{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T16:05:44Z","timestamp":1780675544034,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.110307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T15:44:04Z","timestamp":1780674244000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inter-device Agreement and Normative Corneal Parameters in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Structured Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Stella","family":"Georgiadou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Costas H","family":"Karabatsas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athina","family":"Plakitsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Pateras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11081466","article-title":"Current developments in corneal topography and tomography","volume":"11","author":"Kanclerz P","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kanclerz P, Khoramnia R, Wang X. Current developments in corneal topography and tomography. Diagnostics. 2021, 11:1466. 10.3390\/diagnostics11081466","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2021.02.08","article-title":"Evaluation of corneal topographic, tomographic and biomechanical indices for detecting clinical and subclinical keratoconus: a comprehensive three-device study","volume":"14","author":"Heidari Z","year":"2021","unstructured":"Heidari Z, Hashemi H, Mohammadpour M, Amanzadeh K, Fotouhi A. Evaluation of corneal topographic, tomographic and biomechanical indices for detecting clinical and subclinical keratoconus: a comprehensive three-device study. Int J Ophthalmol. 2021, 14:228-239. 10.18240\/ijo.2021.02.08","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.11.031","article-title":"Corneal biometric features and their association with axial length in high myopia","volume":"238","author":"Jin G","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jin G, Liu Z, Wang L, Zhu Y, Luo L, Liu Y. Corneal biometric features and their association with axial length in high myopia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2022, 238:45-51. 10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.11.031","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000580","article-title":"Influence of corneal topographic parameters in the decentration of orthokeratology","volume":"45","author":"Gu T","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gu T, Gong B, Lu D, Lin W, Li N, He Q, Wei R. Influence of corneal topographic parameters in the decentration of orthokeratology. Eye Contact Lens. 2019, 45:372-376. 10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000580","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e11699","article-title":"Investigation of the relationship between contact lens design parameters and refractive changes in Ortho-K","volume":"8","author":"Wu LY","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu LY, Esporcatte LPG, Li WK, et al.. Investigation of the relationship between contact lens design parameters and refractive changes in Ortho-K. Heliyon. 2022, 8:e11699. 10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e11699","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.904604","article-title":"Performances of corneal topography and tomography in the diagnosis of subclinical and clinical keratoconus","volume":"9","author":"Nicula CA","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nicula CA, Bulboac\u0103 AE, Nicula D, Nicula AP, Horvath KU, Bolboac\u0103 SD. Performances of corneal topography and tomography in the diagnosis of subclinical and clinical keratoconus. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022, 9:904604. 10.3389\/fmed.2022.904604","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optom.2019.11.001","article-title":"A review of corneal imaging methods for the early diagnosis of pre-clinical Keratoconus","volume":"13","author":"Masiwa LE","year":"2020","unstructured":"Masiwa LE, Moodley V. A review of corneal imaging methods for the early diagnosis of pre-clinical Keratoconus. J Optom. 2020, 13:269-275. 10.1016\/j.optom.2019.11.001","journal-title":"J Optom"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.0507","article-title":"Screening candidates for refractive surgery with corneal tomographic-based deep learning","volume":"138","author":"Xie Y","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xie Y, Zhao L, Yang X, et al.. Screening candidates for refractive surgery with corneal tomographic-based deep learning. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2020, 138:519-526. 