{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T14:08:26Z","timestamp":1779199706321,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.109182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T13:13:59Z","timestamp":1779196439000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Aberrant CD4 Expression in Plasma Cell Myeloma With Unusual Morphology: A Rare Diagnostic Pitfall"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Gayathry","family":"Rajasekharan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunitha","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Resmi","family":"Rajeev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"WHO Classification of Tumours, 5th Edition","year":"2022","unstructured":"WHO Classification of Tumours, 5th Edition. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon (France); 2022."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2020.01.017","article-title":"Consensus guidelines on the diagnosis of multiple myeloma and related disorders: recommendations of the Myeloma Canada Research Network Consensus Guideline Consortium","volume":"20","author":"Bergstrom DJ","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bergstrom DJ, Kotb R, Louzada ML, Sutherland HJ, Tavoularis S, Venner CP. Consensus guidelines on the diagnosis of multiple myeloma and related disorders: recommendations of the Myeloma Canada Research Network Consensus Guideline Consortium. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2020, 20:e352-67. 10.1016\/j.clml.2020.01.017","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14218\/JCTP.2023.00009","article-title":"Plasma cell neoplasms with unusual anatomic locations, morphology, phenotype, and review of literature: a case series","volume":"3","author":"Alani A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alani A, Choudhuri J, Malonis RJ, et al.. Plasma cell neoplasms with unusual anatomic locations, morphology, phenotype, and review of literature: a case series. J Clin Transl Pathol. 2023, 3:138-45. 10.14218\/JCTP.2023.00009","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Pathol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPENJ68FFBRIYB","article-title":"Plasma cell myeloma and related neoplasms","volume":"136","author":"Lorsbach RB","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lorsbach RB, Hsi ED, Dogan A, Fend F. Plasma cell myeloma and related neoplasms. Am J Clin Pathol. 2011, 136:168-82. 10.1309\/AJCPENJ68FFBRIYB","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jha2.935","article-title":"Aberrant CD4 expression in plasmablastic transformation of multiple myeloma","volume":"5","author":"Shiroshita K","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shiroshita K, Kohashi S, Sakamoto M, Kudo H, Nakanishi K, Toyama T. Aberrant CD4 expression in plasmablastic transformation of multiple myeloma. EJHaem. 2024, 5:629-30. 10.1002\/jha2.935","journal-title":"EJHaem"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17843286.2016.1201629","article-title":"Plasmablastic transformation of plasma cell myeloma with heterotropic expression of CD3 and CD4: a case report","volume":"72","author":"Mishra P","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mishra P, Kakri S, Gujral S. Plasmablastic transformation of plasma cell myeloma with heterotropic expression of CD3 and CD4: a case report. Acta Clin Belg. 2017, 72:250-3. 10.1080\/17843286.2016.1201629","journal-title":"Acta Clin Belg"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52768\/2766-7820\/1409","article-title":"Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the tongue: a case report","volume":"2","author":"Berdica L","year":"2021","unstructured":"Berdica L, Bushati T, Aga A, et al.. Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the tongue: a case report. J Clin Images Med Case Rep. 2021, 2:1409. 10.52768\/2766-7820\/1409","journal-title":"J Clin Images Med Case Rep"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2021.09.011","article-title":"The many faces of plasma cell neoplasms: morphological and immunophenotypical variants of the great imitator","volume":"54","author":"El Hussein S","year":"2022","unstructured":"El Hussein S, Medeiros LJ, Hu S, Lin P, Wang W. The many faces of plasma cell neoplasms: morphological and immunophenotypical variants of the great imitator. Pathology. 2022, 54:32-42. 10.1016\/j.pathol.2021.09.011","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2004.01763.x","article-title":"Morphological variants of plasma cell tumours","volume":"44","author":"Banerjee SS","year":"2004","unstructured":"Banerjee SS, Verma S, Shanks JH. Morphological variants of plasma cell tumours. Histopathology. 2004, 44:2-8. 