{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T12:08:59Z","timestamp":1784808539714,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.113217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T11:58:18Z","timestamp":1784807898000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predictive Role of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Serum Creatinine in the Early Detection of Sepsis-Related Organ Dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Ahmed Jamal","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manahil","family":"Mariam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafia","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ilyas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Wasay","family":"Javed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Muhammad","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imran Ali","family":"Shaikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-023-00689-8","article-title":"Sepsis heterogeneity","volume":"19","author":"Wang W","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang W, Liu CF. Sepsis heterogeneity. World J Pediatr. 2023, 19:919-27. 10.1007\/s12519-023-00689-8","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-07012-8","article-title":"Diagnostic and prognostic value of presepsin and procalcitonin in non-infectious organ failure, sepsis, and septic shock: a prospective observational study according to the Sepsis-3 definitions","volume":"22","author":"Lee S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee S, Song J, Park DW, et al.. Diagnostic and prognostic value of presepsin and procalcitonin in non-infectious organ failure, sepsis, and septic shock: a prospective observational study according to the Sepsis-3 definitions. BMC Infect Dis. 2022, 22:8. 10.1186\/s12879-021-07012-8","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2023.12.002","article-title":"Review of sepsis in Pakistan: how far have we come?","volume":"10","author":"Raza HA","year":"2024","unstructured":"Raza HA, Hashmi AP, Khakwani MM, Ali MH, Jamil B. Review of sepsis in Pakistan: how far have we come?. IJID Reg. 2024, 10:108-13. 10.1016\/j.ijregi.2023.12.002","journal-title":"IJID Reg"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713469","article-title":"Neutrophils and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)","volume":"24","author":"Sikora JP","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sikora JP, Karawani J, Sobczak J. Neutrophils and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Int J Mol Sci. 2023, 24:13469. 10.3390\/ijms241713469","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/tjem.tjem_198_23","article-title":"Unraveling the clinical significance and prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index, and delta neutrophil index: an extensive literature review","volume":"24","author":"Islam MM","year":"2024","unstructured":"Islam MM, Satici MO, Eroglu SE. Unraveling the clinical significance and prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index, and delta neutrophil index: an extensive literature review. Turk J Emerg Med. 2024, 24:8-19. 10.4103\/tjem.tjem_198_23","journal-title":"Turk J Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.93292","article-title":"Association between elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and mortality risk in community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Ahmad Ganaie Z","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ahmad Ganaie Z, Aqel Y, Almaalouli B, et al.. Association between elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and mortality risk in community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cureus. 2025, 17:e93292. 10.7759\/cureus.93292","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-023-03572-6","article-title":"Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) prognostic effects on heart failure; a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Vakhshoori M","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vakhshoori M, Nemati S, Sabouhi S, et al.. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) prognostic effects on heart failure; a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2023, 23:555. 10.1186\/s12872-023-03572-6","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-021-00489-1","article-title":"Renal microvascular endothelial cell responses in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury","volume":"18","author":"Molema G","year":"2022","unstructured":"Molema G, Zijlstra JG, van Meurs M, Kamps JA. Renal microvascular endothelial cell responses in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2022, 18:95-112. 10.1038\/s41581-021-00489-1","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.61919\/tf9xx942","article-title":"Role of serum creatinine, serum urea, and urinary albuminuria as primary biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring chronic kidney disease","volume":"278","author":"Shaheen K","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shaheen K, Faireen A, Imran M, Mubeen A. Role of serum creatinine, serum urea, and urinary albuminuria as primary biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring chronic kidney disease. J Health Wellness Commun Res. 2025, 278:278. 10.61919\/tf9xx942","journal-title":"J Health Wellness Commun Res"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-023-00683-3","article-title":"Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: consensus report of the 28th Acute Disease Quality Initiative workgroup","volume":"19","author":"Zarbock A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zarbock A, Nadim MK, Pickkers P, et al.. Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: consensus report of the 28th Acute Disease Quality Initiative workgroup. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2023, 19:401-17. 10.1038\/s41581-023-00683-3","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/femer.2024.1405753","article-title":"Incidence of mortality and its predictors among septic shock patients admitted to the intensive care unit of comprehensive specialized hospitals in the northwest of Amhara, Ethiopia","volume":"2","author":"Mekuria TA","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mekuria TA, Wudu BL, Zegeye AF, Tadesse EE, Nimani TD. Incidence of mortality and its predictors among septic shock patients admitted to the intensive care unit of comprehensive specialized hospitals in the northwest of Amhara, Ethiopia. Front Disaster Emerg Med. 2024, 2:1405753. 