10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.0507","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2025.02.001","article-title":"Impact of tear film stability on corneal refractive power measurement and surgical planning for cataract","volume":"5","author":"Jiang Y","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jiang Y, Chen X, Gao Y, et al.. Impact of tear film stability on corneal refractive power measurement and surgical planning for cataract. Adv Ophthalmol Pract Res. 2025, 5:100-106. 10.1016\/j.aopr.2025.02.001","journal-title":"Adv Ophthalmol Pract Res"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/11206721211060139","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of Sirius indices in diagnosis of keratoconus and suspect keratoconus","volume":"32","author":"Salman A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Salman A, Darwish T, Ali A, Ghabra M, Rafea Shaaban. Sensitivity and specificity of Sirius indices in diagnosis of keratoconus and suspect keratoconus. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2021, 32:790-797. 10.1177\/11206721211060139","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13082378","article-title":"Topographic keratoconus incidence in Greece diagnosed in routine consecutive cataract procedures: a consecutive case series of 1250 cases over 5 years","volume":"13","author":"Kanellopoulos AJ","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kanellopoulos AJ, Kanellopoulos AJ. Topographic keratoconus incidence in Greece diagnosed in routine consecutive cataract procedures: a consecutive case series of 1250 cases over 5 years. J Clin Med. 2024, 13:2378. 10.3390\/jcm13082378","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-87532-4","article-title":"Different keratoconus definitions can lead to substantial prevalence disparities in population-based studies","volume":"15","author":"Shabani H","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shabani H, van Dooren BT, Meester-Smoor MA, Geerards AA, Klaver CC, Ramdas WD. Different keratoconus definitions can lead to substantial prevalence disparities in population-based studies. Sci Rep. 2025, 15:3483. 10.1038\/s41598-025-87532-4","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17469899.2023.2224565","article-title":"Anterior segment optical coherence tomography in iris and ciliary body tumors: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Mirzayev I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mirzayev I, G\u00fcnd\u00fcz AK, G\u00fcnd\u00fcz \u00d6\u00d6. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography in iris and ciliary body tumors: a systematic review. Expert Rev Ophthalmol. 2023, 18:193-204. 10.1080\/17469899.2023.2224565","journal-title":"Expert Rev Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S503195","article-title":"Corneal epithelial thickness mapping in healthy population corneas using MS-39 anterior segment optical coherence tomography","volume":"19","author":"AlTurki HS","year":"2025","unstructured":"AlTurki HS, Alsubhi SS, Alhazmi A, et al.. Corneal epithelial thickness mapping in healthy population corneas using MS-39 anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Clin Ophthalmol. 2025, 19:249-259. 10.2147\/OPTH.S503195","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13136","article-title":"Applications of corneal topography and tomography: a review","volume":"46","author":"Fan R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fan R, Chan TC, Prakash G, Jhanji V. Applications of corneal topography and tomography: a review. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2018, 46:133-146. 10.1111\/ceo.13136","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7869\/djo.581","article-title":"Pentacam \u2014 a corneal tomography system","volume":"31","author":"Upadhyaya A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Upadhyaya A, Goel S, Kumawat D, Khan S, Sahay P. Pentacam \u2014 a corneal tomography system. DJO. 2020, 31:90-95. 10.7869\/djo.581","journal-title":"DJO"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40662-022-00290-6","article-title":"Comparison of corneal tomography using a novel swept-source optical coherence tomographer and rotating Scheimpflug system in normal and keratoconus eyes: repeatability and agreement analysis","volume":"9","author":"Herber R","year":"2022","unstructured":"Herber R, Lenk J, Pillunat LE, Raiskup F. Comparison of corneal tomography using a novel swept-source optical coherence tomographer and rotating Scheimpflug system in normal and keratoconus eyes: repeatability and agreement analysis. Eye Vis. 2022, 9:19. 10.1186\/s40662-022-00290-6","journal-title":"Eye Vis"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.03.037","article-title":"A comparative study of total corneal power using a ray tracing method obtained from 3 different Scheimpflug camera devices","volume":"216","author":"Pan C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pan C, Tan W, Savini G, et al.. A comparative study of total corneal power using a ray tracing method obtained from 3 different Scheimpflug camera devices. Am J Ophthalmol. 