{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T06:02:52Z","timestamp":1785132172903,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.113426","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T05:56:47Z","timestamp":1785131807000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Periodontitis-Related Trabecular Bone Changes Assessed by Fractal Analysis: A Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Rashmi","family":"Venkatesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radhika S","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandramani B","family":"More","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepa J","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Palak H","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.17-0719","article-title":"Periodontal health and gingival diseases and conditions on an intact and a reduced periodontium: consensus report of workgroup 1 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions","volume":"89","author":"Chapple IL","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chapple IL, Mealey BL, Van Dyke TE, et al.. Periodontal health and gingival diseases and conditions on an intact and a reduced periodontium: consensus report of workgroup 1 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. J Periodontol. 2018, 89:S74-S84. 10.1002\/JPER.17-0719","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8081135","article-title":"Periodontitis: a multifaceted disease of tooth-supporting tissues","volume":"8","author":"K\u00f6n\u00f6nen E","year":"2019","unstructured":"K\u00f6n\u00f6nen E, Gursoy M, Gursoy UK. Periodontitis: a multifaceted disease of tooth-supporting tissues. J Clin Med. 2019, 8:1135. 10.3390\/jcm8081135","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6831-15-S1-S5","article-title":"Detection and diagnosis of periodontal conditions amenable to prevention","volume":"15","author":"Preshaw PM","year":"2015","unstructured":"Preshaw PM. Detection and diagnosis of periodontal conditions amenable to prevention. BMC Oral Health. 2015, 15:S5. 10.1186\/1472-6831-15-S1-S5","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01180-w","article-title":"Epidemiologic relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"20","author":"Wu CZ","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu CZ, Yuan YH, Liu HH, et al.. Epidemiologic relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Oral Health. 2020, 20:204. 10.1186\/s12903-020-01180-w","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2008.01442.x","article-title":"Periodontal disease: associations with diabetes, glycemic control and complications","volume":"14","author":"Taylor GW","year":"2008","unstructured":"Taylor GW, Borgnakke WS. Periodontal disease: associations with diabetes, glycemic control and complications. Oral Dis. 2008, 14:191-203. 10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2008.01442.x","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.IJEM_147_20","article-title":"Trabecular bone score: an emerging tool in the management of osteoporosis","volume":"24","author":"Rajan R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rajan R, Cherian KE, Kapoor N, Paul TV. Trabecular bone score: an emerging tool in the management of osteoporosis. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2020, 24:237-243. 10.4103\/ijem.IJEM_147_20","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-024-03926-w","article-title":"The paradox of bone mineral density and fracture risk in type 2 diabetes","volume":"85","author":"Li GF","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li GF, Zhao PP, Xiao WJ, Karasik D, Xu YJ, Zheng HF. The paradox of bone mineral density and fracture risk in type 2 diabetes. Endocrine. 2024, 85:1100-1103. 10.1007\/s12020-024-03926-w","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11282-016-0252-x","article-title":"Osteoporotic mandibular changes caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comparative study by cone beam computed tomography imaging","volume":"33","author":"Kayipmaz S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kayipmaz S, Ak\u00e7ay S, Sezgin \u00d6S. Osteoporotic mandibular changes caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comparative study by cone beam computed tomography imaging. Oral Radiology. 2017, 33:108-116. 10.1007\/s11282-016-0252-x","journal-title":"Oral Radiology"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.150004","article-title":"Use of fractal analysis for the discrimination of trabecular changes between individuals with healthy gingiva or moderate periodontitis","volume":"86","author":"Sener E","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sener E, Cinarcik S, Baksi BG. Use of fractal analysis for the discrimination of trabecular changes between individuals with healthy gingiva or moderate periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2015, 86:1364-1369. 10.1902\/jop.2015.150004","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.60921","article-title":"Evaluation of trabecular bone in individuals with periodontitis using fractal analysis: an observational cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Yarkac FU","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yarkac FU, Tassoker M, Atay UT, Azman D. Evaluation of trabecular bone in individuals with periodontitis using fractal analysis: an observational cross-sectional study. J Clin Exp Dent. 2023, 15:e1022-e1028. 10.4317\/jced.60921","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Dent"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.19-0452","article-title":"Evaluation of trabecular bone changes in patients with periodontitis using fractal analysis: a periapical radiography study","volume":"91","author":"Aktuna Belgin C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aktuna Belgin C, Serindere G. Evaluation of trabecular bone changes in patients with periodontitis using fractal analysis: a periapical radiography study. J Periodontol. 