{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T06:00:15Z","timestamp":1787032815394,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.108499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T17:22:20Z","timestamp":1778260940000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Estimation of Colistin Resistance Among Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli: An Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Dolly","family":"Shiromani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neelima","family":"Ranjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Argal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1754133","article-title":"Colistin and its role in the era of antibiotic resistance: an extended review (2000-2019)","volume":"9","author":"El-Sayed Ahmed MA","year":"2020","unstructured":"El-Sayed Ahmed MA, Zhong LL, Shen C, Yang Y, Doi Y, Tian GB. Colistin and its role in the era of antibiotic resistance: an extended review (2000-2019). Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020, 9:868-85. 10.1080\/22221751.2020.1754133","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70780-7","article-title":"Global antibiotic consumption 2000 to 2010: an analysis of national pharmaceutical sales data","volume":"14","author":"Van Boeckel TP","year":"2014","unstructured":"Van Boeckel TP, Gandra S, Ashok A, et al.. Global antibiotic consumption 2000 to 2010: an analysis of national pharmaceutical sales data. Lancet Infect Dis. 2014, 14:742-50. 10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70780-7","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13070673","article-title":"Longitudinal Trends in in-patient antibiotic consumption according to the WHO access, watch, Reserve (aware) antibiotic groups and cost: an analysis of data at a National Antimicrobial Consumption Network (NAC-net) site in North India over 7 years (2017-2023)","volume":"13","author":"Mittal N","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mittal N, Tayal A, Kumar S, Dhawan R, Goel N, Mittal R. Longitudinal Trends in in-patient antibiotic consumption according to the WHO access, watch, Reserve (aware) antibiotic groups and cost: an analysis of data at a National Antimicrobial Consumption Network (NAC-net) site in North India over 7 years (2017-2023). Antibiotics (Basel). 2024, 13:673. 10.3390\/antibiotics13070673","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1120009X.2024.2405355","article-title":"Colistin resistance among the Gram-negative nosocomial pathogens in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Dwibedy SK","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dwibedy SK, Padhy I, Panda AK, Mohapatra SS. Colistin resistance among the Gram-negative nosocomial pathogens in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Chemother. 2025, 37:389-401. 10.1080\/1120009X.2024.2405355","journal-title":"J Chemother"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.04.16.045906","article-title":"Colistin susceptibility pattern in Gram negative bacilli isolated from patients of Dhaka Medical College Hospital with distribution of antibiotic resistance genes among them","volume":"18","author":"Mostofa HA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mostofa HA, Shamsuzzaman SM, Hasan M. Colistin susceptibility pattern in Gram negative bacilli isolated from patients of Dhaka Medical College Hospital with distribution of antibiotic resistance genes among them. bioRxiv. 2020, 18:10.1101\/2020.04.16.045906","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01163-18","article-title":"Two-site evaluation of the colistin broth disk elution test to determine colistin in vitro activity against Gram-negative bacilli","volume":"57","author":"Simner PJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Simner PJ, Bergman Y, Trejo M, et al.. Two-site evaluation of the colistin broth disk elution test to determine colistin in vitro activity against Gram-negative bacilli. J Clin Microbiol. 2019, 57:01163-18. 10.1128\/JCM.01163-18","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22207\/JPAM.16.2.08","article-title":"Evaluation of colistin broth disk elution and colistin Agar test: a study from tertiary care hospital, South India","volume":"1","author":"Sujatha SR","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sujatha SR, Deepashree R, Tejashree A, Sai S. Evaluation of colistin broth disk elution and colistin Agar test: a study from tertiary care hospital, South India. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2022, 1:885-90. 10.22207\/JPAM.16.2.08","journal-title":"J Pure Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. (2026). Accessed: April 23, 2026: https:\/\/clsi.org\/?utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=transaction."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.823684","article-title":"Global threat of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria","volume":"12","author":"Jean SS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jean SS, Harnod D, Hsueh PR. Global threat of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022, 12:823684. 10.3389\/fcimb.2022.823684","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mda.2003.7","article-title":"Epidemiology of urinary tract infections: incidence, morbidity, and economic costs","volume":"49","author":"Foxman B","year":"2003","unstructured":"Foxman B. Epidemiology of urinary tract infections: incidence, morbidity, and economic costs. Dis Mon. 2003, 49:53-70. 10.1067\/mda.2003.7","journal-title":"Dis Mon"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1754","article-title":"International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units","volume":"302","author":"Vincent JL","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vincent JL, Rello J, Marshall J, et al.. International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units. J Am Med Assoc. 2009, 302:2323-9. 10.1001\/jama.2009.1754","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw741","article-title":"Comparing the outcomes of patients with carbapenemase-producing and non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia","volume":"64","author":"Tamma PD","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tamma PD, Goodman KE, Harris AD, Tekle T, Roberts A, Taiwo A, Simner PJ. Comparing the outcomes of patients with carbapenemase-producing and non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis. 2017, 64:257-64. 10.1093\/cid\/ciw741","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00102-19","article-title":"The global ascendency of OXA-48-type carbapenemases","volume":"33","author":"Pitout JD","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pitout JD, Peirano G, Kock MM, Strydom KA, Matsumura Y. The global ascendency of OXA-48-type carbapenemases. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2019, 33:00102-19. 10.1128\/CMR.00102-19","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1478","article-title":"Infectious Diseases Society of America guidance on the treatment of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR-P. aeruginosa)","volume":"72","author":"Tamma PD","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tamma PD, Aitken SL, Bonomo RA, Mathers AJ, van Duin D, Clancy CJ. Infectious Diseases Society of America guidance on the treatment of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR-P. aeruginosa). Clin Infect Dis. 2021, 72:e169-83. 10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1478","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.4.657-686.2005","article-title":"Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases: a clinical update","volume":"18","author":"Paterson DL","year":"2005","unstructured":"Paterson DL, Bonomo RA. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases: a clinical update. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005, 18:657-86. 10.1128\/CMR.18.4.657-686.2005","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1710.110655","article-title":"Global spread of Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae","volume":"17","author":"Nordmann P","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nordmann P, Naas T, Poirel L. Global spread of Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011, 17:1791-8. 10.3201\/eid1710.110655","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4328\/ACAM.20207","article-title":"The efficiency of colistin, minocycline, tigecycline and doxycycline against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter strains","volume":"12","author":"Gorgun S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gorgun S, Guzel M, Gunal O, K\u0131l\u0131c SS. The efficiency of colistin, minocycline, tigecycline and doxycycline against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter strains. Ann Clin Anal Med. 2021, 12:120-3. 10.4328\/ACAM.20207","journal-title":"Ann Clin Anal Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01269-19","article-title":"Multicenter evaluation of colistin broth disk elution and colistin Agar test: a report from the clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","volume":"57","author":"Humphries RM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Humphries RM, Green DA, Schuetz AN, et al.. Multicenter evaluation of colistin broth disk elution and colistin Agar test: a report from the clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. J Clin Microbiol. 2019, 57:01269-19. 10.1128\/JCM.01269-19","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab311","article-title":"Cefiderocol activity against clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates exhibiting ceftolozane-tazobactam resistance","volume":"8","author":"Simner PJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Simner PJ, Beisken S, Bergman Y, Posch AE, Cosgrove SE, Tamma PD. Cefiderocol activity against clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates exhibiting ceftolozane-tazobactam resistance. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2021, 8:ofab311. 10.1093\/ofid\/ofab311","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00084-14","article-title":"Resistance to colistin associated with a single amino acid change in protein PmrB among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates of worldwide origin","volume":"58","author":"Jayol A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jayol A, Poirel L, Brink A, Villegas MV, Yilmaz M, Nordmann P. Resistance to colistin associated with a single amino acid change in protein PmrB among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates of worldwide origin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014, 58:4762-6. 10.1128\/AAC.00084-14","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01423-17","article-title":"High-level resistance to colistin mediated by various mutations in the CRRB gene among carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"61","author":"Jayol A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jayol A, Nordmann P, Brink A, Villegas MV, Dubois V, Poirel L. High-level resistance to colistin mediated by various mutations in the CRRB gene among carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017, 61:01423-17. 10.1128\/AAC.01423-17","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2015.1018989","article-title":"Colistin, mechanisms and prevalence of resistance","volume":"31","author":"Bialvaei AZ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bialvaei AZ, Samadi Kafil H. Colistin, mechanisms and prevalence of resistance. Curr Med Res Opin. 2015, 31:707-21. 10.1185\/03007995.2015.1018989","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028","article-title":"Bacteriologic profile and susceptibility pattern of mechanically ventilated paediatric patients with pneumonia","volume":"18","author":"El-Nawawy A","year":"2019","unstructured":"El-Nawawy A, Ramadan MA, Antonios MA, Arafa SA, Hamza E. Bacteriologic profile and susceptibility pattern of mechanically ventilated paediatric patients with pneumonia. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2019, 18:88-94. 10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.01.028","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02448-17","article-title":"Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Exhibiting Clinically Undetected Colistin Heteroresistance Leads to Treatment Failure in a Murine Model of Infection","volume":"9","author":"Band VI","year":"2018","unstructured":"Band VI, Satola SW, Burd EM, Farley MM, Jacob JT, Weiss DS. Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Exhibiting Clinically Undetected Colistin Heteroresistance Leads to Treatment Failure in a Murine Model of Infection. mBio. 2018, 9:02448-17. 10.1128\/mBio.02448-17","journal-title":"mBio"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/465260-estimation-of-colistin-resistance-among-multidrug-resistant-gram-negative-bacilli-an-observational-study","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T17:22:21Z","timestamp":1778260941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/465260-estimation-of-colistin-resistance-among-multidrug-resistant-gram-negative-bacilli-an-observational-study"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"references-count":24,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.108499","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]}}}