2020, 216:90-98. 10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.03.037","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-025-03916-0","article-title":"Agreement between swept-source OCT and Scheimpflug biometers in ocular measurements","volume":"25","author":"McLintock C","year":"2025","unstructured":"McLintock C, McKelvie J, Niyazmand H, Uprety S. Agreement between swept-source OCT and Scheimpflug biometers in ocular measurements. BMC Ophthalmol. 2025, 25:127. 10.1186\/s12886-025-03916-0","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006","article-title":"Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050","volume":"123","author":"Holden BA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Holden BA, Fricke TR, Wilson DA, et al.. Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050. Ophthalmology. 2016, 123:1036-1042. 10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-019-1220-0","article-title":"A review on the epidemiology of myopia in school children worldwide","volume":"20","author":"Grzybowski A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grzybowski A, Kanclerz P, Tsubota K, Lanca C, Saw SM. A review on the epidemiology of myopia in school children worldwide. BMC Ophthalmol. 2020, 20:27. 10.1186\/s12886-019-1220-0","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12956","article-title":"Evaluation of corneal topography, pachymetry and higher order aberrations for detecting subclinical keratoconus","volume":"42","author":"Kandel S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kandel S, Chaudhary M, Mishra SK, et al.. Evaluation of corneal topography, pachymetry and higher order aberrations for detecting subclinical keratoconus. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2022, 42:594-608. 10.1111\/opo.12956","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTO.S544550","article-title":"Impact of orthokeratology on corneal morphology, ocular health and myopia control in children: a 12-month clinical assessment in myopic children living in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","volume":"17","author":"Low YC","year":"2025","unstructured":"Low YC, Mohd-Ali B, Mohamad Shahimin M, Mohidin N. Impact of orthokeratology on corneal morphology, ocular health and myopia control in children: a 12-month clinical assessment in myopic children living in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Clin Optom. 2025, 17:371-382. 10.2147\/OPTO.S544550","journal-title":"Clin Optom"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2020.1804593","article-title":"Screening for keratoconus in a high-risk adolescent population","volume":"28","author":"Armstrong BK","year":"2021","unstructured":"Armstrong BK, Smith SD, Coc IR, Agarwal P, Mustapha N, Navon S. Screening for keratoconus in a high-risk adolescent population. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2021, 28:191-197. 10.1080\/09286586.2020.1804593","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/joco.joco_152_24","article-title":"Agreement between Placido disc, Scheimpflug, and optical coherence tomography-based measurements of corneal topography in healthy myopic individuals","volume":"36","author":"Zarei-Ghanavati S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zarei-Ghanavati S, Moghaddam MS, Bakhtiari E, Shirzad S, Sadeghi J, Shariati MM. Agreement between Placido disc, Scheimpflug, and optical coherence tomography-based measurements of corneal topography in healthy myopic individuals. J Curr Ophthalmol. 2024, 36:272-278. 10.4103\/joco.joco_152_24","journal-title":"J Curr Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002280","article-title":"Comparison of a new swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography and a Scheimpflug camera for measurement of corneal curvature","volume":"39","author":"Zhang T","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang T, Zhou Y, Young CA, Chen A, Jin G, Zheng D. Comparison of a new swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography and a Scheimpflug camera for measurement of corneal curvature. Cornea. 2020, 39:818-822. 10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002280","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1519992","article-title":"Comparison of the reliability of corneal curvature and eccentricity measurements in myopic eyes using four different devices","volume":"12","author":"Qu D","year":"2025","unstructured":"Qu D, Yu J, Zhou Y. Comparison of the reliability of corneal curvature and eccentricity measurements in myopic eyes using four different devices. Front Med (Lausanne). 