{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T19:39:13Z","timestamp":1784403553954,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.11367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]],"date-time":"2020-11-07T08:36:51Z","timestamp":1604738211000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Symptoms in Patients With Beta Thalassemia Major in Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Mohammed  A","family":"Zolaly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farah M","family":"Zolaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lama","family":"Al Belowi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raafat","family":"Shuqdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed  A","family":"Al Belowi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Turki A","family":"Alwasaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muayad","family":"Albadrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03630269.2011.588508","article-title":"Molecular basis of \u03b2-thalassemia in the western province of Saudi Arabia: identification of rare \u03b2-thalassemia mutations","volume":"35","author":"Abuzenadah AM","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abuzenadah AM, Hussein IM, Damanhouri GA, et al.. Molecular basis of \u03b2-thalassemia in the western province of Saudi Arabia: identification of rare \u03b2-thalassemia mutations. Hemoglobin. 2011, 35:346-357. 10.3109\/03630269.2011.588508","journal-title":"Hemoglobin"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2011.06.002","article-title":"Marked regional variations in the prevalence of sickle cell disease and \u03b2-thalassemia in Saudi Arabia: findings from the premarital screening and genetic counseling program","volume":"1","author":"Memish ZA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Memish ZA, Owaidah TM, Saeedi MY. Marked regional variations in the prevalence of sickle cell disease and \u03b2-thalassemia in Saudi Arabia: findings from the premarital screening and genetic counseling program. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2011, 1:61-68. 10.1016\/j.jegh.2011.06.002","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1658-3612(10)70121-9","article-title":"Experience with combination therapy of deferiprone and desferrioxamine in \u03b2-thalassemia major patients with iron overload at Maternity and Children Hospital, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia","volume":"5","author":"Al Hawsawi ZM","year":"2010","unstructured":"Al Hawsawi ZM, Sairafy MH, Tarawah AM, Zolaly MA, Al Hegaily AS. Experience with combination therapy of deferiprone and desferrioxamine in \u03b2-thalassemia major patients with iron overload at Maternity and Children Hospital, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2010, 5:27-35. 10.1016\/S1658-3612(10)70121-9","journal-title":"J Taibah Univ Med Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21100","article-title":"Concepts and goals in the management of transfusional iron overload","volume":"82","author":"Porter JB","year":"2007","unstructured":"Porter JB. Concepts and goals in the management of transfusional iron overload. Am J Hematol. 2007, 82:1136-1139. 10.1002\/ajh.21100","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201909.0033.v1","article-title":"Major depression in children with \u03b2-thalassemia major is strongly associated with the number of blood transfusions, iron overload and increased levels of interleukin-1\u03b2 [PREPRINT]","author":"Al-Hakeim HK","year":"2019","unstructured":"Al-Hakeim HK, Najm AH, Al-Aldujaili AH, Maes M. Major depression in children with \u03b2-thalassemia major is strongly associated with the number of blood transfusions, iron overload and increased levels of interleukin-1\u03b2 [PREPRINT]. Preprints. 2019, 10.20944\/preprints201909.0033.v1","journal-title":"Preprints"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Associations of Thalassemia Major and satisfaction with quality of life: rhe mediating effect of social support","volume":"4","author":"Platania S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Platania S, Gruttadauria S, Citelli G, Giambrone L, Di Nuovo S. Associations of Thalassemia Major and satisfaction with quality of life: rhe mediating effect of social support. Health Psychol Open. 2017, 4:2055102917742054. doi.org\/10.1177\/2055102917742054","journal-title":"Health Psychol Open"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21826","article-title":"Symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with thalassemia: prevalence and correlates in the thalassemia longitudinal cohort","volume":"85","author":"Mednick L","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mednick L, Yu S, Trachtenberg F, et al.. Symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with thalassemia: prevalence and correlates in the thalassemia longitudinal cohort. Am J Hematol. 2010, 85:802-805. 