{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T17:13:33Z","timestamp":1783790013452,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.112468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T16:24:32Z","timestamp":1783787072000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Violence Against Doctors by Patients and Their Relatives in Hospital Settings: A Narrative Review of Risk Factors, Communication Failures, and Prevention Strategies"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Mohammed K","family":"Elbahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulgadir Elsunny","family":"Hamadelnil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahaeldein","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awab","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tibyan Abdalla","family":"Elniwayri Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athambawa Abdul Azeez","family":"Fathima Zamharah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sedigha Abdulla","family":"Mohamed Rooshenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alia Fathi","family":"Ibrahim Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2020.101381","article-title":"Workplace violence against healthcare professionals: a systematic review","volume":"51","author":"Mento C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mento C, Silvestri MC, Bruno A, Muscatello MR, Cedro C, Pandolfo G, Zoccali RA. Workplace violence against healthcare professionals: a systematic review. Aggress Violent Behav. 2020, 51:101381. 10.1016\/j.avb.2020.101381","journal-title":"Aggress Violent Behav"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2023.101892","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors, consequences, and prevention and management of patient aggression and violence against physicians in hospitals: a systematic review","volume":"74","author":"Wu YH","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu YH, Strating M, Ahaus CTB, Buljac-Samardzic M. Prevalence, risk factors, consequences, and prevention and management of patient aggression and violence against physicians in hospitals: a systematic review. Aggress Violent Behav. 2024, 74:101892. 10.1016\/j.avb.2023.101892","journal-title":"Aggress Violent Behav"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e04800","article-title":"Work place violence (WPV) against healthcare workers in Africa: a systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Njaka S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Njaka S, Edeogu OC, Oko CC, Goni MD, Nkadi N. Work place violence (WPV) against healthcare workers in Africa: a systematic review. Heliyon. 2020, 6:e04800. 10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e04800","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Preventing violence against health workers. Accessed. May 22, 2026: https:\/\/www.who.int\/activities\/preventing-violence-against-health-workers."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.23463","article-title":"Workplace violence against healthcare workers using nationally representative estimates of emergency department data, 2015-2017","volume":"66","author":"Carey I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Carey I, Hendricks K. Workplace violence against healthcare workers using nationally representative estimates of emergency department data, 2015-2017. Am J Ind Med. 2023, 66:333-8. 10.1002\/ajim.23463","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-022-08867-6","article-title":"Workplace violence at emergency departments, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt","volume":"22","author":"Assil AO","year":"2022","unstructured":"Assil AO, Salem AA, Mokhtar OA, et al.. Workplace violence at emergency departments, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt. BMC Health Serv Res. 2022, 22:1437. 10.1186\/s12913-022-08867-6","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080244","article-title":"Violence against physicians working in public tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh: a facility-based cross-sectional study","volume":"14","author":"Hasan MJ","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hasan MJ, Sarkar TY, Ahmed M, et al.. Violence against physicians working in public tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh: a facility-based cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2024, 14:e080244. 10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-080244","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-023-00811-x","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of physical violence against doctors in Bangladeshi tertiary care hospitals","volume":"21","author":"Shahjalal M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shahjalal M, Alam MM, Khan MN, Sultana A, Zaman S, Hossain A, Hawlader MD. Prevalence and determinants of physical violence against doctors in Bangladeshi tertiary care hospitals. Hum Resour Health. 2023, 21:26. 10.1186\/s12960-023-00811-x","journal-title":"Hum Resour Health"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ipj.ipj_79_20","article-title":"Workplace violence against doctors in a tertiary care hospital","volume":"29","author":"Grover S","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grover S, Dalton N, Avasthi A. Workplace violence against doctors in a tertiary care hospital. Ind Psychiatry J. 2020, 29:38-46. 10.4103\/ipj.ipj_79_20","journal-title":"Ind Psychiatry J"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2020.100942","article-title":"Factors influencing violence at emergency departments: patients' relatives' perspectives","volume":"54","author":"Bing\u00f6l S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bing\u00f6l S, \u0130nce S. Factors influencing violence at emergency departments: patients' relatives' perspectives. Int Emerg Nurs. 2021, 54:100942. 