2025, 12:1519992. 10.3389\/fmed.2025.1519992","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000944","article-title":"Correlation between Placido-disc and rotating Scheimpflug keratometric findings before and after corneal crosslinking in children with keratoconus","volume":"48","author":"Polido J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Polido J, Xavier Dos Santos Ara\u00fajo ME, H Wakamatsu T, et al.. Correlation between Placido-disc and rotating Scheimpflug keratometric findings before and after corneal crosslinking in children with keratoconus. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2022, 48:1183-1189. 10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000944","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-023-00813-x","article-title":"Comparison of a new Scheimpflug camera and swept-source optical coherence tomographer for measurements of anterior segment parameters","volume":"12","author":"Huang X","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang X, Lin X, Yang Y, et al.. Comparison of a new Scheimpflug camera and swept-source optical coherence tomographer for measurements of anterior segment parameters. Ophthalmol Ther. 2023, 12:3187-3198. 10.1007\/s40123-023-00813-x","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Ther"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2025.105218","article-title":"Comparison of corneal curvature and astigmatism measured in myopic eyes by Pentacam, Sirius and IOLMaster 700","volume":"56","author":"Song H","year":"2025","unstructured":"Song H, Yang W, Wei J, Wang X. Comparison of corneal curvature and astigmatism measured in myopic eyes by Pentacam, Sirius and IOLMaster 700. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2025, 56:105218. 10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2025.105218","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210501500102","article-title":"Comparison of keratometric and topographic cylinder and axis measurements on normal corneas with low astigmatism","volume":"15","author":"Karabatsas CH","year":"2005","unstructured":"Karabatsas CH, Papaefthymiou I, Aslanides IM, Chatzoulis DZ. Comparison of keratometric and topographic cylinder and axis measurements on normal corneas with low astigmatism. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2005, 15:8-16. 10.1177\/112067210501500102","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/amj-23-257","article-title":"Comparative analysis of anterior corneal surface characteristics measured by two topographers and two autokeratometers","volume":"0","author":"Noya-Padin V","year":"2023","unstructured":"Noya-Padin V, Nores-Palmas N, Pena-Verdeal H, et al.. Comparative analysis of anterior corneal surface characteristics measured by two topographers and two autokeratometers. AME Med J. 2023, 0:0. 10.21037\/amj-23-257","journal-title":"AME Med J"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2025.2596954","article-title":"Keratometry and the Central radius with aspheric corneal surfaces","volume":"51","author":"Langenbucher A","year":"2026","unstructured":"Langenbucher A, Wendelstein J, Cayless A, Hoffmann P, Szentm\u00e1ry N. Keratometry and the Central radius with aspheric corneal surfaces. Curr Eye Res. 2026, 51:397-403. 10.1080\/02713683.2025.2596954","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-025-03742-0","article-title":"Understanding the relationship between astigmatism, posterior cornea and corneal thickness: a move to total corneal power","volume":"39","author":"Nanavaty MA","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nanavaty MA. Understanding the relationship between astigmatism, posterior cornea and corneal thickness: a move to total corneal power. Eye (Lond). 2025, 39:1437-1439. 10.1038\/s41433-025-03742-0","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14010238","article-title":"Comparison of a Scheimpflug camera and optical coherence tomography in evaluating keratoconic eyes post keratoplasty","volume":"14","author":"Gadamer AM","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gadamer AM, Miklaszewski P, Janiszewska-Bil D, et al.. Comparison of a Scheimpflug camera and optical coherence tomography in evaluating keratoconic eyes post keratoplasty. J Clin Med. 2025, 14:238. 10.3390\/jcm14010238","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2515841421995633","article-title":"Comparison of central corneal thickness measurements with three different optical devices","volume":"13","author":"\u00dc\u00e7er MB","year":"2021","unstructured":"\u00dc\u00e7er MB, Bozkurt E. Comparison of central corneal thickness measurements with three different optical devices. Ther Adv Ophthalmol. 