-2","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.46788","article-title":"A case report on pseudo-internuclear ophthalmoplegia: a rare manifestation of Myasthenia gravis","volume":"15","author":"Munasinghe KV","year":"2023","unstructured":"Munasinghe KV, Herath WA, Silva FH. A case report on pseudo-internuclear ophthalmoplegia: a rare manifestation of Myasthenia gravis. Cureus. 2023, 15:e46788. 10.7759\/cureus.46788","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.9959","article-title":"The medial longitudinal fasciculus and internuclear ophthalmoparesis: there's more than meets the eye","volume":"12","author":"Fiester P","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fiester P, Rao D, Soule E, Andreou S, Haymes D. The medial longitudinal fasciculus and internuclear ophthalmoparesis: there's more than meets the eye. Cureus. 2020, 12:e9959. 10.7759\/cureus.9959","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1893_21","article-title":"Internuclear ophthalmoplegia as a result of cerebral metastatic disease: workup, pathophysiology, and clinical pearls","volume":"2","author":"Patel V","year":"2022","unstructured":"Patel V, Mehra D, Diaz-Martell Y, Saavedra L, Alvarado J, Barros J. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia as a result of cerebral metastatic disease: workup, pathophysiology, and clinical pearls. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2022, 2:517-9. 10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1893_21","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ant.ANT-D-24-00009","article-title":"Presentation of bilateral midbrain infarction as wall-eyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia: a case report","volume":"35","author":"Wu IC","year":"2026","unstructured":"Wu IC, Lin PJ, Chen JH, Huang YC, Hong CT. Presentation of bilateral midbrain infarction as wall-eyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia: a case report. Acta Neurol Taiwan. 2026, 35:44-6. 10.4103\/ant.ANT-D-24-00009","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Taiwan"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.86412","article-title":"Progressive systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease with clinical-radiographic dissociation and delayed transplant access: a case report","volume":"17","author":"Bakinde N","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bakinde N, Johnson A, Ngo Bakinde D, Pemu P, Flenaugh E. Progressive systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease with clinical-radiographic dissociation and delayed transplant access: a case report. Cureus. 2025, 17:e86412. 10.7759\/cureus.86412","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2010.07.003","article-title":"Clinical, radiographic, prognostic and therapeutic aspects of demyelinating disease with tumefactive demyelinating lesions (Article in French)","volume":"167","author":"Launay M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Launay M, Lebrun C, Giordana E, Chanalet S, Thomas P. Clinical, radiographic, prognostic and therapeutic aspects of demyelinating disease with tumefactive demyelinating lesions (Article in French). Rev Neurol (Paris). 2011, 167:14-22. 10.1016\/j.neurol.2010.07.003","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105103","article-title":"The association of multiple sclerosis with thyroid disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"80","author":"Gautam S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gautam S, Bhattarai A, Shah S, et al.. The association of multiple sclerosis with thyroid disease: a meta-analysis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2023, 80:105103. 10.1016\/j.msard.2023.105103","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(90)90024-4","article-title":"Prednisone effects on blood-brain barrier permeability and CNS IgG synthesis in healthy humans","volume":"15","author":"Wolkowitz O M","year":"1990","unstructured":"Wolkowitz O M, Papadopoulos NM. Prednisone effects on blood-brain barrier permeability and CNS IgG synthesis in healthy humans. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1990, 15:155-8. 10.1016\/0306-4530(90)90024-4","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-65448-0_20","article-title":"Steroids and the blood-brain barrier with special reference to astrocytic cells","author":"Sano K","year":"1972","unstructured":"Sano K, Hatanaka H, Kamano S. Steroids and the blood-brain barrier with special reference to astrocytic cells. Steroids and Brain Edema. Reulen HJ, Sch\u00fcrmann K (ed): Springer, Berlin, Germany; 1972. 177-82. 10.1007\/978-3-642-65448-0_20"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/485388-mri-negative-internuclear-ophthalmoplegia-a-diagnostic-challenge-emphasizing-clinical-localization","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T14:53:01Z","timestamp":1778251981000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/485388-mri-negative-internuclear-ophthalmoplegia-a-diagnostic-challenge-emphasizing-clinical-localization"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"references-count":13,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.108492","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]}}}