2020, 91:933-937. 10.1002\/JPER.19-0452","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2007.01056.x","article-title":"Fractal analysis of dental radiographs to detect periodontitis-induced trabecular changes","volume":"43","author":"Updike SX","year":"2008","unstructured":"Updike SX, Nowzari H. Fractal analysis of dental radiographs to detect periodontitis-induced trabecular changes. J Periodontal Res. 2008, 43:658-664. 10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2007.01056.x","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.18-0006","article-title":"Staging and grading of periodontitis: framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition","volume":"89","author":"Tonetti MS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tonetti MS, Greenwell H, Kornman KS. Staging and grading of periodontitis: framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition. J Periodontol. 2018, 89:S159-S172. 10.1002\/JPER.18-0006","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Declaration of Helsinki [Internet]. Wma.net. (2025). Accessed. September 12, 2025: https:\/\/www.wma.net\/what-we-do\/medical-ethics\/declaration-of-helsinki\/."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.77.1.15","article-title":"Relationship of serum advanced glycation end products with deterioration of periodontitis in type 2 diabetes patients","volume":"77","author":"Takeda M","year":"2006","unstructured":"Takeda M, Ojima M, Yoshioka H, et al.. Relationship of serum advanced glycation end products with deterioration of periodontitis in type 2 diabetes patients. J Periodontol. 2006, 77:15-20. 10.1902\/jop.2006.77.1.15","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3290\/j.qi.b4920297","article-title":"Comparative examination of trabecular bone structure in healthy and diabetic patients with periodontitis using fractal analysis","volume":"55","author":"Kayaalti-Y\u00fcksek S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kayaalti-Y\u00fcksek S, B\u00fcy\u00fck C, A\u011firman M, Kele\u015f G. Comparative examination of trabecular bone structure in healthy and diabetic patients with periodontitis using fractal analysis. Quintessence Int. 2024, 55:192-200. 10.3290\/j.qi.b4920297","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69287-6_23","article-title":"Osteoporosis in premenopausal women","author":"Liu M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu M, Nair N, Cohen A. Osteoporosis in premenopausal women. Osteoporosis: Pathophysiology and Clinical Management. Leder B, Wein M (ed): Humana Press, Cham, Switzerland; 2020. 449-469. 10.1007\/978-3-319-69287-6_23"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2021036","article-title":"Menopausal osteoporosis: screening, prevention and treatment","volume":"62","author":"Yong EL","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yong EL, Logan S. Menopausal osteoporosis: screening, prevention and treatment. Singapore Med J. 2021, 62:159-166. 10.11622\/smedj.2021036","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2025.01.008","article-title":"Bone health in women","volume":"52","author":"Gibbons B","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gibbons B, Lubsen J, Martonffy AI. Bone health in women. Prim Care. 2025, 52:353-370. 10.1016\/j.pop.2025.01.008","journal-title":"Prim Care"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.111","article-title":"Bone density, geometry, microstructure, and stiffness: relationships between peripheral and central skeletal sites assessed by DXA, HR-pQCT, and cQCT in premenopausal women","volume":"25","author":"Liu XS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu XS, Cohen A, Shane E, et al.. Bone density, geometry, microstructure, and stiffness: relationships between peripheral and central skeletal sites assessed by DXA, HR-pQCT, and cQCT in premenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res. 2010, 25:2229-2238. 10.1002\/jbmr.111","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/213234","article-title":"Age-related changes in trabecular and cortical bone microstructure","volume":"2013","author":"Chen H","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen H, Zhou X, Fujita H, Onozuka M, Kubo KY. Age-related changes in trabecular and cortical bone microstructure. Int J Endocrinol. 2013, 2013:213234. 10.1155\/2013\/213234","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2021.116252","article-title":"Bone microstructure in healthy men measured by HR-pQCT: age-related changes and their relationships with DXA parameters and biochemical markers","volume":"154","author":"Doi M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Doi M, Chiba K, Okazaki N, et al.. Bone microstructure in healthy men measured by HR-pQCT: age-related changes and their relationships with DXA parameters and biochemical markers. Bone. 2022, 154:116252. 10.1016\/j.bone.2021.116252","journal-title":"Bone"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/424662-impact-of-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-on-periodontitis-related-trabecular-bone-changes-assessed-by-fractal-analysis-a-comparative-study","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T05:56:48Z","timestamp":1785131808000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/424662-impact-of-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-on-periodontitis-related-trabecular-bone-changes-assessed-by-fractal-analysis-a-comparative-study"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]]},"references-count":22,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.113426","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]]}}}