2021, 13:10.1177\/2515841421995633","journal-title":"Ther Adv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.15057","article-title":"Peripheral corneal thickness and associated factors \u2014 results from the population-based German Gutenberg Health Study","volume":"100","author":"Fie\u00df A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fie\u00df A, Marx-Gro\u00df S, Wasielica-Poslednik J, et al.. Peripheral corneal thickness and associated factors \u2014 results from the population-based German Gutenberg Health Study. Acta Ophthalmol. 2022, 100:e1298-e1305. 10.1111\/aos.15057","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S376411","article-title":"Normative values for corneal tomography and comparison of both eyes in young Saudi males with 20\/20 vision using Pentacam-HR Scheimpflug imaging","volume":"16","author":"Alshehri O","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alshehri O, Abdelaal AM, Abudawood G, Khan MA, Alsharif S, Hijazi H, AlQassimi A. Normative values for corneal tomography and comparison of both eyes in young Saudi males with 20\/20 vision using Pentacam-HR Scheimpflug imaging. Clin Ophthalmol. 2022, 16:2631-2637. 10.2147\/OPTH.S376411","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2019.5068","article-title":"The distribution of keratometry in a population based study","volume":"97","author":"Yekta AA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yekta AA, Heydarian S, Hashemi H, et al.. The distribution of keratometry in a population based study. Acta Ophthalmologica. 2019, 97:.. 10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2019.5068","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-59037-z","article-title":"Associations between corneal curvature and other anterior segment biometrics in young myopic adults","volume":"14","author":"Jiang L","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jiang L, Du Z, Sun W, et al.. Associations between corneal curvature and other anterior segment biometrics in young myopic adults. Sci Rep. 2024, 14:8305. 10.1038\/s41598-024-59037-z","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-24-333","article-title":"Correlations of anterior and posterior corneal parameters in Chinese myopic patients: a retrospective multicenter study","volume":"15","author":"Hu Y","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hu Y, Wang Y, Du Z, et al.. Correlations of anterior and posterior corneal parameters in Chinese myopic patients: a retrospective multicenter study. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2025, 15:88-102. 10.21037\/qims-24-333","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52725\/aocl.2022.21.1.15","article-title":"Corneal asphericity variations in Korean myopic children","volume":"21","author":"Kim HS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim HS, Whang W-J, Park S-K, et al.. Corneal asphericity variations in Korean myopic children. Ann Optom Contact Lens. 2022, 21:15-20. 10.52725\/aocl.2022.21.1.15","journal-title":"Ann Optom Contact Lens"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-51920-4","article-title":"Refractive error and biometrics of anterior segment of eyes of healthy young university students in Japan","volume":"9","author":"Kato K","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kato K, Kondo M, Takeuchi M, Hirano K. Refractive error and biometrics of anterior segment of eyes of healthy young university students in Japan. Sci Rep. 2019, 9:15337. 10.1038\/s41598-019-51920-4","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.724674","article-title":"A multicenter study of the distribution pattern of posterior-to-anterior corneal curvature radii ratio in Chinese myopic patients","volume":"8","author":"Tang C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tang C, Wu Q, Liu B, Wu G, Fan J, Hu Y, Yu H. A multicenter study of the distribution pattern of posterior-to-anterior corneal curvature radii ratio in Chinese myopic patients. Front Med. 2021, 8:724674. 10.3389\/fmed.2021.724674","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874364102115010013","article-title":"Ethnic differences of corneal parameters: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Alsaqr A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alsaqr A, Muammar AB, Alshabrami A, et al.. Ethnic differences of corneal parameters: a cross-sectional study. Open Ophthalmol J. 2021, 15:13-20. 10.2174\/1874364102115010013","journal-title":"Open Ophthalmol J"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optom.2020.03.004","article-title":"The profile of astigmatism in 6-12-year-old children in Iran","volume":"14","author":"Hashemi H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hashemi H, Asharlous A, Khabazkhoob M, Yekta A, Emamian MH, Fotouhi A. The profile of astigmatism in 6-12-year-old children in Iran. J Optom. 