10.1002\/ajh.21826","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Depression and thalassemia in children, adolescents and adults","volume":"7","author":"Koutelekos J","year":"2013","unstructured":"Koutelekos J, Haliasos N. Depression and thalassemia in children, adolescents and adults. Health Sci J. 2013, 7:1-8.","journal-title":"Health Sci J"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"Endocrinopathies in beta-thalassemia major. Prevalence, risk factors, and age at diagnosis in Northwest","volume":"34","author":"Habeb AM","year":"2013","unstructured":"Habeb AM, Al-Hawsawi ZM, Morsy MM, Al-Harbi AM, Osilan AS, Al-Magamsi MS, Zolaly MA. Endocrinopathies in beta-thalassemia major. Prevalence, risk factors, and age at diagnosis in Northwest. Saudi Med J. 2013, 34:67-73.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Factors structure and the psychometric characteristics of depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) in Saudi environment","volume":"2019","author":"Al-Zahrani AA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Al-Zahrani AA. Factors structure and the psychometric characteristics of depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) in Saudi environment. Iraqi Acad Sci J. 2019, 2019:626-640.","journal-title":"Iraqi Acad Sci J"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.10.2.176","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample","volume":"10","author":"Antony MM","year":"1998","unstructured":"Antony MM, Bieling PJ, Cox BJ, Enns MW, Swinson RP. Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychol Assess. 1998, 10:176-181. 10.1037\/1040-3590.10.2.176","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Saudi Arabia population statistics update. (2020). Accessed. September 5, 2020: https:\/\/www.stats.gov.sa\/ar\/127."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4082\/kjfm.2018.39.2.101","article-title":"Depression, anxiety, and perceived social support among adults with beta-thalassemia major: cross-sectional study","volume":"39","author":"Maheri A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maheri A, Sadeghi R, Shojaeizadeh D, Tol A, Yaseri M, Rohban A. Depression, anxiety, and perceived social support among adults with beta-thalassemia major: cross-sectional study. Korean J Fam Med. 2018, 39:101-107. 10.4082\/kjfm.2018.39.2.101","journal-title":"Korean J Fam Med"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Evaluation of mental health and related factors among patients with beta-thalassemia major in South East of Iran","volume":"7","author":"Naderi M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Naderi M, Hormozi MR, Ashrafi M, Emamdadi A. Evaluation of mental health and related factors among patients with beta-thalassemia major in South East of Iran. Iran J Psychiatry. 2012, 7:47-51.","journal-title":"Iran J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"The relationship between social support and depression in patients with thalassemia major in Bushehr, Iran","volume":"2","author":"Hooshmandi R","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hooshmandi R, Akabarian S, Bahreini M, Mirzaei K. The relationship between social support and depression in patients with thalassemia major in Bushehr, Iran. Nurs J Vulnerables. 2015, 2:1-14.","journal-title":"Nurs J Vulnerables"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Quality of life, depression, anxiety and stress in over-18-year-old patients with beta-Thalassemia major","volume":"13","author":"Poormansouri S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Poormansouri S, Ahmadi M, Shariati AA, Keikhaei B. Quality of life, depression, anxiety and stress in over-18-year-old patients with beta-Thalassemia major. Sci J Iran Blood Transfus Organ. 2016, 13:72-82.","journal-title":"Sci J Iran Blood Transfus Organ"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/ijp.25(3)2015.322","article-title":"Psychological aspects in children and adolescents with major thalassemia: a case-control study","volume":"25","author":"Behdani F","year":"2015","unstructured":"Behdani F, Badiee Z, Hebrani P, et al.. Psychological aspects in children and adolescents with major thalassemia: a case-control study. Iran J Pediatr. 2015, 25:322. 10.5812\/ijp.25(3)2015.322","journal-title":"Iran J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mph.0000243665.79303.9e","article-title":"Prevalence of psychiatric disorders, depression, and suicidal behavior in child and adolescent with thalassemia major","volume":"28","author":"Ghanizadeh A","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ghanizadeh A, Khajavian S, Ashkani H. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders, depression, and suicidal behavior in child and adolescent with thalassemia major. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2006, 28:781-784. 10.1097\/01.mph.0000243665.79303.9e","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2190\/PM.44.4.a","article-title":"Prevalence of depression and anxiety in adult patients with \u03b2-thalassemia major and intermedia","volume":"44","author":"Khoury B","year":"2012","unstructured":"Khoury B, Musallam KM, Abi-Habib R, et al.. Prevalence of depression and anxiety in adult patients with \u03b2-thalassemia major and intermedia. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2012, 44:291-303.","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sjmms.sjmms_123_16","article-title":"Depression among sickle cell anemia patients in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia","volume":"6","author":"Alhomoud MA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alhomoud MA, Gosadi IM, Wahbi HA. Depression among sickle cell anemia patients in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Med Med Sci. 2018, 6:8-12. 