{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T09:02:04Z","timestamp":1780563724674,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.110221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T08:01:38Z","timestamp":1780560098000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Accuracy of Preoperative Planning Technologies in Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Meshal","family":"Jarebi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed S","family":"Alhomaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salman H","family":"Ghzwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Othman D","family":"Alamri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulmalik M","family":"Almukhashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saud M","family":"Almousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulaziz S","family":"Almuhaisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad F","family":"Aljuhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albaraa M","family":"Aati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra H","family":"Al Ghazwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raed S","family":"Alruwaili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1603631","article-title":"Rates of upper facet joint violation in minimally invasive percutaneous and open instrumentation: a comparative cohort study of different insertion techniques","volume":"79","author":"Archavlis E","year":"2018","unstructured":"Archavlis E, Amr N, Kantelhardt SR, Giese A. Rates of upper facet joint violation in minimally invasive percutaneous and open instrumentation: a comparative cohort study of different insertion techniques. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2018, 79:1-8. 10.1055\/s-0037-1603631","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcs.90","article-title":"Miniature robotic guidance for spine surgery - introduction of a novel system and analysis of challenges encountered during the clinical development phase at two spine centres","volume":"2","author":"Barzilay Y","year":"2006","unstructured":"Barzilay Y, Liebergall M, Fridlander A, Knoller N. Miniature robotic guidance for spine surgery - introduction of a novel system and analysis of challenges encountered during the clinical development phase at two spine centres. Int J Med Robot. 2006, 2:146-53. 10.1002\/rcs.90","journal-title":"Int J Med Robot"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11701-019-01007-z","article-title":"Navigated robotic assistance results in improved screw accuracy and positive clinical outcomes: an evaluation of the first 54 cases","volume":"14","author":"Benech CA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Benech CA, Perez R, Benech F, Greeley SL, Crawford N, Ledonio C. Navigated robotic assistance results in improved screw accuracy and positive clinical outcomes: an evaluation of the first 54 cases. J Robot Surg. 2020, 14:431-7. 10.1007\/s11701-019-01007-z","journal-title":"J Robot Surg"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3556-8","article-title":"Successful correction of sagittal imbalance can be calculated on the basis of pelvic incidence and age","volume":"23","author":"Berjano P","year":"2014","unstructured":"Berjano P, Langella F, Ismael MF, Damilano M, Scopetta S, Lamartina C. Successful correction of sagittal imbalance can be calculated on the basis of pelvic incidence and age. Eur Spine J. 2014, 23:587-96. 10.1007\/s00586-014-3556-8","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-05978-3","article-title":"Pedicle screw insertion with patient-specific 3D-printed guides based on low-dose CT scan is more accurate than free-hand technique in spine deformity patients: a prospective, randomized clinical trial","volume":"28","author":"Cecchinato R","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cecchinato R, Berjano P, Zerbi A, Damilano M, Redaelli A, Lamartina C. Pedicle screw insertion with patient-specific 3D-printed guides based on low-dose CT scan is more accurate than free-hand technique in spine deformity patients: a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Eur Spine J. 2019, 28:1712-23. 10.1007\/s00586-019-05978-3","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-021-06951-9","article-title":"Accuracy assessment of pedicle screw insertion with patient specific 3D\u2011printed guides through superimpose CT-analysis in thoracolumbar spinal deformity surgery","volume":"30","author":"Cool J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cool J, van Schuppen J, de Boer MA, van Royen BJ. Accuracy assessment of pedicle screw insertion with patient specific 3D\u2011printed guides through superimpose CT-analysis in thoracolumbar spinal deformity surgery. Eur Spine J. 2021, 30:3216-24. 10.1007\/s00586-021-06951-9","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1247527","article-title":"Performance evaluation of an AI-based preoperative planning software application for automatic selection of pedicle screws based on computed tomography images","volume":"10","author":"Jia S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jia S, Weng Y, Wang K, et al.. Performance evaluation of an AI-based preoperative planning software application for automatic selection of pedicle screws based on computed tomography images. Front Surg. 2023, 10:10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1247527","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-021-06942-w","article-title":"The predictive accuracy of surgical planning using pre-op planning software and a robotic guidance system","volume":"30","author":"Kisinde S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kisinde S, Hu X, Hesselbacher S, Lieberman IH. The predictive accuracy of surgical planning using pre-op planning software and a robotic guidance system. Eur Spine J. 2021, 30:3676-87. 