2021, 14:58-68. 10.1016\/j.optom.2020.03.004","journal-title":"J Optom"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S219912","article-title":"Biometric parameters and corneal astigmatism: differences between male and female eyes","volume":"14","author":"De Bernardo M","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Bernardo M, Zeppa L, Zeppa L, Cornetta P, Vitiello L, Rosa N. Biometric parameters and corneal astigmatism: differences between male and female eyes. Clin Ophthalmol. 2020, 14:571-580. 10.2147\/OPTH.S219912","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002507","article-title":"Age-related changes in astigmatism and potential causes","volume":"39 Suppl 1","author":"Namba H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Namba H, Sugano A, Murakami T, et al.. Age-related changes in astigmatism and potential causes. Cornea. 2020, 39 Suppl 1:S34-S38. 10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002507","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S293695","article-title":"Corneal epithelial thickness profile in healthy Portuguese children by high-definition optical coherence tomography","volume":"15","author":"Loureiro TO","year":"2021","unstructured":"Loureiro TO, Rodrigues-Barros S, Lopes D, Carreira AR, Gouveia-Moraes F, Vide-Escada A, Campos NP. Corneal epithelial thickness profile in healthy Portuguese children by high-definition optical coherence tomography. Clin Ophthalmol. 2021, 15:735-743. 10.2147\/OPTH.S293695","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000526280","article-title":"The anterior segment biometrics in high myopia eyes","volume":"66","author":"Li M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li M, Luo Z, Yan X, Chen Z. The anterior segment biometrics in high myopia eyes. Ophthalmic Res. 2023, 66:75-85. 10.1159\/000526280","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21103\/article13(3)_oa6","article-title":"The importance of the correlation between CCT and corneal curvature in refractive surgery","volume":"13","author":"Ismaili M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ismaili M. The importance of the correlation between CCT and corneal curvature in refractive surgery. Int J Biomed. 2023, 13:91-95. 10.21103\/article13(3)_oa6","journal-title":"Int J Biomed"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-023-03222-7","article-title":"Correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Zhang Z","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Mu J, Wei J, et al.. Correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Ophthalmol. 2023, 23:472. 10.1186\/s12886-023-03222-7","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12814","article-title":"Ocular biometry in children and adolescents from 4 to 17 years: a cross-sectional study in central Germany","volume":"41","author":"Rauscher FG","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rauscher FG, Francke M, Hiemisch A, Kiess W, Michael R. Ocular biometry in children and adolescents from 4 to 17 years: a cross-sectional study in central Germany. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2021, 41:496-511. 10.1111\/opo.12814","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-022-00589-6","article-title":"Long-term results of laser in situ keratomileusis in myopic patients with topographic indices outside suggested ranges","volume":"11","author":"Hashemi H","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hashemi H, Mehravaran S, Panahi P, Abdollahinia T, Asgari S. Long-term results of laser in situ keratomileusis in myopic patients with topographic indices outside suggested ranges. Ophthalmol Ther. 2022, 11:2285-2295. 10.1007\/s40123-022-00589-6","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Ther"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/coa.0000000000000023","article-title":"Enhanced screening for ectasia risk: Multimodal refractive imaging observations from the fellow unoperated eye of patients with post-laser in situ keratomileusis ectasia","volume":"3","author":"Salom\u00e3o MQ","year":"2024","unstructured":"Salom\u00e3o MQ, Lopes BT, Hoffling-Lima AL, et al.. Enhanced screening for ectasia risk: Multimodal refractive imaging observations from the fellow unoperated eye of patients with post-laser in situ keratomileusis ectasia. Cornea Open. 2024, 3:e0023. 10.1097\/coa.0000000000000023","journal-title":"Cornea Open"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31080\/asop.2023.06.0666","article-title":"Comparison of blink rate and blink pattern between hard copy soft copy readers","volume":"6","author":"Kalaria K","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kalaria K, Shah H, Patel P. Comparison of blink rate and blink pattern between hard copy soft copy readers. Act Sci Oph. 2023, 6:11-18. 