10.1016\/j.ienj.2020.100942","journal-title":"Int Emerg Nurs"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e32983","article-title":"Perceptions of patients and their relatives about schadenfreude towards doctors","volume":"10","author":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m F","year":"2024","unstructured":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m F, \u00c7ak\u0131r Z, \u00d6zdemir S, et al.. Perceptions of patients and their relatives about schadenfreude towards doctors. Heliyon. 2024, 10:e32983. 10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e32983","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13584-017-0183-y","article-title":"Violence against physicians and nurses in a hospital: how does it happen? A mixed-methods study","volume":"6","author":"Shafran-Tikva S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shafran-Tikva S, Chinitz D, Stern Z, Feder-Bubis P. Violence against physicians and nurses in a hospital: how does it happen? A mixed-methods study. Isr J Health Policy Res. 2017, 6:59. 10.1186\/s13584-017-0183-y","journal-title":"Isr J Health Policy Res"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-025-00976-7","article-title":"Perspectives of physicians on risk factors for patient aggression and violence against physicians in Chinese hospitals: a Q-methodology study","volume":"23","author":"Wu YH","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wu YH, Ahaus K, Shi J, Zhao D, Buljac-Samardzic M. Perspectives of physicians on risk factors for patient aggression and violence against physicians in Chinese hospitals: a Q-methodology study. Hum Resour Health. 2025, 23:5. 10.1186\/s12960-025-00976-7","journal-title":"Hum Resour Health"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/apd.83748","article-title":"The relationship between violent behavior in healthcare settings and communication skills: an empirical study on provincial hospitals in Ankara","volume":"22","author":"Ghiasee A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ghiasee A, Sa\u011fsan M. The relationship between violent behavior in healthcare settings and communication skills: an empirical study on provincial hospitals in Ankara. Alpha Psychiatry. 2021, 22:106-12. 10.5455\/apd.83748","journal-title":"Alpha Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"Violence in GP surgeries driven by waiting times and drug refusals, global study shows. (2025). Accessed. May 22, 2026: https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/society\/2025\/sep\/23\/violence-in-gp-surgeries-driven-by-waiting-times-and-drug-refusals-gl...."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-092229","article-title":"Impact of patient aggression and violence against physicians on the team and organisational levels in China: a qualitative study","volume":"15","author":"Wu YH","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wu YH, Ahaus K, Zhao D, Buljac-Samardzic M. Impact of patient aggression and violence against physicians on the team and organisational levels in China: a qualitative study. BMJ Open. 2025, 15:e092229. 10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-092229","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19094945","article-title":"Risk of burnout among emergency department staff as a result of violence and aggression from patients and their relatives","volume":"19","author":"Schablon A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schablon A, Kersten JF, Nienhaus A, et al.. Risk of burnout among emergency department staff as a result of violence and aggression from patients and their relatives. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022, 19:4945. 10.3390\/ijerph19094945","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-024-00914-z","article-title":"The importance and feasibility of hospital interventions to prevent and manage patient aggression and violence against physicians in China: a Delphi study","volume":"22","author":"Wu Y","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu Y, Buljac-Samardzic M, Zhao D, Ahaus CT. The importance and feasibility of hospital interventions to prevent and manage patient aggression and violence against physicians in China: a Delphi study. Hum Resour Health. 2024, 22:34. 10.1186\/s12960-024-00914-z","journal-title":"Hum Resour Health"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jen.2023.03.002","article-title":"Evidence-based approaches to mitigate workplace violence from patients and visitors in emergency departments: a rapid review","volume":"49","author":"Recsky C","year":"2023","unstructured":"Recsky C, Moynihan M, Maranghi G, Smith OM, PausJenssen E, Sanon PN, Provost SM, Hamilton CB. Evidence-based approaches to mitigate workplace violence from patients and visitors in emergency departments: a rapid review. J Emerg Nurs. 2023, 49:586-610.","journal-title":"J Emerg Nurs"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/500614-violence-against-doctors-by-patients-and-their-relatives-in-hospital-settings-a-narrative-review-of-risk-factors-communication-failures-and-prevention-strategies","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T16:24:47Z","timestamp":1783787087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/500614-violence-against-doctors-by-patients-and-their-relatives-in-hospital-settings-a-narrative-review-of-risk-factors-communication-failures-and-prevention-strategies"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"references-count":19,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.112468","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]}}}