{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T11:46:05Z","timestamp":1785843965700,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.113933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T11:19:14Z","timestamp":1785842354000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nutritional Management in Cirrhosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy: Current Practices and Expert Opinions of Indian Gastroenterologists"],"prefix":"10.7759","author":[{"given":"Nagaraja R","family":"Padaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kr","family":"Vinayakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Mohapatra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akash","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karan","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sourabh B","family":"Sonawale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nandan","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"Chronic liver disease","author":"Sharma A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sharma A, Nagalli S. Chronic liver disease. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island, USA; 2023."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12245-024-00647-9","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory parameters as predictors of mortality in patients with chronic liver disease presenting to emergency department - a cross sectional study","volume":"17","author":"Ameena MS","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ameena MS, Nagasubramanyam V, Sharma A, et al.. Clinical and laboratory parameters as predictors of mortality in patients with chronic liver disease presenting to emergency department - a cross sectional study. Int J Emerg Med. 2024, 17:73. 10.1186\/s12245-024-00647-9","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cld.1177","article-title":"Epidemiology of liver diseases in India","volume":"19","author":"Mondal D","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mondal D, Das K, Chowdhury A. Epidemiology of liver diseases in India. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken). 2022, 19:114-7. 10.1002\/cld.1177","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken)"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1398690","article-title":"Screening and assessment of malnutrition in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"11","author":"He Y","year":"2024","unstructured":"He Y, Wang Z, Wu S, et al.. Screening and assessment of malnutrition in patients with liver cirrhosis. Front Nutr. 2024, 11:1398690. 10.3389\/fnut.2024.1398690","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27210","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the European Association for the Study of the Liver","volume":"60","author":"Vilstrup H","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vilstrup H, Amodio P, Bajaj J, et al.. Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the European Association for the Study of the Liver. Hepatology. 2014, 60:715-35. 10.1002\/hep.27210","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.06.024","article-title":"EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on nutrition in chronic liver disease","volume":"70","author":"European Association for the Study of the Liver","year":"2019","unstructured":"European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on nutrition in chronic liver disease. J Hepatol. 2019, 70:172-93. 10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.06.024","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.12.022","article-title":"ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in liver disease","volume":"38","author":"Plauth M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Plauth M, Bernal W, Dasarathy S, Merli M, Plank LD, Sch\u00fctz T, Bischoff SC. ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in liver disease. Clin Nutr. 2019, 38:485-521. 10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.12.022","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2020.09.003","article-title":"Nutrition in chronic liver disease: consensus statement of the Indian National Association for Study of the Liver","volume":"11","author":"Puri P","year":"2021","unstructured":"Puri P, Dhiman RK, Taneja S, et al.. Nutrition in chronic liver disease: consensus statement of the Indian National Association for Study of the Liver. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2021, 11:97-143. 10.1016\/j.jceh.2020.09.003","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Hepatol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutos.2024.10.008","article-title":"Nutritional assessment in patients with chronic liver disease - current accessibility and implementation","volume":"58","author":"Bot D","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bot D, Tushuizen ME, van Hoek B. Nutritional assessment in patients with chronic liver disease - current accessibility and implementation. Clin Nutr Open Sci. 2024, 58:206-14. 10.1016\/j.nutos.2024.10.008","journal-title":"Clin Nutr Open Sci"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.09.001","article-title":"ESPEN practical guideline: clinical nutrition in liver disease","volume":"39","author":"Bischoff SC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bischoff SC, Bernal W, Dasarathy S, Merli M, Plank LD, Sch\u00fctz T, Plauth M. ESPEN practical guideline: clinical nutrition in liver disease. Clin Nutr. 2020, 39:3533-62. 10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.09.001","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Nutritional status assessment in chronic liver disease patients according to severity and etiology","volume":"12","author":"Hait A","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hait A. Nutritional status assessment in chronic liver disease patients according to severity and etiology. Indian J Open Sci Nutr. 2025, 12:307.","journal-title":"Indian J Open Sci Nutr"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12383","article-title":"GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition - a consensus report from the global clinical nutrition community","volume":"10","author":"Cederholm T","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cederholm T, Jensen GL, Correia MI, et al.. GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition - a consensus report from the global clinical nutrition community. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2019, 10:207-17. 10.1002\/jcsm.12383","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32049","article-title":"Malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis: 2021 Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases","volume":"74","author":"Lai JC","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lai JC, Tandon P, Bernal W, Tapper EB, Ekong U, Dasarathy S, Carey EJ. Malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis: 2021 Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 2021, 74:1611-44. 