{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T21:52:36Z","timestamp":1782856356789,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.111838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T20:41:22Z","timestamp":1782852082000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Characteristics of Opioid-Dependent Patients in the Inpatient Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Meshal M","family":"Zuraie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Khubrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faisal","family":"Alzkkri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwa","family":"Abdelmoaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saad","family":"Alqahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Abdelhalim Darweesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013."},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Opioid Use Disorder: Evaluation and Management","author":"Dydyk AM","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dydyk AM, Jain NK, Gupta M. Opioid Use Disorder: Evaluation and Management. StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL); 2024."},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Opioid overdose. (2025). Accessed: June 15, 2026: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/opioid-overdose."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2024.104434","article-title":"Prevalence of comorbid substance use disorders among people with opioid use disorder: a systematic review & meta-analysis","volume":"128","author":"Santo T Jr","year":"2024","unstructured":"Santo T Jr, Gisev N, Campbell G, et al.. Prevalence of comorbid substance use disorders among people with opioid use disorder: a systematic review & meta-analysis. Int J Drug Policy. 2024, 128:104434. 10.1016\/j.drugpo.2024.104434","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13011-020-00285-3","article-title":"Substance use disorders in Saudi Arabia: a scoping review","volume":"15","author":"Saquib N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Saquib N, Rajab AM, Saquib J, AlMazrou A. Substance use disorders in Saudi Arabia: a scoping review. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2020, 15:41. 10.1186\/s13011-020-00285-3","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.2018.319","article-title":"Patterns and sociodemographic characteristics of substance abuse in Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study at a psychiatric rehabilitation center","volume":"38","author":"Ibrahim Y","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ibrahim Y, Hussain SM, Alnasser S, et al.. Patterns and sociodemographic characteristics of substance abuse in Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study at a psychiatric rehabilitation center. Ann Saudi Med. 2018, 38:319-25. 10.5144\/0256-4947.2018.319","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.03.034","article-title":"Two decades of treatment seeking for substance use disorders in Saudi Arabia: trends and patterns in a rehabilitation facility in Dammam","volume":"97","author":"AbuMadini MS","year":"2008","unstructured":"AbuMadini MS, Rahim SI, Al-Zahrani MA, Al-Johi AO. Two decades of treatment seeking for substance use disorders in Saudi Arabia: trends and patterns in a rehabilitation facility in Dammam. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2008, 97:231-6. 10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.03.034","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Prevalence of substance use disorder among psychiatric patients at Eradah complex and mental health-Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","volume":"30","author":"Alshnawani AE","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alshnawani AE, Abd-ellatif EE. Prevalence of substance use disorder among psychiatric patients at Eradah complex and mental health-Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Sau Epid Bull. 2023, 30:","journal-title":"Sau Epid Bull"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-022-00920-z","article-title":"Evaluation of substance use disorder readmission and length of hospital stay in a major rehabilitation center in the Gulf states: a retrospective cohort study","author":"Ramadan M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ramadan M, Alharbi A, Ahmad RG, Alkhalaf A, Alhusseini N, Algarni AS, Mohamed IS. Evaluation of substance use disorder readmission and length of hospital stay in a major rehabilitation center in the Gulf states: a retrospective cohort study. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2022, 1-16. 10.1007\/s11469-022-00920-z","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Addict"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2015.7.11475","article-title":"Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus infection among heroin injectors in the central region of Saudi Arabia","volume":"36","author":"Alshomrani AT","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alshomrani AT. Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus infection among heroin injectors in the central region of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 2015, 36:802-6. 10.15537\/smj.2015.7.11475","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2022.103617","article-title":"Medication for opioid use disorder in the Arab world: a systematic review","volume":"102","author":"Alawa J","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alawa J, Muhammad M, Kazemitabar M, et al.. Medication for opioid use disorder in the Arab world: a systematic review. Int J Drug Policy. 2022, 102:103617. 10.1016\/j.drugpo.2022.103617","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Drugs@FDA: FDA-approved drugs. (2026). Accessed: June 26, 2026: https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cder\/daf\/index.cfm?event=overview.process&ApplNo=022410."},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"Saudi Food & Drug Authority: Saudi public assessment report (summary report)","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saudi Public Assessment Report (Summary Report). Buvidal\u00ae. Saudi Food & Drug Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 2022. https:\/\/www.sfda.gov.sa\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-04\/Buvidal.pdf."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.006","article-title":"2017 ACC\/AHA\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/AGS\/APhA\/ASH\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines","volume":"71","author":"Whelton PK","year":"2018","unstructured":"Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al.. 2017 ACC\/AHA\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/AGS\/APhA\/ASH\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018, 71:e127-248. 10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Vital sign assessment","author":"Sapra A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sapra A, Malik A, Bhandari P, et al.. Vital sign assessment. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL); 2023."},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"John Hopkins Medicine. Vital signs (body temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate, blood pressure). (2026). Accessed: June 26, 2026: https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/vital-signs-body-temperature-pulse-rate-respiration-ra...."},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Temperature","author":"Del Bene VE","year":"1990","unstructured":"Del Bene VE. Temperature. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. 3rd edition. Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW (ed): Butterworths, Boston; 1990."},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. (2025). Accessed: June 21, 2026: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/obesity-and-overweight."}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/501850-characteristics-of-opioid-dependent-patients-in-the-inpatient-setting-a-cross-sectional-study-in-riyadh-saudi-arabia","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T20:41:28Z","timestamp":1782852088000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/501850-characteristics-of-opioid-dependent-patients-in-the-inpatient-setting-a-cross-sectional-study-in-riyadh-saudi-arabia"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"references-count":18,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.111838","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]}}}