10.1007\/s00586-021-06942-w","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568220988504","article-title":"Surgical planning for adult spinal deformity: anticipated sagittal alignment corrections according to the surgical level","volume":"12","author":"Lafage R","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lafage R, Schwab F, Elysee J, et al.. Surgical planning for adult spinal deformity: anticipated sagittal alignment corrections according to the surgical level. Global Spine J. 2022, 12:1761-9. 10.1177\/2192568220988504","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.8.SPINE11272","article-title":"Multicenter validation of a formula predicting postoperative spinopelvic alignment","volume":"16","author":"Lafage V","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lafage V, Bharucha NJ, Schwab F, et al.. Multicenter validation of a formula predicting postoperative spinopelvic alignment. J Neurosurg Spine. 2012, 16:15-21. 10.3171\/2011.8.SPINE11272","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcs.1413","article-title":"Optimal surgical planning guidance for lumbar spinal fusion considering operational safety and vertebra-screw interface strength","volume":"8","author":"Lee J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lee J, Kim S, Kim YS, Chung WK. Optimal surgical planning guidance for lumbar spinal fusion considering operational safety and vertebra-screw interface strength. Int J Med Robot. 2012, 8:261-72. 10.1002\/rcs.1413","journal-title":"Int J Med Robot"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcs.2207","article-title":"Evaluation of a new spinal surgical robotic system of Kirschner wire placement for lumbar fusion: a multi-centre, randomised controlled clinical study","volume":"17","author":"Li J","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li J, Huang L, Zhou W, et al.. Evaluation of a new spinal surgical robotic system of Kirschner wire placement for lumbar fusion: a multi-centre, randomised controlled clinical study. Int J Med Robot. 2021, 17:10.1002\/rcs.2207","journal-title":"Int J Med Robot"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682221092003","article-title":"How much lumbar lordosis does a patient need to reach their age-adjusted alignment target? A formulated approach predicting successful surgical outcomes","volume":"14","author":"McCarthy MH","year":"2024","unstructured":"McCarthy MH, Lafage R, Smith JS, et al.. How much lumbar lordosis does a patient need to reach their age-adjusted alignment target? A formulated approach predicting successful surgical outcomes. Global Spine J. 2024, 14:41-8. 10.1177\/21925682221092003","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-022-07420-7","article-title":"The validation study of preoperative surgical planning for corrective target in adult spinal deformity surgery with 5-year follow-up for mechanical complications","volume":"31","author":"Oe S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oe S, Yamato Y, Hasegawa T, et al.. The validation study of preoperative surgical planning for corrective target in adult spinal deformity surgery with 5-year follow-up for mechanical complications. Eur Spine J. 2022, 31:3662-72. 10.1007\/s00586-022-07420-7","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.02.022","article-title":"Preoperative computer-based simulations for the correction of kyphotic deformities in ankylosing spondylitis patients","volume":"14","author":"Park YS","year":"2014","unstructured":"Park YS, Kim HS, Baek SW, Oh JH. Preoperative computer-based simulations for the correction of kyphotic deformities in ankylosing spondylitis patients. Spine J. 2014, 14:2420-4. 10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.02.022","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.08.017","article-title":"Pre-operative planning and rod customization may optimize post-operative alignment and mitigate development of malalignment in multi-segment posterior cervical decompression and fusion patients","volume":"59","author":"Passias PG","year":"2019","unstructured":"Passias PG, Horn SR, Jalai CM, et al.. Pre-operative planning and rod customization may optimize post-operative alignment and mitigate development of malalignment in multi-segment posterior cervical decompression and fusion patients. J Clin Neurosci. 2019, 59:248-53. 10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.08.017","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6120580","article-title":"Adult spinal deformities: can patient-specific rods change the preoperative planning into clinical reality? Feasibility study and preliminary results about 77 cases","volume":"2020","author":"Prost S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Prost S, Pesenti S, Farah K, Tropiano P, Fuentes S, Blondel B. Adult spinal deformities: can patient-specific rods change the preoperative planning into clinical reality? Feasibility study and preliminary results about 77 cases. Adv Orthop. 