10.1002\/hep.32049","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.03.023","article-title":"Normal protein diet for episodic hepatic encephalopathy: results of a randomized study","volume":"41","author":"C\u00f3rdoba J","year":"2004","unstructured":"C\u00f3rdoba J, L\u00f3pez-Hell\u00edn J, Planas M, et al.. Normal protein diet for episodic hepatic encephalopathy: results of a randomized study. J Hepatol. 2004, 41:38-43. 10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.03.023","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"Improvement of hepatic encephalopathy using a modified high-calorie high-protein diet","volume":"14","author":"Gheorghe L","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gheorghe L, Iacob R, V\u0103dan R, Iacob S, Gheorghe C. Improvement of hepatic encephalopathy using a modified high-calorie high-protein diet. Rom J Gastroenterol. 2005, 14:231-8.","journal-title":"Rom J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0261-5614(89)90008-3","article-title":"Minimum protein requirements in liver cirrhosis determined by nitrogen balance measurements at three levels of protein intake","volume":"8","author":"Swart GR","year":"1989","unstructured":"Swart GR, van den Berg J, van Vuure JK, Rietveld T, Wattimena DL, Frenkel M. Minimum protein requirements in liver cirrhosis determined by nitrogen balance measurements at three levels of protein intake. Clin Nutr. 1989, 8:329-36. 10.1016\/0261-5614(89)90008-3","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30686","article-title":"Sarcopenia in cirrhosis: looking beyond the skeletal muscle loss to see the systemic disease","volume":"70","author":"Bhanji RA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bhanji RA, Montano-Loza AJ, Watt KD. Sarcopenia in cirrhosis: looking beyond the skeletal muscle loss to see the systemic disease. Hepatology. 2019, 70:2193-203. 10.1002\/hep.30686","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-012-0069-3","article-title":"Consilience in sarcopenia of cirrhosis","volume":"3","author":"Dasarathy S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dasarathy S. Consilience in sarcopenia of cirrhosis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2012, 3:225-37. 10.1007\/s13539-012-0069-3","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-025-09258-7","article-title":"Branched-chain amino acid supplementation and clinical outcomes in liver cirrhosis: a propensity score-matched multicenter retrospective cohort study","volume":"71","author":"Aldiabat M","year":"2026","unstructured":"Aldiabat M, Aljabiri Y, Aleyadeh W, Madi MY, Syn WK, Qureshi K. Branched-chain amino acid supplementation and clinical outcomes in liver cirrhosis: a propensity score-matched multicenter retrospective cohort study. Dig Dis Sci. 2026, 71:232-47. 10.1007\/s10620-025-09258-7","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0016-5085(03)00323-8","article-title":"Nutritional supplementation with branched-chain amino acids in advanced cirrhosis: a double-blind, randomized trial","volume":"124","author":"Marchesini G","year":"2003","unstructured":"Marchesini G, Bianchi G, Merli M, et al.. Nutritional supplementation with branched-chain amino acids in advanced cirrhosis: a double-blind, randomized trial. Gastroenterology. 2003, 124:1792-801. 10.1016\/s0016-5085(03)00323-8","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20517\/2394-5079.2016.02","article-title":"Diet and nutrition therapy in pre-liver transplant patients","volume":"2","author":"Bakshi N","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bakshi N, Singh K. Diet and nutrition therapy in pre-liver transplant patients. Hepatoma Res. 2016, 2:207-15. 10.20517\/2394-5079.2016.02","journal-title":"Hepatoma Res"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20894","article-title":"Nutrition for the liver transplant patient","volume":"12","author":"Sanchez AJ","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sanchez AJ, Aranda-Michel J. Nutrition for the liver transplant patient. Liver Transpl. 2006, 12:1310-6. 10.1002\/lt.20894","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.liver.2021.100060","article-title":"Nutritional therapy to cirrhotic patients on transplantation waiting lists","volume":"5","author":"Ramachandran G","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ramachandran G, Pottakkat B. Nutritional therapy to cirrhotic patients on transplantation waiting lists. J Liver Transpl. 2022, 5:100060. 10.1016\/j.liver.2021.100060","journal-title":"J Liver Transpl"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2022.111635","article-title":"Protein intake early after liver transplantation and postoperative outcome: an observational study comparing two nutritional protocols","volume":"98","author":"Lindqvist C","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lindqvist C, Nordstedt P, Vidgren M, Nowak G. Protein intake early after liver transplantation and postoperative outcome: an observational study comparing two nutritional protocols. Nutrition. 2022, 98:111635. 10.1016\/j.nut.2022.111635","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15112487","article-title":"Nutritional intake after liver transplant: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Spillman LN","year":"2023","unstructured":"Spillman LN, Madden AM, Richardson H, et al.. Nutritional intake after liver transplant: systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2023, 15:2487. 10.3390\/nu15112487","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.02.013","article-title":"ESPEN guideline: clinical nutrition in surgery","volume":"36","author":"Weimann A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Weimann A, Braga M, Carli F, et al.. ESPEN guideline: clinical nutrition in surgery. Clin Nutr. 2017, 36:623-50. 10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.02.013","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"}],"container-title":["Cureus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/501739-nutritional-management-in-cirrhosis-and-hepatic-encephalopathy-current-practices-and-expert-opinions-of-indian-gastroenterologists","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T11:19:16Z","timestamp":1785842356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cureus.com\/articles\/501739-nutritional-management-in-cirrhosis-and-hepatic-encephalopathy-current-practices-and-expert-opinions-of-indian-gastroenterologists"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"references-count":26,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.113933","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-8184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-8184","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]}}}