10.31080\/asop.2023.06.0666","journal-title":"Act Sci Oph"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.13575","article-title":"Digital eye strain and its risk factors among a university student population in Jordan: a cross-sectional study","volume":"13","author":"Gammoh Y","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gammoh Y. Digital eye strain and its risk factors among a university student population in Jordan: a cross-sectional study. Cureus. 2021, 13:e13575. 10.7759\/cureus.13575","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001840","article-title":"The effects of daily digital device use on the ocular surface in healthy children","volume":"99","author":"Kazanci B","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kazanci B, Eroglu FC. The effects of daily digital device use on the ocular surface in healthy children. Optom Vis Sci. 2022, 99:167-171. 10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001840","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18240\/ier.2020.01.03","article-title":"Comparing the corneal curvatures obtained from three different keratometers-IOL Master, Bausch & Lomb Manual keratometer and TOPCON KR 8800 autokeratometer","volume":"1","author":"Pereira A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pereira A. Comparing the corneal curvatures obtained from three different keratometers-IOL Master, Bausch & Lomb Manual keratometer and TOPCON KR 8800 autokeratometer. Int Eye Res. 2020, 1:13-16. 10.18240\/ier.2020.01.03","journal-title":"Int Eye Res"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sjopt.sjopt_138_21","article-title":"Agreement between swept-source optical biometry and Scheimpflug-based tomography in eyes with previous myopic refractive surgery","volume":"36","author":"Karmiris E","year":"2022","unstructured":"Karmiris E, Gartaganis PS, Ntravalias T, Manousakis E, Giannakis I, Chalkiadaki E. Agreement between swept-source optical biometry and Scheimpflug-based tomography in eyes with previous myopic refractive surgery. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2022, 36:229-236. 10.4103\/sjopt.sjopt_138_21","journal-title":"Saudi J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2024.2419672","article-title":"Four-year longitudinal investigation of the relationship between myopia and retinal shape in Chinese Children: the Anyang Childhood Eye Study","volume":"50","author":"Zhang L","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang L, Peng T, Cai ZN, et al.. Four-year longitudinal investigation of the relationship between myopia and retinal shape in Chinese Children: the Anyang Childhood Eye Study. Curr Eye Res. 2025, 50:344-351. 10.1080\/02713683.2024.2419672","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-024-00951-w","article-title":"Myopia control: are we ready for an evidence based approach?","volume":"13","author":"Eppenberger LS","year":"2024","unstructured":"Eppenberger LS, Grzybowski A, Schmetterer L, Ang M. Myopia control: are we ready for an evidence based approach?. Ophthalmol Ther. 2024, 13:1453-1477. 10.1007\/s40123-024-00951-w","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Ther"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-021-00383-w","article-title":"Ectasia after corneal refractive surgery: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Moshirfar M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moshirfar M, Tukan AN, Bundogji N, Liu HY, McCabe SE, Ronquillo YC, Hoopes PC. Ectasia after corneal refractive surgery: a systematic review. Ophthalmol Ther. 2021, 10:753-776. 10.1007\/s40123-021-00383-w","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Ther"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S527570","article-title":"Ethnicity-based differences in corneal asphericity: intraocular lens power calculation, image quality, and visual acuity after cataract surgery using eye models","volume":"19","author":"Das KK","year":"2025","unstructured":"Das KK, Suryakumar R, Lu W, Maxwell A. Ethnicity-based differences in corneal asphericity: intraocular lens power calculation, image quality, and visual acuity after cataract surgery using eye models. Clin Ophthalmol. 2025, 19:2463-2473. 10.2147\/OPTH.S527570","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.71135","article-title":"The corneal epithelial thickness profile in a healthy Saudi population","volume":"16","author":"Alrashidi SH","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alrashidi SH. The corneal epithelial thickness profile in a healthy Saudi population. Cureus. 2024, 16:e71135. 