10.3389\/femer.2024.1405753","journal-title":"Front Disaster Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0288","article-title":"Assessment of clinical criteria for sepsis: for the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3)","volume":"315","author":"Seymour CW","year":"2016","unstructured":"Seymour CW, Liu VX, Iwashyna TJ, et al.. Assessment of clinical criteria for sepsis: for the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016, 315:762-74. 10.1001\/jama.2016.0288","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01709751","article-title":"The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction\/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"22","author":"Vincent JL","year":"1996","unstructured":"Vincent JL, Moreno R, Takala J, et al.. The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction\/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med. 1996, 22:707-10. 10.1007\/BF01709751","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40779-022-00422-y","article-title":"Sepsis-induced immunosuppression: mechanisms, diagnosis and current treatment options","volume":"9","author":"Liu D","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu D, Huang SY, Sun JH, et al.. Sepsis-induced immunosuppression: mechanisms, diagnosis and current treatment options. Mil Med Res. 2022, 9:56. 10.1186\/s40779-022-00422-y","journal-title":"Mil Med Res"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415722","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction and chronic inflammation: the cornerstones of vascular alterations in age-related diseases","volume":"23","author":"Pacinella G","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pacinella G, Ciaccio AM, Tuttolomondo A. Endothelial dysfunction and chronic inflammation: the cornerstones of vascular alterations in age-related diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2022, 23:15722. 10.3390\/ijms232415722","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13423","article-title":"Neutrophil and remnant clearance in immunity and inflammation","volume":"165","author":"Singhal A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singhal A, Kumar S. Neutrophil and remnant clearance in immunity and inflammation. Immunology. 2022, 165:22-43. 10.1111\/imm.13423","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073636","article-title":"Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio: an emerging marker of the relationships between the immune system and diseases","volume":"23","author":"Buonacera A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Buonacera A, Stancanelli B, Colaci M, Malatino L. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio: an emerging marker of the relationships between the immune system and diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2022, 23:3636. 10.3390\/ijms23073636","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2023.2237192","article-title":"SIRS, SOFA, qSOFA, and NEWS in the diagnosis of sepsis and prediction of adverse outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Qiu X","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qiu X, Lei YP, Zhou RX. SIRS, SOFA, qSOFA, and NEWS in the diagnosis of sepsis and prediction of adverse outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2023, 21:891-900. 10.1080\/14787210.2023.2237192","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2022-0656","article-title":"A novel scoring system combining Modified Early Warning Score with biomarkers of monocyte distribution width, white blood cell counts, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to improve early sepsis prediction in older adults","volume":"61","author":"Lin SF","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lin SF, Lin HA, Pan YH, Hou SK. A novel scoring system combining Modified Early Warning Score with biomarkers of monocyte distribution width, white blood cell counts, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to improve early sepsis prediction in older adults. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2023, 61:162-72. 10.1515\/cclm-2022-0656","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000037046","article-title":"An exploration of the value of NLR, PLR, LMR, and WBC \u00d7 CRP for the diagnosis and treatment of influenza B in adults","volume":"103","author":"Qi JF","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qi JF, Guo ML, Lin L, Fu S, Chen LL. An exploration of the value of NLR, PLR, LMR, and WBC \u00d7 CRP for the diagnosis and treatment of influenza B in adults. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024, 103:e37046. 10.1097\/MD.0000000000037046","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19138077","article-title":"Higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease in overweight\/obese but not normal-weight individuals","volume":"19","author":"Lin CH","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin CH, Li YH, Wang YY, Chang WD. Higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease in overweight\/obese but not normal-weight individuals. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022, 19:8077. 10.3390\/ijerph19138077","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14196822","article-title":"Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)\u2014independent prognostic marker of renal function decline in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Burlacu A","year":"2025","unstructured":"Burlacu A, Namolovan CA, Brinza C, Covic A, Floria M, Voroneanu L, Covic A. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)\u2014independent prognostic marker of renal function decline in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Med. 2025, 14:6822. 10.3390\/jcm14196822","journal-title":"J Clin Med"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/509843-predictive-role-of-neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio-and-serum-creatinine-in-the-early-detection-of-sepsis-related-organ-dysfunction","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T11:58:18Z","timestamp":1784807898000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/509843-predictive-role-of-neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio-and-serum-creatinine-in-the-early-detection-of-sepsis-related-organ-dysfunction"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"references-count":22,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.113217","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]}}}