10.4103\/sjmms.sjmms_123_16","journal-title":"Saudi J Med Med Sci"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2015.5.10442","article-title":"Comprehensive patient care improves quality of life in transfusion dependent patients with \u03b2-thalassemia","volume":"36","author":"Ali SS","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ali SS, Tarawah AM, Al-Hawsawi ZM, Zolaly MA, Turkustani W. Comprehensive patient care improves quality of life in transfusion dependent patients with \u03b2-thalassemia. Saudi Med J. 2015, 36:575-579. 10.15537\/smj.2015.5.10442","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Quality of life among adults with beta-thalassemia major in western Saudi Arabia","volume":"35","author":"Amoudi AS","year":"2014","unstructured":"Amoudi AS, Balkhoyor AH, Abulaban AA, Azab AM, Radi SA, Ayoub MD, Albayrouti BT. Quality of life among adults with beta-thalassemia major in western Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 2014, 35:882-885.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Quality of life among children with beta-thalassemia major treated in Western Saudi Arabia","volume":"34","author":"Ayoub MD","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ayoub MD, Radi SA, Azab AM, et al.. Quality of life among children with beta-thalassemia major treated in Western Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 2013, 34:1281-1286.","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Stress level among caregivers of thalassemia patients","volume":"6","author":"Inamdar S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Inamdar S, Inamdar M, Gangrade A. Stress level among caregivers of thalassemia patients. Community Med. 2015, 6:579-578.","journal-title":"Community Med"},{"key":"ref25","article-title":"Relationship between spiritual well-being with hopelessness and social skills in beta-thalassemia major adolescents","volume":"8","author":"Mohammadi SZ","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mohammadi SZ, Tajvidi M. Relationship between spiritual well-being with hopelessness and social skills in beta-thalassemia major adolescents. Modern Care J. 2010, 8:116-124.","journal-title":"Modern Care J"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2019.100588","article-title":"Challenges of blood transfusions in \u03b2-thalassemia","volume":"37","author":"Shah FT","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shah FT, Sayani F, Trompeter S, Drasar E, Piga A. Challenges of blood transfusions in \u03b2-thalassemia. Blood Rev. 2019, 37:100588. 10.1016\/j.blre.2019.100588","journal-title":"Blood Rev"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.74.881.740407","article-title":"T(2) relaxation rate of basal ganglia and cortex in patients with beta-thalassaemia major","volume":"74","author":"Metafratzi Z","year":"2001","unstructured":"Metafratzi Z, Argyropoulou MI, Kiortsis DN, Tsampoulas C, Chaliassos N, Efremidis SC. T(2) relaxation rate of basal ganglia and cortex in patients with beta-thalassaemia major. Br J Radiol. 2001, 74:407-410. 10.1259\/bjr.74.881.740407","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.077","article-title":"Neurocognitive function and its related potentials in children with beta thalassemia major: an Egyptian study","volume":"7","author":"El-Alameey IR","year":"2019","unstructured":"El-Alameey IR, Alzaree F, Shehata MA, Shady MMA, Atti MA, El-Khonezy MI. Neurocognitive function and its related potentials in children with beta thalassemia major: an Egyptian study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019, 7:322-328. 10.3889\/oamjms.2019.077","journal-title":"Open Access Maced J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5215.2006.00180.x","article-title":"Depression and beta-thalassemia: a genetic link?","volume":"19","author":"Borras L","year":"2007","unstructured":"Borras L, Constant EL. Depression and beta-thalassemia: a genetic link?. Acta Neuropsychiatrica. 2007, 19:134-134. 10.1111\/j.1601-5215.2006.00180.x","journal-title":"Acta Neuropsychiatrica"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2009.02865.x","article-title":"Psychopathology in thalassemia major","volume":"51","author":"Cakaloz B","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cakaloz B, Cakaloz I, Polat A, Inan M, Oguzhanoglu NK. Psychopathology in thalassemia major. Pediatr Int. 2009, 51:825-828.","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/44993-depression-anxiety-and-stress-symptoms-in-patients-with-beta-thalassemia-major-in-almadinah-almunawwarah-saudi-arabia","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T19:29:24Z","timestamp":1707506964000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/44993-depression-anxiety-and-stress-symptoms-in-patients-with-beta-thalassemia-major-in-almadinah-almunawwarah-saudi-arabia"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]]},"references-count":30,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.11367","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]]}}}