10.7759\/cureus.71135","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/tjo.galenos.2021.90008","article-title":"Results of the school children ocular biometry and refractive error study in South India","volume":"52","author":"Gopalakrishnan A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gopalakrishnan A, Hussaindeen JR, Chaudhary R, et al.. Results of the school children ocular biometry and refractive error study in South India. Turk J Ophthalmol. 2022, 52:412-420. 10.4274\/tjo.galenos.2021.90008","journal-title":"Turk J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pcmedi\/pbae005","article-title":"Accurate prediction of myopic progression and high myopia by machine learning","volume":"7","author":"Li J","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li J, Zeng S, Li Z, et al.. Accurate prediction of myopic progression and high myopia by machine learning. Precis Clin Med. 2024, 7:pbae005. 10.1093\/pcmedi\/pbae005","journal-title":"Precis Clin Med"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-025-01227-x","article-title":"Relationship between acceleration of axial elongation and ocular biometry in schoolchildren","volume":"69","author":"Yamashita T","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yamashita T, Terasaki H, Hamada T, Asaoka R, Yoshihara N, Kakiuchi N, Sakamoto T. Relationship between acceleration of axial elongation and ocular biometry in schoolchildren. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2025, 69:844-849. 10.1007\/s10384-025-01227-x","journal-title":"Jpn J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2025.10.246","article-title":"Artificial intelligence for corneal ectasia screening: a review and insights from data preprocessing","volume":"272","author":"Peller T","year":"2025","unstructured":"Peller T, Machado J, S\u00e1 D, et al.. Artificial intelligence for corneal ectasia screening: a review and insights from data preprocessing. Procedia Comput Sci. 2025, 272:552-557. 10.1016\/j.procs.2025.10.246","journal-title":"Procedia Comput Sci"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.66.9.37","article-title":"Longitudinal study of changes in retinal curvature and its relationship with myopia shift in Chinese children","volume":"66","author":"Wu Y","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wu Y, Liu X, Qian W, Yu Y, Wu S, Ni B, Ke B. Longitudinal study of changes in retinal curvature and its relationship with myopia shift in Chinese children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025, 66:37. 10.1167\/iovs.66.9.37","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20154285","article-title":"Biometric measurement of anterior segment: a review","volume":"20","author":"Liu B","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu B, Kang C, Fang F. Biometric measurement of anterior segment: a review. Sensors (Basel). 2020, 20:10.3390\/s20154285","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-022-02753-9","article-title":"Comparison of anterior corneal aberrations measured by Scheimpflug and Placido disc system for myopes","volume":"22","author":"Lou W","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lou W, Du W, Jin H, Hu Y. Comparison of anterior corneal aberrations measured by Scheimpflug and Placido disc system for myopes. BMC Ophthalmol. 2022, 22:512. 10.1186\/s12886-022-02753-9","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14228192","article-title":"Multicenter European data of anatomical parameters of the anterior eye segment measured with an optical biometer","volume":"14","author":"Niknahad A","year":"2025","unstructured":"Niknahad A, Son HS, Auffarth GU, et al.. Multicenter European data of anatomical parameters of the anterior eye segment measured with an optical biometer. J Clin Med. 2025, 14:8192. 10.3390\/jcm14228192","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-022-00591-y","article-title":"Comparison of two Scheimpflug systems in the measurements of eyes with corneal diameter smaller than 11.1 mm","volume":"12","author":"Niu L","year":"2023","unstructured":"Niu L, Ding L, Qian Y, Zhou X. Comparison of two Scheimpflug systems in the measurements of eyes with corneal diameter smaller than 11.1 mm. Ophthalmol Ther. 2023, 12:125-138. 10.1007\/s40123-022-00591-y","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Ther"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/477488-inter-device-agreement-and-normative-corneal-parameters-in-adolescents-and-young-adults-a-structured-narrative-review","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T15:44:05Z","timestamp":1780674245000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/477488-inter-device-agreement-and-normative-corneal-parameters-in-adolescents-and-young-adults-a-structured-narrative-review"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"references-count":74,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.110307","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]}}}