2020, 2020:10.1155\/2020\/6120580","journal-title":"Adv Orthop"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1691822","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging for surgical planning in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy","volume":"81","author":"Sch\u00f6ller K","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sch\u00f6ller K, Siller S, Brem C, Lutz J, Zausinger S. Diffusion tensor imaging for surgical planning in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2020, 81:1-9. 10.1055\/s-0039-1691822","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx431","article-title":"The utility of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging for determining the flexibility of sagittal imbalance","volume":"83","author":"Sharma A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sharma A, Pourtaheri S, Savage J, Kalfas I, Mroz TE, Benzel EC, Steinmetz MP. The utility of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging for determining the flexibility of sagittal imbalance. Neurosurgery. 2018, 83:465-70. 10.1093\/neuros\/nyx431","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-016-2849-6","article-title":"Evaluation of degenerative disease of the lumbar spine: MR\/MR myelography versus conventional myelography\/post-myelography CT","volume":"158","author":"Shiban E","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shiban E, von Lehe M, Simon M, et al.. Evaluation of degenerative disease of the lumbar spine: MR\/MR myelography versus conventional myelography\/post-myelography CT. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2016, 158:1571-8. 10.1007\/s00701-016-2849-6","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jss.2018.05.16","article-title":"Utilization of the 3D-printed spine model for freehand pedicle screw placement in complex spinal deformity correction","volume":"4","author":"Tan LA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tan LA, Yerneni K, Tuchman A, Li XJ, Cerpa M, Lehman Jr RA, Lenke LG. Utilization of the 3D-printed spine model for freehand pedicle screw placement in complex spinal deformity correction. J Spine Surg. 2018, 4:319-27. 10.21037\/jss.2018.05.16","journal-title":"J Spine Surg"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2019.11.008","article-title":"Measuring the performance of patient-specific solutions for minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion surgery","volume":"71","author":"Thayaparan GK","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thayaparan GK, Owbridge MG, Linden M, Thompson RG, Lewis PM, D'Urso PS. Measuring the performance of patient-specific solutions for minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion surgery. J Clin Neurosci. 2020, 71:43-50. 10.1016\/j.jocn.2019.11.008","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005835","article-title":"Pedicle screw placement accuracy of bone-mounted miniature robot system","volume":"96","author":"Tsai TH","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tsai TH, Tzou RD, Su YF, Wu CH, Tsai CY, Lin CL. Pedicle screw placement accuracy of bone-mounted miniature robot system. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017, 96:10.1097\/MD.0000000000005835","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000960","article-title":"Clinical pedicle screw accuracy and deviation from planning in robot-guided spine surgery: robot-guided pedicle screw accuracy","volume":"40","author":"van Dijk JD","year":"2015","unstructured":"van Dijk JD, Ende RP, Stramigioli S, K\u00f6chling M, H\u00f6ss N. Clinical pedicle screw accuracy and deviation from planning in robot-guided spine surgery: robot-guided pedicle screw accuracy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2015, 40:986-91. 10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000960","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-023-03291-1","article-title":"Pedicle screw placement accuracy in robot-assisted spinal fusion in a multicenter study","volume":"51","author":"Volk VL","year":"2023","unstructured":"Volk VL, Steele KA, Cinello-Smith M, et al.. Pedicle screw placement accuracy in robot-assisted spinal fusion in a multicenter study. Ann Biomed Eng. 2023, 51:2518-27. 10.1007\/s10439-023-03291-1","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.3.FOCUS259","article-title":"Early outcomes with virtual surgical planning software and patient-specific instrumentation in adult spinal deformity","volume":"58","author":"Weinberg JH","year":"2025","unstructured":"Weinberg JH, Ritchey N, Wang JL, et al.. Early outcomes with virtual surgical planning software and patient-specific instrumentation in adult spinal deformity. Neurosurg Focus. 2025, 58:10.3171\/2025.3.FOCUS259","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001209","article-title":"Calculation of the target lumbar lordosis angle for restoring an optimal pelvic tilt in elderly patients with adult spinal deformity","volume":"41","author":"Yamato Y","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yamato Y, Hasegawa T, Kobayashi S, et al.. Calculation of the target lumbar lordosis angle for restoring an optimal pelvic tilt in elderly patients with adult spinal deformity. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2016, 41:211-7. 10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001209","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1719099","article-title":"Retrospective comparison of minimally invasive and open monosegmental lumbar fusion, and impact of virtual reality on surgical planning and strategy","volume":"82","author":"Alsofy SZ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alsofy SZ, Nakamura M, Ewelt C, et al.. Retrospective comparison of minimally invasive and open monosegmental lumbar fusion, and impact of virtual reality on surgical planning and strategy. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2021, 82:399-409. 10.1055\/s-0040-1719099","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.06.057","article-title":"Virtual reality-based evaluation of surgical planning and outcome of monosegmental, unilateral cervical foraminal stenosis","volume":"129","author":"Alsofy SZ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alsofy SZ, Stroop R, Fusek I, et al.. Virtual reality-based evaluation of surgical planning and outcome of monosegmental, unilateral cervical foraminal stenosis. World Neurosurg. 2019, 129:857-65. 10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.06.057","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31825ef937","article-title":"Spine bull's-eye robot guidewire placement with pedicle standard axis view for thoracic and lumbar pedicle screw fixation","volume":"25","author":"Zhang C","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhang C, Wang Z, Zhang C, Chen F, Zhang H, Yan X. Spine bull's-eye robot guidewire placement with pedicle standard axis view for thoracic and lumbar pedicle screw fixation. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2012, 25:191-8. 10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31825ef937","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-024-04712-0","article-title":"Precise execution of personalized surgical planning using three-dimensional printed guide template in severe and complex adult spinal deformity patients requiring three-column osteotomy: a retrospective, comparative matched-cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Yang H, Han C, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Hai Y. Precise execution of personalized surgical planning using three-dimensional printed guide template in severe and complex adult spinal deformity patients requiring three-column osteotomy: a retrospective, comparative matched-cohort study. J Orthop Surg Res. 2024, 19:10.1186\/s13018-024-04712-0","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682231161304","article-title":"How good are surgeons at achieving their preoperative goal sagittal alignment following adult deformity surgery?","volume":"14","author":"Smith JS","year":"2024","unstructured":"Smith JS, Elias E, Sursal T, et al.. How good are surgeons at achieving their preoperative goal sagittal alignment following adult deformity surgery?. Global Spine J. 2024, 14:1924-36. 10.1177\/21925682231161304","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rec.2021.07.010","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"74","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al.. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2021, 74:790-9. 10.1016\/j.rec.2021.07.010","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-7-16","article-title":"Utilization of the PICO framework to improve searching PubMed for clinical questions","volume":"7","author":"Schardt C","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schardt C, Adams MB, Owens T, Keitz S, Fontelo P. Utilization of the PICO framework to improve searching PubMed for clinical questions. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2007, 7:10.1186\/1472-6947-7-16","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.03.003","article-title":"Testing the Newcastle Ottawa Scale showed low reliability between individual reviewers","volume":"66","author":"Hartling L","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hartling L, Milne A, Hamm MP, Vandermeer B, Ansari M, Tsertsvadze A, Dryden DM. Testing the Newcastle Ottawa Scale showed low reliability between individual reviewers. J Clin Epidemiol. 2013, 66:982-93. 10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.03.003","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182872e5f","article-title":"NIH toolbox for assessment of neurological and behavioral function","volume":"80","author":"Gershon RC","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gershon RC, Wagster MV, Hendrie HC, Fox NA, Cook KF, Nowinski CJ. NIH toolbox for assessment of neurological and behavioral function. Neurology. 2013, 80:2-6. 10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182872e5f","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2023.06.015","article-title":"Risk-of-bias assessment using Cochrane's revised tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) was useful but challenging and resource-intensive: observations from a systematic review","volume":"161","author":"Crocker TF","year":"2023","unstructured":"Crocker TF, Lam N, Jord\u00e3o M, et al.. Risk-of-bias assessment using Cochrane's revised tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) was useful but challenging and resource-intensive: observations from a systematic review. J Clin Epidemiol. 2023, 161:39-45. 10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2023.06.015","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/495718-comparative-accuracy-of-preoperative-planning-technologies-in-spinal-deformity-surgery-a-systematic-review","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T08:01:39Z","timestamp":1780560099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/495718-comparative-accuracy-of-preoperative-planning-technologies-in-spinal-deformity-surgery-a-systematic-review"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"references-count":37,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.110221","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]}}}