10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2004.01763.x","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/93.5.657","article-title":"Plasma cell myeloma with cleaved, multilobated, and monocytoid nuclei","volume":"93","author":"Zukerberg LR","year":"1990","unstructured":"Zukerberg LR, Ferry JA, Conlon M, Harris NL. Plasma cell myeloma with cleaved, multilobated, and monocytoid nuclei. Am J Clin Pathol. 1990, 93:657-61. 10.1093\/ajcp\/93.5.657","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12288-022-01614-1","article-title":"Unusual plasma cell morphology: a diagnostic dilemma","volume":"39","author":"Mahajan V","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mahajan V, Vishwaroop S, Khodaiji S. Unusual plasma cell morphology: a diagnostic dilemma. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2023, 39:353-5. 10.1007\/s12288-022-01614-1","journal-title":"Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4084\/MJHID.2021.043","article-title":"Aberrant acquisition of T-cell associated markers in plasma cell neoplasms: an aggressive disease with extramedullary involvement and very short survival","volume":"13","author":"Soliman DS","year":"2021","unstructured":"Soliman DS, El Sabah H, Ganwo I, et al.. Aberrant acquisition of T-cell associated markers in plasma cell neoplasms: an aggressive disease with extramedullary involvement and very short survival. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2021, 13:e2021043. 10.4084\/MJHID.2021.043","journal-title":"Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"T-cell antigen-positive multiple myeloma","volume":"3","author":"Spier CM","year":"1990","unstructured":"Spier CM, Grogan TM, Durie BG, Richter LC, Vela E, Frutiger Y, Rangel CS. T-cell antigen-positive multiple myeloma. Mod Pathol. 1990, 3:302-7.","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-1435","article-title":"Gene expression profiling reveals aberrant T-cell marker expression on tumor cells of Waldenstr\u00f6m's macroglobulinemia","volume":"25","author":"Hao M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hao M, Barlogie B, Tricot G, Liu L, Qiu L, Shaughnessy JD Jr, Zhan F. Gene expression profiling reveals aberrant T-cell marker expression on tumor cells of Waldenstr\u00f6m's macroglobulinemia. Clin Cancer Res. 2019, 25:201-9. 10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-1435","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2017.177","article-title":"CD3-positive plasmablastic B-cell neoplasms: a diagnostic pitfall","volume":"31","author":"Pan Z","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pan Z, Chen M, Zhang Q, et al.. CD3-positive plasmablastic B-cell neoplasms: a diagnostic pitfall. Mod Pathol. 2018, 31:718-31. 10.1038\/modpathol.2017.177","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.75336","article-title":"Relapsed multiple myeloma in the gastrointestinal tract with aberrant expression of CD3: a case report","volume":"16","author":"Quach P","year":"2024","unstructured":"Quach P, Lack M, Ash RM, Cunningham MT, Farrell D. Relapsed multiple myeloma in the gastrointestinal tract with aberrant expression of CD3: a case report. Cureus. 2024, 16:e75336. 10.7759\/cureus.75336","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2016.02.019","article-title":"Dual CD3 and CD4 positive plasma cell neoplasm with indistinct morphology: a diagnostic pitfall","volume":"48","author":"Luo X","year":"2016","unstructured":"Luo X, Kuklani R, Bains A. Dual CD3 and CD4 positive plasma cell neoplasm with indistinct morphology: a diagnostic pitfall. Pathology. 2016, 48:378-80. 10.1016\/j.pathol.2016.02.019","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003120445","article-title":"Plasma cell neoplasms","author":"Gorczyca W","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gorczyca W. Plasma cell neoplasms. Atlas of Differential Diagnosis in Neoplastic Hematopathology. CRC Press (Taylor &amp; Francis Group, LLC), Boca Raton, Florida; 2022. 4:342-64. 10.1201\/9781003120445"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000046628","article-title":"Hepatic failure due to CD3+ plasma cell infiltration of the liver in multiple myeloma","volume":"107","author":"Ya\u011fc\u00ed M","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ya\u011fc\u00ed M, Sucak GT, Akyol G, Haznedar R. Hepatic failure due to CD3+ plasma cell infiltration of the liver in multiple myeloma. Acta Haematol. 2002, 107:38-42. 10.1159\/000046628","journal-title":"Acta Haematol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/492265-aberrant-cd4-expression-in-plasma-cell-myeloma-with-unusual-morphology-a-rare-diagnostic-pitfall","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T13:14:00Z","timestamp":1779196440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/492265-aberrant-cd4-expression-in-plasma-cell-myeloma-with-unusual-morphology-a-rare-diagnostic-pitfall"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"references-count":19,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.109182","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]}}}